PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 9TH EDITION McCANCE ALL CHAPTERS 1-50 QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2025 TEST BANK

TESTBANKFORPATHOPHYSIOLOGY9TH
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ss EDITION McCANCE ALL CHAPTERS 1-50
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ss QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2025.
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,Chapter 1-49 ss




Chapter01:CellularBiologys s s




Rogers:McCance&Huether’sPathophysiology,9thEdition
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MULTIPLE CHOICE ss




1. Whichstatement best describesthecellularfunctionofmetabolic absorption?
a. Cellscanproduce proteins.
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b. Cellscan secrete digestive
enzymes.
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c. Cells can take in and use
nutrients.
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d. Cellscansynthesizefats. s ss s




ANS: C s s




In metabolic absorption, all cells take in and use nutrients and other
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substances from their surroundings. The remaining options are not
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inclusive in their descriptions of cellular metabolic absorption.
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DIF: CognitiveLevel: Remembering s ss




2. Whereismost ofacell’sgenetic information, includingRNAand DNA,
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contained?
a. Mitochond
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ria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome
ANS: C s s




The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed largely
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ofRNA,most of thecellular DNA,and theDNA-binding proteins, such as the
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histones, which regulate its activity. The mitochondria are responsible for
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cellular respiration and energy production.
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Ribosomes’chieffunctionistoprovidesitesforcellularproteinsynthesis. Lysosomes s s ss ss s s s s s s ss




function as the intracellular digestive system.
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DIF: CognitiveLevel: Remembering s ss




3. Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using
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oxygentoremovehydrogenatoms fromspecific substrates in an oxidative
ss
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reaction?
a. Lysosome
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b. Peroxisom

, es
c. Ribosome
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d. Endosome

ANS: B
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, Peroxisomes are sonamed becausetheyusuallycontain enzymes that useoxygen toss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss




remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction that produces
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H2O2, which is a powerful oxidant and potentially destructive if it accumulates or
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escapes from peroxisomes. Ribosomes are RNA-protein complexes (nucleoproteins)
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that are synthesized in the nucleolus and secreted into the cytoplasm through pores in
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the nuclear envelope called nuclear pore complexes.
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Lysosomesare saclike structures that originate fromtheGolgicomplex and contain
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more than 40 digestive enzymes called hydrolases, which catalyze bonds in proteins,
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lipids, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates. An endosome is a vesical that has been pinched
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off from the cellular membrane.
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DIF: CognitiveLevel: Remembering s ss




4. Whichcellcomponentiscapableofcellularautodigestionwhenitis s s ss ss s s s s s s




released during cell injury?
a. Ribosome
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b. Golgicomplex s




c. Smooth endoplasmic
reticulum
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d. Lysosomes
ANS: D s s




Thelysosomalmembraneactsasaprotectiveshieldbetweenthepowerful
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digestive enzymes within the lysosome and the cytoplasm, preventing their
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leakage into the cytoplasmic matrix. Disruption of the membrane by various
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treatments or cellular injury leads to a release of the lysosomal enzymes,
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which can then react with their specific substrates, causing cellular self-
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digestion. The chief function of a ribosome is to provide sites for cellular
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protein synthesis. The Golgi complex is a network of flattened, smooth
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vesicles and membranes often located near the cell nucleus. The smooth
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endoplasmic reticulum is involved in steroid hormone production and
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removing toxic substances from the cell.
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DIF: CognitiveLevel: Remembering s ss




5. WhichcAMP-mediated responseisrelatedtoantidiuretic hormone?
a. Increasedheart rateand forceof
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contraction
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b. Secretionofcortisol s ss




c. Increasedretentionofwater s s ss




d. Breakdownoffat s s




ANS: C s s




Antidiuretic hormone leads to increased retention of water in the body. Epinephrine ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss




causesincreasesinheartrateandforceofcontraction.Increased cortisol secretion is
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due to ACTH. Breakdown of fat is due to glucagon.
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DIF: CognitiveLevel: Remembering s ss




6. Duringwhich phaseofthecell cycle isDNA synthesized? s ss s ss s ss ss ss ss