ADDRESSED
PHARMACOLOGY
TEST BANK TEST
The nurse has been caring for a patient who has been taking antibiotics for 3 weeks. Upon
assessing the patient, the nurse notices the individual has developed oral thrush. What describes
the etiology of the thrush? - CORRECT ANSWER-Superinfection
The nurse is caring for a patient on a medical-surgical unit who has a fever of unknown
origin. The prescriber has ordered a broad-spectrum antibiotic. Which intervention is the
priority? - CORRECT ANSWER-Obtaining all cultures before the antibiotic is administered
The nurse is teaching a nursing student about the mechanism by which antimicrobial agents
achieve selective toxicity. Which ystatement yby ythe ystudent yindicates ya yneed yfor yfurther
yteaching? y- yCORRECT yANSWER-"Some yagents ycause yphagocytosis yof ybacterial
ycells."
A ychild yhas yreceived yamoxicillin y[Amoxil] yfor ythree yprevious year yinfections, ybut ya ycurrent
yotitis ymedia yepisode yis ynot yresponding yto ytreatment. yThe ynurse ycaring yfor ythis ychild
ysuspects ythat yresistance yto ythe ybacterial yagent yhas yoccurred yby ywhich ymicrobial
ymechanism? y- yCORRECT yANSWER-Drug yinactivation
A ynursing ystudent yasks ya ynurse yto yclarify ythe ydifferences ybetween ythe ymechanisms
yof yspontaneous ymutation yand yconjugation yin yacquired yresistance yof ymicrobes. yWhat
ywill ythe ynurse ysay? y- yCORRECT yANSWER-Spontaneous ymutation yleads yto
yresistance yto yonly yone yantimicrobial yagent.
A ypatient yhas ya yviral ysinus yinfection, yand ythe yprovider ytells ythe ypatient ythat yantibiotics
ywill ynot ybe yprescribed. yThe ypatient ywants yto ytake yan yantibiotic yand yasks ythe ynurse
ywhat ypossible yharm ycould yoccur yby ytaking yan yantibiotic. yWhich yresponse yby ythe ynurse
yis ycorrect? y- yCORRECT yANSWER-"Even ynormal yflora ycan ydevelop yresistance yand
ytransfer ythis yto ypathogens."
,A yrecent ycampaign, yinitiated yby ythe yCenters yfor yDisease yControl y(CDC), yto ydelay ythe
yemergence yof yantibiotic yresistance yin yhospitals, yhas ywhat yas yone yof yits yobjectives? y-
yCORRECT yANSWER-Increased yadherence yto yprescribed yantibiotics
A ypatient yhas ya ylocalized yskin yinfection, ywhich yis ymost ylikely ycaused yby ya ygram-positive
ycocci. yUntil ythe yculture yand ysensitivity yresults yare yavailable, ythe ynurse ywill yexpect ythe
yprovider yto yorder ya y -
spectrum
agent. y- yCORRECT yANSWER-narrow; ytopical
A yparent yasks ya ynurse yif ythe yprovider ywill yprescribe yan yantibiotic yfor ya ychild ywho
yattends yschool ywith yseveral ychildren ywho yhave ystrep ythroat. yThe ychild yis ycomplaining yof
ya ysore ythroat yand yhas ya yfever. yWhat ywill ybe ythe ynurse's yresponse y- yCORRECT
yANSWER-"Your ychild yshould ycome yto ythe yclinic yto yhave ya ythroat yculture ydone ytoday."
n yolder yadult ypatient ywith ychronic yobstructive ypulmonary ydisease y(COPD) ydevelops
ybronchitis. yThe ypatient yhas ya ytemperature yof y39.5°C. yThe ynurse ywill yexpect ythe yprovider
yto: y- yCORRECT yANSWER-order yempiric yantibiotics ywhile ywaiting yfor ysputum yculture
yresults.
Which ypatients yshould ybe ygiven yantibiotics yprophylactically? y(Select yall ythat yapply.) y-
yCORRECT yANSWER- yPatients ywith ycertain ycongenital yheart ydefects yat yrisk yfor ybacterial
yendocarditis
Patients ywith ycompound yfractures yundergoing ysurgical yrepair
Which yare ybenefits yof yusing ya ycombination yof ytwo yor ymore yantibiotics? y(Select yall ythat
yapply.) y- yCORRECT yANSWER-Reduced ytoxicity
Reduced yresistance
Reduced yrisk yin ysevere yinfection
The ynurse yis yteaching ya ypharmacology yrefresher ycourse yto ya ygroup yof ynurses. yA
ystudent yasks ywhat yhost yfactors yaffect ythe ychoice yof yagents yin yantimicrobial ytherapy.
yThe ynurse ywill ytell ythe ystudents ythat ysuch yhost yfactors yinclude ywhat? y(Select yall ythat
yapply.) y- yCORRECT yANSWER-Age
Immune ysystem
ystatus yInfection ysite
,A ynurse ytranscribes ya ynew yprescription yfor ypotassium ypenicillin yG ygiven yintravenously y(IV)
yevery y8 yhours yand ygentamicin ygiven yIV yevery y12 yhours. yWhich yis ythe ybest yschedule yfor
yadministering ythese ydrugs? y- yCORRECT yANSWER-Give ythe ypenicillin yat y0800, y1600, yand
y2400; ygive ythe ygentamicin y[Garamycin] yat y1800 yand y0600.
A ynurse yassisting ya ynursing ystudent ywith ymedications yasks ythe ystudent yto ydescribe yhow
ypenicillins y(PCNs) ywork yto ytreat ybacterial yinfections. yThe ystudent yis ycorrect yin
yresponding ythat ypenicillins: y- yCORRECT yANSWER-disrupt ybacterial ycell ywall ysynthesis.
A ychild ywith yotitis ymedia yhas yhad ythree year yinfections yin ythe ypast yyear. yThe ychild yhas
yjust ycompleted ya y10- yday ycourse yof yamoxicillin y[Amoxil] ywith yno yimprovement. yThe
yparent yasks ythe ynurse ywhy ythis ydrug yis ynot yworking, ybecause yit yhas yworked yin ythe
ypast. yWhat ywill ythe ynurse ytell ythe ypatient? y- yCORRECT yANSWER- y"The ybacteria yhave
ysynthesized ypenicillinase."
A ychild ywith yan year yinfection yis ynot yresponding yto ytreatment ywith yamoxicillin y[Amoxil].
yThe ynurse ywill yexpect ythe yprovider yto yorder: y- yCORRECT yANSWER-amoxicillin-
clavulanic yacid y[Augmentin].
A ypatient yis yreceiving yintravenous ypotassium ypenicillin yG, y2 ymillion yunits yto ybe
yadministered yover y1 yhour. yAt y1900, ythe ynurse ynotes ythat ythe ydose yhung yat y1830 yhas
yinfused ycompletely. yWhat ywill ythe ynurse ydo? y- yCORRECT yANSWER-Request yan yorder
yfor yserum yelectrolytes yand ycardiac ymonitoring.
A ypatient yis yabout yto yreceive ypenicillin yG yfor yan yinfection ythat yis yhighly ysensitive yto ythis
ydrug. yWhile yobtaining ythe ypatient's ymedication yhistory, ythe ynurse ylearns ythat ythe ypatient
yexperienced ya yrash ywhen ygiven yamoxicillin y[Amoxil] yas ya ychild y20 yyears yearlier. yWhat
ywill ythe ynurse ydo? y- yCORRECT yANSWER- yRequest yan yorder yfor ya yskin ytest yto yassess
ythe ycurrent yrisk.
A ypatient ywith yno yknown ydrug yallergies yis yreceiving yamoxicillin y[Amoxil] yPO ytwice ydaily.
yTwenty yminutes yafter ybeing ygiven ya ydose, ythe ypatient ycomplains yof yshortness yof ybreath.
yThe ypatient's yblood ypressure yis y100/58 ymm yHg. yWhat ywill ythe ynurse ydo? y- yCORRECT
yANSWER-Contact ythe yprovider yand yprepare yto yadminister yepinephrine
, A ypatient yhas yan yinfection ycaused yby yStreptococcus ypyogenes. yThe yprescriber yhas
yordered ydicloxacillin yPO. yWhat ywill ythe ynurse ydo? y- yCORRECT yANSWER-Question ythe
yneed yfor ya ypenicillinase-resistant ypenicillin.
The yparent yof yan yinfant ywith yotitis ymedia yasks ythe ynurse ywhy ythe yprescriber yhas
yordered yamoxicillin y[Amoxil] yand ynot yampicillin y[Unasyn]. yWhat ywill ythe ynurse ytell ythe
yparent? y- yCORRECT yANSWER-Ampicillin yis ynot yas yacid ystable yas yamoxicillin.
A ypatient ywith yan yinfection ycaused yby yPseudomonas yaeruginosa yis ybeing ytreated ywith
ypiperacillin. yThe ynurse yproviding ycare yreviews ythe ypatient's ylaboratory yreports yand ynotes
ythat ythe ypatient's yblood yurea ynitrogen yand yserum ycreatinine ylevels yare yelevated. yThe
ynurse ywill ycontact ythe yprovider yto ydiscuss: y- yCORRECT yANSWER-reducing ythe ydose yof
ypiperacillin.
A ynurse yis ydiscussing ymethicillin-resistant yStaphylococcus yaureus y(MRSA) ywith ya ygroup
yof ynursing ystudents. yWhich ystatement yby ya ystudent ycorrectly yidentifies ythe ybasis yfor
yMRSA yresistance? y- yCORRECT yANSWER-"MRSA ybacteria yhave ydeveloped yPBPs ywith
ya ylow yaffinity yfor ypenicillins."
A ynurse yis ypreparing yto yadminister yintramuscular ypenicillin yto ya ypatient ywho yis yinfected
ywith yT. ypallidum yand ynotes ythat ythe yorder yis yfor ysodium ypenicillin yG. yWhich yaction yis
ycorrect? y- yCORRECT yANSWER-Contact ythe yprovider yto ydiscuss ychanging ythe ydrug yto
ybenzathine ypenicillin yG.
Which yorganisms ycan ybe ytreated ywith ypenicillin yG y(Benzylpenicillin)? y(Select yall ythat
yapply.) y- yCORRECT yANSWER-Neisseria ymeningitidis
Streptococcus
ypyogenes
yTreponema ypallidum
A ynursing ystudent ywants yto yknow ythe ydifferences ybetween yhospital-associated
ymethicillin-resistant yStaphylococcus yaureus y(HA-MRSA) yand ycommunity-associated
ymethicillin-resistant yStaphylococcus yaureus y(CA-MRSA). yWhich ystatements yabout
yCA-MRSA yare ytrue? y(Select yall ythat yapply.) y- yCORRECT yANSWER-20% yto y30% yof
ythe ygeneral ypopulation yare ycolonized ywith yCA-MRSA.
Boils ycaused yby yCA-MRSA ycan ybe ytreated ywithout yantibiotics.
PHARMACOLOGY
TEST BANK TEST
The nurse has been caring for a patient who has been taking antibiotics for 3 weeks. Upon
assessing the patient, the nurse notices the individual has developed oral thrush. What describes
the etiology of the thrush? - CORRECT ANSWER-Superinfection
The nurse is caring for a patient on a medical-surgical unit who has a fever of unknown
origin. The prescriber has ordered a broad-spectrum antibiotic. Which intervention is the
priority? - CORRECT ANSWER-Obtaining all cultures before the antibiotic is administered
The nurse is teaching a nursing student about the mechanism by which antimicrobial agents
achieve selective toxicity. Which ystatement yby ythe ystudent yindicates ya yneed yfor yfurther
yteaching? y- yCORRECT yANSWER-"Some yagents ycause yphagocytosis yof ybacterial
ycells."
A ychild yhas yreceived yamoxicillin y[Amoxil] yfor ythree yprevious year yinfections, ybut ya ycurrent
yotitis ymedia yepisode yis ynot yresponding yto ytreatment. yThe ynurse ycaring yfor ythis ychild
ysuspects ythat yresistance yto ythe ybacterial yagent yhas yoccurred yby ywhich ymicrobial
ymechanism? y- yCORRECT yANSWER-Drug yinactivation
A ynursing ystudent yasks ya ynurse yto yclarify ythe ydifferences ybetween ythe ymechanisms
yof yspontaneous ymutation yand yconjugation yin yacquired yresistance yof ymicrobes. yWhat
ywill ythe ynurse ysay? y- yCORRECT yANSWER-Spontaneous ymutation yleads yto
yresistance yto yonly yone yantimicrobial yagent.
A ypatient yhas ya yviral ysinus yinfection, yand ythe yprovider ytells ythe ypatient ythat yantibiotics
ywill ynot ybe yprescribed. yThe ypatient ywants yto ytake yan yantibiotic yand yasks ythe ynurse
ywhat ypossible yharm ycould yoccur yby ytaking yan yantibiotic. yWhich yresponse yby ythe ynurse
yis ycorrect? y- yCORRECT yANSWER-"Even ynormal yflora ycan ydevelop yresistance yand
ytransfer ythis yto ypathogens."
,A yrecent ycampaign, yinitiated yby ythe yCenters yfor yDisease yControl y(CDC), yto ydelay ythe
yemergence yof yantibiotic yresistance yin yhospitals, yhas ywhat yas yone yof yits yobjectives? y-
yCORRECT yANSWER-Increased yadherence yto yprescribed yantibiotics
A ypatient yhas ya ylocalized yskin yinfection, ywhich yis ymost ylikely ycaused yby ya ygram-positive
ycocci. yUntil ythe yculture yand ysensitivity yresults yare yavailable, ythe ynurse ywill yexpect ythe
yprovider yto yorder ya y -
spectrum
agent. y- yCORRECT yANSWER-narrow; ytopical
A yparent yasks ya ynurse yif ythe yprovider ywill yprescribe yan yantibiotic yfor ya ychild ywho
yattends yschool ywith yseveral ychildren ywho yhave ystrep ythroat. yThe ychild yis ycomplaining yof
ya ysore ythroat yand yhas ya yfever. yWhat ywill ybe ythe ynurse's yresponse y- yCORRECT
yANSWER-"Your ychild yshould ycome yto ythe yclinic yto yhave ya ythroat yculture ydone ytoday."
n yolder yadult ypatient ywith ychronic yobstructive ypulmonary ydisease y(COPD) ydevelops
ybronchitis. yThe ypatient yhas ya ytemperature yof y39.5°C. yThe ynurse ywill yexpect ythe yprovider
yto: y- yCORRECT yANSWER-order yempiric yantibiotics ywhile ywaiting yfor ysputum yculture
yresults.
Which ypatients yshould ybe ygiven yantibiotics yprophylactically? y(Select yall ythat yapply.) y-
yCORRECT yANSWER- yPatients ywith ycertain ycongenital yheart ydefects yat yrisk yfor ybacterial
yendocarditis
Patients ywith ycompound yfractures yundergoing ysurgical yrepair
Which yare ybenefits yof yusing ya ycombination yof ytwo yor ymore yantibiotics? y(Select yall ythat
yapply.) y- yCORRECT yANSWER-Reduced ytoxicity
Reduced yresistance
Reduced yrisk yin ysevere yinfection
The ynurse yis yteaching ya ypharmacology yrefresher ycourse yto ya ygroup yof ynurses. yA
ystudent yasks ywhat yhost yfactors yaffect ythe ychoice yof yagents yin yantimicrobial ytherapy.
yThe ynurse ywill ytell ythe ystudents ythat ysuch yhost yfactors yinclude ywhat? y(Select yall ythat
yapply.) y- yCORRECT yANSWER-Age
Immune ysystem
ystatus yInfection ysite
,A ynurse ytranscribes ya ynew yprescription yfor ypotassium ypenicillin yG ygiven yintravenously y(IV)
yevery y8 yhours yand ygentamicin ygiven yIV yevery y12 yhours. yWhich yis ythe ybest yschedule yfor
yadministering ythese ydrugs? y- yCORRECT yANSWER-Give ythe ypenicillin yat y0800, y1600, yand
y2400; ygive ythe ygentamicin y[Garamycin] yat y1800 yand y0600.
A ynurse yassisting ya ynursing ystudent ywith ymedications yasks ythe ystudent yto ydescribe yhow
ypenicillins y(PCNs) ywork yto ytreat ybacterial yinfections. yThe ystudent yis ycorrect yin
yresponding ythat ypenicillins: y- yCORRECT yANSWER-disrupt ybacterial ycell ywall ysynthesis.
A ychild ywith yotitis ymedia yhas yhad ythree year yinfections yin ythe ypast yyear. yThe ychild yhas
yjust ycompleted ya y10- yday ycourse yof yamoxicillin y[Amoxil] ywith yno yimprovement. yThe
yparent yasks ythe ynurse ywhy ythis ydrug yis ynot yworking, ybecause yit yhas yworked yin ythe
ypast. yWhat ywill ythe ynurse ytell ythe ypatient? y- yCORRECT yANSWER- y"The ybacteria yhave
ysynthesized ypenicillinase."
A ychild ywith yan year yinfection yis ynot yresponding yto ytreatment ywith yamoxicillin y[Amoxil].
yThe ynurse ywill yexpect ythe yprovider yto yorder: y- yCORRECT yANSWER-amoxicillin-
clavulanic yacid y[Augmentin].
A ypatient yis yreceiving yintravenous ypotassium ypenicillin yG, y2 ymillion yunits yto ybe
yadministered yover y1 yhour. yAt y1900, ythe ynurse ynotes ythat ythe ydose yhung yat y1830 yhas
yinfused ycompletely. yWhat ywill ythe ynurse ydo? y- yCORRECT yANSWER-Request yan yorder
yfor yserum yelectrolytes yand ycardiac ymonitoring.
A ypatient yis yabout yto yreceive ypenicillin yG yfor yan yinfection ythat yis yhighly ysensitive yto ythis
ydrug. yWhile yobtaining ythe ypatient's ymedication yhistory, ythe ynurse ylearns ythat ythe ypatient
yexperienced ya yrash ywhen ygiven yamoxicillin y[Amoxil] yas ya ychild y20 yyears yearlier. yWhat
ywill ythe ynurse ydo? y- yCORRECT yANSWER- yRequest yan yorder yfor ya yskin ytest yto yassess
ythe ycurrent yrisk.
A ypatient ywith yno yknown ydrug yallergies yis yreceiving yamoxicillin y[Amoxil] yPO ytwice ydaily.
yTwenty yminutes yafter ybeing ygiven ya ydose, ythe ypatient ycomplains yof yshortness yof ybreath.
yThe ypatient's yblood ypressure yis y100/58 ymm yHg. yWhat ywill ythe ynurse ydo? y- yCORRECT
yANSWER-Contact ythe yprovider yand yprepare yto yadminister yepinephrine
, A ypatient yhas yan yinfection ycaused yby yStreptococcus ypyogenes. yThe yprescriber yhas
yordered ydicloxacillin yPO. yWhat ywill ythe ynurse ydo? y- yCORRECT yANSWER-Question ythe
yneed yfor ya ypenicillinase-resistant ypenicillin.
The yparent yof yan yinfant ywith yotitis ymedia yasks ythe ynurse ywhy ythe yprescriber yhas
yordered yamoxicillin y[Amoxil] yand ynot yampicillin y[Unasyn]. yWhat ywill ythe ynurse ytell ythe
yparent? y- yCORRECT yANSWER-Ampicillin yis ynot yas yacid ystable yas yamoxicillin.
A ypatient ywith yan yinfection ycaused yby yPseudomonas yaeruginosa yis ybeing ytreated ywith
ypiperacillin. yThe ynurse yproviding ycare yreviews ythe ypatient's ylaboratory yreports yand ynotes
ythat ythe ypatient's yblood yurea ynitrogen yand yserum ycreatinine ylevels yare yelevated. yThe
ynurse ywill ycontact ythe yprovider yto ydiscuss: y- yCORRECT yANSWER-reducing ythe ydose yof
ypiperacillin.
A ynurse yis ydiscussing ymethicillin-resistant yStaphylococcus yaureus y(MRSA) ywith ya ygroup
yof ynursing ystudents. yWhich ystatement yby ya ystudent ycorrectly yidentifies ythe ybasis yfor
yMRSA yresistance? y- yCORRECT yANSWER-"MRSA ybacteria yhave ydeveloped yPBPs ywith
ya ylow yaffinity yfor ypenicillins."
A ynurse yis ypreparing yto yadminister yintramuscular ypenicillin yto ya ypatient ywho yis yinfected
ywith yT. ypallidum yand ynotes ythat ythe yorder yis yfor ysodium ypenicillin yG. yWhich yaction yis
ycorrect? y- yCORRECT yANSWER-Contact ythe yprovider yto ydiscuss ychanging ythe ydrug yto
ybenzathine ypenicillin yG.
Which yorganisms ycan ybe ytreated ywith ypenicillin yG y(Benzylpenicillin)? y(Select yall ythat
yapply.) y- yCORRECT yANSWER-Neisseria ymeningitidis
Streptococcus
ypyogenes
yTreponema ypallidum
A ynursing ystudent ywants yto yknow ythe ydifferences ybetween yhospital-associated
ymethicillin-resistant yStaphylococcus yaureus y(HA-MRSA) yand ycommunity-associated
ymethicillin-resistant yStaphylococcus yaureus y(CA-MRSA). yWhich ystatements yabout
yCA-MRSA yare ytrue? y(Select yall ythat yapply.) y- yCORRECT yANSWER-20% yto y30% yof
ythe ygeneral ypopulation yare ycolonized ywith yCA-MRSA.
Boils ycaused yby yCA-MRSA ycan ybe ytreated ywithout yantibiotics.
