NURS 333- Exam #4 (Ch. 2, 3, 4, 18, 42, and 43)
-Organs
Because of rising healthcare costs, -Expensive treatments
what is being pressured to be rationed? -Specialist time
-Nursing care (staffing shortages)
Can nurses serve as consent for organ yes
donation?
Can problem-focused and emotion- yes
focused coping happen together?
-Can be started early in the disease, not limited to those near death
-Relieve symptoms (pain, dyspnea, nausea, distress)
-Improve quality of life for client and family
Describe palliative care?
-Support psychological, spiritual, and social needs
-Works alongside curative treatments
-Focuses on helping families cope and make decisions
-Stress = body’s nonspecific response to any demand.
Describe the response-based model of
-Introduced GAS (General Adaptation Syndrome) and LAS (Local Adaptation
stress.
Syndrome)
, NURS 333- Exam #4 (Ch. 2, 3, 4, 18, 42, and 43)
-Stress is a stimulus or a life event that triggers physiological and
psychological reactions.
-Holmes & Rahe created a numerical scale of 43 life events to measure stress
(e.g., divorce, pregnancy, retirement).
Describe the stimulus-based model of
-Both positive and negative events can be stressful.
stress.
-Stress impact is highly individualized—the same event affects different
people differently.
-Many scales lack sensitivity to age, culture, and socioeconomic status.
-Used to identify recent stressors, not predict coping ability.
-Stress = interaction between the individual and the environment.
-Emphasizes cognitive appraisal:
-Stress occurs if demands exceed the person's coping resources.
-People react differently due to: Vulnerability, Perception, and Coping skills
Describe the transaction-based model
-Emotional responses (denial, anxiety, depression)
of stress.
-Highlights the importance of cognitive, emotional, and behavioral coping
strategies.
-Stress is not just physiological—it includes mental and psychological
processes.
Each state has its own nursing practice -Legally defines and regulates the scope of nursing practice.
act. What does that do? -Establishes licensing requirements to control who may practice nursing
Ethical reasoning should be guided by rational; systemic; principle-based
___, ____, and ____, not guided by emotion
or routine.
, NURS 333- Exam #4 (Ch. 2, 3, 4, 18, 42, and 43)
-Repositioning
-assisted movement
For a dying client, how can nurses help
-support with pillows
with mobility?
-elevate legs
-pressure-injury prevention
-Fowler's position
-suctioning
For a dying client, how do nurses make
-lateral position for unconscious clients
sure the airway stays clear?
-oxygen
-anticholinergics for secretions
-Frequent baths/linens
For a dying client, how do nurses make -mouth care
sure the client stays clean? -moisturizers
-skin barriers
-Antiemetics
For a dying client, what can nurses do
-small alcoholic beverage
regarding nutrition?
-encourage liquids
For a profession or occupation to -There is a need to protect the public's safety or welfare.
obtain the right to license its members, -The occupation is clearly delineated as a separate, distinct area of work.
what are the three criteria that have to -A proper authority has been established to assume the obligations of the
be met? licensing process, for example, in nursing, state boards of nursing.
For home care planning, what should -Reassess abilities and support system.
be assessed? -Anticipate long-term needs based on past coping.
, NURS 333- Exam #4 (Ch. 2, 3, 4, 18, 42, and 43)
-Data protection
HIPAA sets standards for: -Appropriate disclosure
-Client rights
-through observation and personal experience
-Influenced by society, culture, religion, family, and peers
How are values learned?
-Cultural values affect health behaviors—some groups may prefer folk healers
over medical treatment
-List alternatives – Explore all possible options.
-Examine consequences – Discuss possible results of each choice.
-Choose freely – Ensure decisions are voluntary.
How can a nurse help a patient clarify
-Describe feelings – Assess emotional response to the decision.
their values?
-Affirm the choice – Discuss how the decision will be shared with others.
-Act with a pattern – Determine if actions consistently reflect the stated
values
-Use presence and therapeutic silence.
-Validate feelings.
-Promote autonomy by offering choices.
How can a nurse implement emotional
-Provide community resources:
support?
-Support groups (e.g., Compassionate Friends)
-Spiritual care
-Counseling services
-Driver's license registration
How can individuals donate organs for
-National Donate Life Registry
transplant, education, or research?
-Verbal consent to family
-Organs
Because of rising healthcare costs, -Expensive treatments
what is being pressured to be rationed? -Specialist time
-Nursing care (staffing shortages)
Can nurses serve as consent for organ yes
donation?
Can problem-focused and emotion- yes
focused coping happen together?
-Can be started early in the disease, not limited to those near death
-Relieve symptoms (pain, dyspnea, nausea, distress)
-Improve quality of life for client and family
Describe palliative care?
-Support psychological, spiritual, and social needs
-Works alongside curative treatments
-Focuses on helping families cope and make decisions
-Stress = body’s nonspecific response to any demand.
Describe the response-based model of
-Introduced GAS (General Adaptation Syndrome) and LAS (Local Adaptation
stress.
Syndrome)
, NURS 333- Exam #4 (Ch. 2, 3, 4, 18, 42, and 43)
-Stress is a stimulus or a life event that triggers physiological and
psychological reactions.
-Holmes & Rahe created a numerical scale of 43 life events to measure stress
(e.g., divorce, pregnancy, retirement).
Describe the stimulus-based model of
-Both positive and negative events can be stressful.
stress.
-Stress impact is highly individualized—the same event affects different
people differently.
-Many scales lack sensitivity to age, culture, and socioeconomic status.
-Used to identify recent stressors, not predict coping ability.
-Stress = interaction between the individual and the environment.
-Emphasizes cognitive appraisal:
-Stress occurs if demands exceed the person's coping resources.
-People react differently due to: Vulnerability, Perception, and Coping skills
Describe the transaction-based model
-Emotional responses (denial, anxiety, depression)
of stress.
-Highlights the importance of cognitive, emotional, and behavioral coping
strategies.
-Stress is not just physiological—it includes mental and psychological
processes.
Each state has its own nursing practice -Legally defines and regulates the scope of nursing practice.
act. What does that do? -Establishes licensing requirements to control who may practice nursing
Ethical reasoning should be guided by rational; systemic; principle-based
___, ____, and ____, not guided by emotion
or routine.
, NURS 333- Exam #4 (Ch. 2, 3, 4, 18, 42, and 43)
-Repositioning
-assisted movement
For a dying client, how can nurses help
-support with pillows
with mobility?
-elevate legs
-pressure-injury prevention
-Fowler's position
-suctioning
For a dying client, how do nurses make
-lateral position for unconscious clients
sure the airway stays clear?
-oxygen
-anticholinergics for secretions
-Frequent baths/linens
For a dying client, how do nurses make -mouth care
sure the client stays clean? -moisturizers
-skin barriers
-Antiemetics
For a dying client, what can nurses do
-small alcoholic beverage
regarding nutrition?
-encourage liquids
For a profession or occupation to -There is a need to protect the public's safety or welfare.
obtain the right to license its members, -The occupation is clearly delineated as a separate, distinct area of work.
what are the three criteria that have to -A proper authority has been established to assume the obligations of the
be met? licensing process, for example, in nursing, state boards of nursing.
For home care planning, what should -Reassess abilities and support system.
be assessed? -Anticipate long-term needs based on past coping.
, NURS 333- Exam #4 (Ch. 2, 3, 4, 18, 42, and 43)
-Data protection
HIPAA sets standards for: -Appropriate disclosure
-Client rights
-through observation and personal experience
-Influenced by society, culture, religion, family, and peers
How are values learned?
-Cultural values affect health behaviors—some groups may prefer folk healers
over medical treatment
-List alternatives – Explore all possible options.
-Examine consequences – Discuss possible results of each choice.
-Choose freely – Ensure decisions are voluntary.
How can a nurse help a patient clarify
-Describe feelings – Assess emotional response to the decision.
their values?
-Affirm the choice – Discuss how the decision will be shared with others.
-Act with a pattern – Determine if actions consistently reflect the stated
values
-Use presence and therapeutic silence.
-Validate feelings.
-Promote autonomy by offering choices.
How can a nurse implement emotional
-Provide community resources:
support?
-Support groups (e.g., Compassionate Friends)
-Spiritual care
-Counseling services
-Driver's license registration
How can individuals donate organs for
-National Donate Life Registry
transplant, education, or research?
-Verbal consent to family
