NURS 611 - Exam #2
adaptive "active" immunity
antibodies or T cells are produced
remembers the pathogen and active more rapidly on subsequent expo
3rd line of defense -- produced by an individual either after natural exposure to an antigen
after immunization
exquisitely specific
long lived
activated mast cells initiate synthesis other mediators of inflammation
of
Focal Brain ischemia with infarction
types: embolic, hemorrhagic, transient ischemic attacks (TIA)
can lead to cell death, sensory, motor, and cognitive impairments, and
infarction
Acute Ischemic stroke
associated with arterial obstruction of brain blood flow
infarction can occur when blood flow drops below 25% of normal, or w
focal brain ischemia lasts more than 30-60 minutes
risk factor - HTN
, NURS 611 - Exam #2
source: acute pain is a protective mechanism to warn of actual or
impending injury
external agent or internal disease usually known
Acute Pain Duration: transient (up to 6 months)
clinical signs: SYMPATHETIC RESPONSE: increased HR, BP, RR; diapho
dilated pupils
prognosis: likelihood of eventual complete relief
afferent nerve carries messages toward the brain and spinal cord
accumulation of waste products from
photoreceptors in the macula and
choriocapillary loss
age-related macular degeneration severe and irreversible loss of vision and a
major cause of blindness
usually occurs after the age of 60
cause is unknown
CNS is arroused
flight or flight/sympathetic nervous system
alarm stage of GAS
hypothalamus activated
catecholamines and hormones released
, NURS 611 - Exam #2
bind to antigenic determinants on the recipient's erythrocytes, causing
alloimmune reaction to ABO- agglutination and lysis of the recipient's own cells
mismatched transfused blood cells universal donor - O
universal recipient - AB
degeneration and death of upper and lower motor neurons, including t
neuromuscular junction (NMJ)
ALS is formerly known as Lou Gehrig's
As motor neurons degenerate and die, they stop sending messages to
disease and is known to cause
muscles, which causes the muscles to weaken, start to twitch
(fasciculations), and waste away (atrophy
severe cognitive dysfunction
deterioration of judgement, cognition, and memory
risk factors: age and family hx - more common in males
cause - unknown
Alzheimer disease
important to rule out ALL other causes of dementia with a thorough clin
history, behavior changes, cognitive testing, course of illness, lab tests,
brain imaging
may see lesions on MRI, but not definitive
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is cortical motor neurons
a motor neuron disease that originates
in the
, NURS 611 - Exam #2
Amyotropic means without muscle lower motor neuron (LMN) component
nutrition and progressive muscle
wasting and refers to the
inappropriate prescribing as well as organism changing in response to
antibiotic resistance
exposure to antibiotic
minor form of antigenic variation
antigenic drift
results from mutations in the viral genome
antigenic variation small changes to the genes that produce viral surface antigens
excessive and persistent worries/when fear and anxiety become too
intense and undermine the ability to function on a daily basis
common to see depression as well
anxiety disorders Panic disorder
social anxiety disorder
generalized anxiety disorder
post traumatic stress disorder
adaptive "active" immunity
antibodies or T cells are produced
remembers the pathogen and active more rapidly on subsequent expo
3rd line of defense -- produced by an individual either after natural exposure to an antigen
after immunization
exquisitely specific
long lived
activated mast cells initiate synthesis other mediators of inflammation
of
Focal Brain ischemia with infarction
types: embolic, hemorrhagic, transient ischemic attacks (TIA)
can lead to cell death, sensory, motor, and cognitive impairments, and
infarction
Acute Ischemic stroke
associated with arterial obstruction of brain blood flow
infarction can occur when blood flow drops below 25% of normal, or w
focal brain ischemia lasts more than 30-60 minutes
risk factor - HTN
, NURS 611 - Exam #2
source: acute pain is a protective mechanism to warn of actual or
impending injury
external agent or internal disease usually known
Acute Pain Duration: transient (up to 6 months)
clinical signs: SYMPATHETIC RESPONSE: increased HR, BP, RR; diapho
dilated pupils
prognosis: likelihood of eventual complete relief
afferent nerve carries messages toward the brain and spinal cord
accumulation of waste products from
photoreceptors in the macula and
choriocapillary loss
age-related macular degeneration severe and irreversible loss of vision and a
major cause of blindness
usually occurs after the age of 60
cause is unknown
CNS is arroused
flight or flight/sympathetic nervous system
alarm stage of GAS
hypothalamus activated
catecholamines and hormones released
, NURS 611 - Exam #2
bind to antigenic determinants on the recipient's erythrocytes, causing
alloimmune reaction to ABO- agglutination and lysis of the recipient's own cells
mismatched transfused blood cells universal donor - O
universal recipient - AB
degeneration and death of upper and lower motor neurons, including t
neuromuscular junction (NMJ)
ALS is formerly known as Lou Gehrig's
As motor neurons degenerate and die, they stop sending messages to
disease and is known to cause
muscles, which causes the muscles to weaken, start to twitch
(fasciculations), and waste away (atrophy
severe cognitive dysfunction
deterioration of judgement, cognition, and memory
risk factors: age and family hx - more common in males
cause - unknown
Alzheimer disease
important to rule out ALL other causes of dementia with a thorough clin
history, behavior changes, cognitive testing, course of illness, lab tests,
brain imaging
may see lesions on MRI, but not definitive
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is cortical motor neurons
a motor neuron disease that originates
in the
, NURS 611 - Exam #2
Amyotropic means without muscle lower motor neuron (LMN) component
nutrition and progressive muscle
wasting and refers to the
inappropriate prescribing as well as organism changing in response to
antibiotic resistance
exposure to antibiotic
minor form of antigenic variation
antigenic drift
results from mutations in the viral genome
antigenic variation small changes to the genes that produce viral surface antigens
excessive and persistent worries/when fear and anxiety become too
intense and undermine the ability to function on a daily basis
common to see depression as well
anxiety disorders Panic disorder
social anxiety disorder
generalized anxiety disorder
post traumatic stress disorder
