ATI Community Health Proctored Exam
100 questions and answers with rationale
1. A community health nurse is planning a immunization clinic in a
rural village. Which action should be taken first?
A. Arrange for vaccine storage equipment
B. Notify community leaders of clinic date
C. Develop an outreach and education plan
D. Conduct a community needs assessment
Rationale: A needs assessment identifies population-specific
barriers, baseline knowledge, and gaps — essential for planning
relevant immunization services.
2. Which indicator best reflects a community’s maternal health
status?
A. Percentage of pregnant women attending at least 1 ANC visit
B. Maternal mortality ratio
C. Number of functioning birthing centers
D. Number of skilled birth attendants in the region
Rationale: Maternal mortality ratio is a widely accepted
outcome indicator for maternal health and reflects
quality/access of care.
3. When teaching a group of new parents about reducing sudden
infant death syndrome (SIDS), the nurse should emphasize:
A. Using a soft sleeping surface
B. Placing infants on their side to sleep
C. Keeping toys and blankets in the crib
D. Putting infants to sleep on their backs
, Rationale: Supine sleep position is recommended to reduce SIDS
risk compared to side or prone positions.
4. In planning health promotion for hypertension in a community,
which approach exemplifies a primary prevention strategy?
A. Screening hypertensive clients for end-organ damage
B. Providing antihypertensive medications to diagnosed clients
C. Educating adults about healthy diet and exercise to prevent
hypertension
D. Referring hypertensive clients to a specialist for care
Rationale: Primary prevention aims to prevent disease
occurrence before onset — health education on lifestyle to
prevent hypertension qualifies.
5. A nurse conducting a home visit in a low-income neighborhood
observes many children with decayed teeth. What community
intervention is most appropriate?
A. Distribute toothbrushes to the children
B. Provide a referral to dental care
C. Implement a community-wide fluoride varnish program and
oral health education
D. Teach parents about toothbrushing and diet only
Rationale: A fluoride varnish program plus education addresses
systemic oral health needs and helps prevent further decay in
underserved communities.
6. Which of the following best defines the term “incidence rate” in
epidemiology?
A. Total number of existing cases at a point in time divided by
population
B. Number of new cases in a defined time period divided by
population at risk
, C. Number of new and old cases divided by total population
D. Deaths from disease divided by total population
Rationale: Incidence measures new cases over time among those
at risk, differentiating it from prevalence.
7. While conducting a community assessment, the nurse notes that
many adults cook over open fires with poor ventilation. Which
health problem is most likely increased in this population?
A. Diabetes mellitus
B. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
C. Hypertension
D. Skin infections
Rationale: Indoor air pollution from open fires is a risk factor for
COPD and other respiratory illnesses.
8. A public health nurse organizes a smoking cessation program
targeting teenagers. Which element is characteristic of secondary
prevention?
A. Community education about the risks of smoking
B. Screening adolescents for nicotine dependence and early signs
of respiratory problems
C. Advocacy for smoke-free public spaces
D. Enforcement of laws prohibiting sale to minors
Rationale: Secondary prevention aims to detect early problems
(e.g., nicotine dependence) before full-blown disease develops.
9. During a community disaster response, which action represents
tertiary prevention?
A. Distributing sandbags to prevent flooding
B. Evacuating residents before floodwaters arrive
C. Providing rehabilitation and mental health services to flood
survivors
, D. Broadcasting warnings about rising water levels
Rationale: Tertiary prevention focuses on minimizing long-term
impact and promoting recovery after an adverse event.
10. A client in a community clinic reports using mosquito nets
but still has repeated malaria episodes. What additional
community health advice is most appropriate?
A. Only sleep under the net
B. Provide antimalarial prophylaxis
C. Reduce standing water near the home and use insecticide-
treated nets consistently
D. Ensure window screens are closed at night
Rationale: Eliminating mosquito breeding sites and consistent
use of insecticide-treated nets helps reduce malaria transmission
in endemic areas.
11. A health promotion campaign wants to increase
breastfeeding rates. Which outcome measure is most suitable?
A. Number of prenatal classes held
B. Percentage of mothers who begin breastfeeding within one
hour of birth
C. Number of breast pumps distributed
D. Number of home visits scheduled
Rationale: Early initiation of breastfeeding is a key indicator of
breastfeeding promotion success and reflective of actual
behavior change, not just services offered.
12. Which of the following demonstrates cultural competence
by a community health nurse?
A. Using only materials in English
B. Insisting clients follow standard dietary guidelines
C. Adapting health education materials to clients’ language,
100 questions and answers with rationale
1. A community health nurse is planning a immunization clinic in a
rural village. Which action should be taken first?
A. Arrange for vaccine storage equipment
B. Notify community leaders of clinic date
C. Develop an outreach and education plan
D. Conduct a community needs assessment
Rationale: A needs assessment identifies population-specific
barriers, baseline knowledge, and gaps — essential for planning
relevant immunization services.
2. Which indicator best reflects a community’s maternal health
status?
A. Percentage of pregnant women attending at least 1 ANC visit
B. Maternal mortality ratio
C. Number of functioning birthing centers
D. Number of skilled birth attendants in the region
Rationale: Maternal mortality ratio is a widely accepted
outcome indicator for maternal health and reflects
quality/access of care.
3. When teaching a group of new parents about reducing sudden
infant death syndrome (SIDS), the nurse should emphasize:
A. Using a soft sleeping surface
B. Placing infants on their side to sleep
C. Keeping toys and blankets in the crib
D. Putting infants to sleep on their backs
, Rationale: Supine sleep position is recommended to reduce SIDS
risk compared to side or prone positions.
4. In planning health promotion for hypertension in a community,
which approach exemplifies a primary prevention strategy?
A. Screening hypertensive clients for end-organ damage
B. Providing antihypertensive medications to diagnosed clients
C. Educating adults about healthy diet and exercise to prevent
hypertension
D. Referring hypertensive clients to a specialist for care
Rationale: Primary prevention aims to prevent disease
occurrence before onset — health education on lifestyle to
prevent hypertension qualifies.
5. A nurse conducting a home visit in a low-income neighborhood
observes many children with decayed teeth. What community
intervention is most appropriate?
A. Distribute toothbrushes to the children
B. Provide a referral to dental care
C. Implement a community-wide fluoride varnish program and
oral health education
D. Teach parents about toothbrushing and diet only
Rationale: A fluoride varnish program plus education addresses
systemic oral health needs and helps prevent further decay in
underserved communities.
6. Which of the following best defines the term “incidence rate” in
epidemiology?
A. Total number of existing cases at a point in time divided by
population
B. Number of new cases in a defined time period divided by
population at risk
, C. Number of new and old cases divided by total population
D. Deaths from disease divided by total population
Rationale: Incidence measures new cases over time among those
at risk, differentiating it from prevalence.
7. While conducting a community assessment, the nurse notes that
many adults cook over open fires with poor ventilation. Which
health problem is most likely increased in this population?
A. Diabetes mellitus
B. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
C. Hypertension
D. Skin infections
Rationale: Indoor air pollution from open fires is a risk factor for
COPD and other respiratory illnesses.
8. A public health nurse organizes a smoking cessation program
targeting teenagers. Which element is characteristic of secondary
prevention?
A. Community education about the risks of smoking
B. Screening adolescents for nicotine dependence and early signs
of respiratory problems
C. Advocacy for smoke-free public spaces
D. Enforcement of laws prohibiting sale to minors
Rationale: Secondary prevention aims to detect early problems
(e.g., nicotine dependence) before full-blown disease develops.
9. During a community disaster response, which action represents
tertiary prevention?
A. Distributing sandbags to prevent flooding
B. Evacuating residents before floodwaters arrive
C. Providing rehabilitation and mental health services to flood
survivors
, D. Broadcasting warnings about rising water levels
Rationale: Tertiary prevention focuses on minimizing long-term
impact and promoting recovery after an adverse event.
10. A client in a community clinic reports using mosquito nets
but still has repeated malaria episodes. What additional
community health advice is most appropriate?
A. Only sleep under the net
B. Provide antimalarial prophylaxis
C. Reduce standing water near the home and use insecticide-
treated nets consistently
D. Ensure window screens are closed at night
Rationale: Eliminating mosquito breeding sites and consistent
use of insecticide-treated nets helps reduce malaria transmission
in endemic areas.
11. A health promotion campaign wants to increase
breastfeeding rates. Which outcome measure is most suitable?
A. Number of prenatal classes held
B. Percentage of mothers who begin breastfeeding within one
hour of birth
C. Number of breast pumps distributed
D. Number of home visits scheduled
Rationale: Early initiation of breastfeeding is a key indicator of
breastfeeding promotion success and reflective of actual
behavior change, not just services offered.
12. Which of the following demonstrates cultural competence
by a community health nurse?
A. Using only materials in English
B. Insisting clients follow standard dietary guidelines
C. Adapting health education materials to clients’ language,
