NUR 480 EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS
WITH COMPLETE VERIFIED ACTUAL
ANSWERS
Host, agent, environment - answer ✔✔-Epi Triad
- Human, animal - answer ✔✔-Host
- Physical, biological, social and cultural - answer ✔✔-Environment
- Bacteria, fungi, parasites & viruses - answer ✔✔-Agent
- Surveillance is key!
- Epidemic
- Endemic
- Pandemic - answer ✔✔-Surveillance Types
- Significant increase in a disease - answer ✔✔-Epidemic
- Numbers of disease within a population - answer ✔✔-Endemic
- Outbreaks around the globe - answer ✔✔-Pandemic
- Black death
- 1918 influenza pandemic
,- HIV/AIDS pandemic - answer ✔✔-Deadliest pandemics in history
- Diseases recognized in the human host for the first time (HIV/AIDS) - answer ✔✔-Newly Emerging
- Diseases that have historically infected humans, but continue to appear in new locations or drug-
resistant forms or that reappear after apparent control or elimination - answer ✔✔-Reemerging
1.Prepare for field work
2.Establish the existence of an outbreak
3.Verify the diagnosis
4.Construct a working case definition
5.Find cases systematically and record information
6.Perform descriptive epidemiology
7.Develop hypotheses
8.Evaluate hypotheses epidemiologically
9.As necessary, reconsider, refine, and re-evaluate hypotheses
10.Compare and reconcile with laboratory and/or environmental studies
11.Implement control and prevention measures
12.Initiate or maintain surveillance
13.Communicate findings - answer ✔✔-Steps of an Outbreak Investigation
- A standard set of criteria for deciding whether an individual should be classified as having the health
condition of interest - answer ✔✔-Case Definition
- Uses historgram to illustrate mode of spread, period of exposure - answer ✔✔-Epi Curve
- A notifiable disease is one for which regular, frequent, and timely information regarding individual
cases is considered necessary for the prevention and control of the disease
- Providers MUST report to local/regional health departments, state health departments and CDC -
answer ✔✔-Notifiable Infectious Diseases
, A. Receiving calls from affected residents
B. Receiving calls from healthcare providers - answer ✔✔-Which are the most common ways that a local
health department uncovers outbreaks?
- The nature of the disease
- The number of cases
- Resources available
- Health department's traditional attitude toward conducting field investigations - answer ✔✔-Factors
that influence a health department's decision whether or not to conduct a field investigation in response
to one or more cases of disease include:
- Clinical features
- Time
- Place
- Person - answer ✔✔-A case definition during an outbreak investigation should specify:
- April 20 Dinner - answer ✔✔-A group of tourists on a weeklong bus tour of a European country
experienced an outbreak of norovirus. The group had followed a consistent meal-time pattern: each
morning they had breakfast together in whichever hotel they had stayed from 6:00 a.m. to 7:00 a.m.,
stopped for lunch from 1:00 p.m. to 2:00 p.m., then had dinner together either at the next hotel or at a
restaurant at about 7:00 p.m. The incubation period for norovirus is about 24-48 hours, with a median
of about 33 hours. On which day and at which meal was exposure most likely?
- Previously undetected or unknown infectious agents
- Known agents that have spread to new geographic locations or new populations
- Previously known agents whose role in specific diseases has previously gone unrecognized
- Re-emergence of agents whose incidence of disease had significantly declined in the past, but whose
incidence of disease has reappeared. - answer ✔✔-Causes of Emerging Infectious Disease
1. Infectious agents has to be introduced into a vulnerable population
WITH COMPLETE VERIFIED ACTUAL
ANSWERS
Host, agent, environment - answer ✔✔-Epi Triad
- Human, animal - answer ✔✔-Host
- Physical, biological, social and cultural - answer ✔✔-Environment
- Bacteria, fungi, parasites & viruses - answer ✔✔-Agent
- Surveillance is key!
- Epidemic
- Endemic
- Pandemic - answer ✔✔-Surveillance Types
- Significant increase in a disease - answer ✔✔-Epidemic
- Numbers of disease within a population - answer ✔✔-Endemic
- Outbreaks around the globe - answer ✔✔-Pandemic
- Black death
- 1918 influenza pandemic
,- HIV/AIDS pandemic - answer ✔✔-Deadliest pandemics in history
- Diseases recognized in the human host for the first time (HIV/AIDS) - answer ✔✔-Newly Emerging
- Diseases that have historically infected humans, but continue to appear in new locations or drug-
resistant forms or that reappear after apparent control or elimination - answer ✔✔-Reemerging
1.Prepare for field work
2.Establish the existence of an outbreak
3.Verify the diagnosis
4.Construct a working case definition
5.Find cases systematically and record information
6.Perform descriptive epidemiology
7.Develop hypotheses
8.Evaluate hypotheses epidemiologically
9.As necessary, reconsider, refine, and re-evaluate hypotheses
10.Compare and reconcile with laboratory and/or environmental studies
11.Implement control and prevention measures
12.Initiate or maintain surveillance
13.Communicate findings - answer ✔✔-Steps of an Outbreak Investigation
- A standard set of criteria for deciding whether an individual should be classified as having the health
condition of interest - answer ✔✔-Case Definition
- Uses historgram to illustrate mode of spread, period of exposure - answer ✔✔-Epi Curve
- A notifiable disease is one for which regular, frequent, and timely information regarding individual
cases is considered necessary for the prevention and control of the disease
- Providers MUST report to local/regional health departments, state health departments and CDC -
answer ✔✔-Notifiable Infectious Diseases
, A. Receiving calls from affected residents
B. Receiving calls from healthcare providers - answer ✔✔-Which are the most common ways that a local
health department uncovers outbreaks?
- The nature of the disease
- The number of cases
- Resources available
- Health department's traditional attitude toward conducting field investigations - answer ✔✔-Factors
that influence a health department's decision whether or not to conduct a field investigation in response
to one or more cases of disease include:
- Clinical features
- Time
- Place
- Person - answer ✔✔-A case definition during an outbreak investigation should specify:
- April 20 Dinner - answer ✔✔-A group of tourists on a weeklong bus tour of a European country
experienced an outbreak of norovirus. The group had followed a consistent meal-time pattern: each
morning they had breakfast together in whichever hotel they had stayed from 6:00 a.m. to 7:00 a.m.,
stopped for lunch from 1:00 p.m. to 2:00 p.m., then had dinner together either at the next hotel or at a
restaurant at about 7:00 p.m. The incubation period for norovirus is about 24-48 hours, with a median
of about 33 hours. On which day and at which meal was exposure most likely?
- Previously undetected or unknown infectious agents
- Known agents that have spread to new geographic locations or new populations
- Previously known agents whose role in specific diseases has previously gone unrecognized
- Re-emergence of agents whose incidence of disease had significantly declined in the past, but whose
incidence of disease has reappeared. - answer ✔✔-Causes of Emerging Infectious Disease
1. Infectious agents has to be introduced into a vulnerable population
