Test Bank for Talaro's Foundations in Microbiology, 12th Edition by Barry Chess / 27 Chapters / 2025 updated / Rationals included / With bonus solutions manual

TEST BANK FOR TALARO'S FOUNDATIONS IN MIC
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ROBIOLOGY, 12TH EDITION BY BARRY CHESS AN
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D KATHLEEN PARK TALARO | ALL CHAPTERS VE
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RIFIED QUESTION AND ANSWERS | UPDATED 2025/
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2026 | GRADED A+ bn bn bn

, CHAPTERbn1bn—bnTHEbnMAINbn THEMESbnOFbnMICROBIOLOGY
1. Abnnursingbnstudentbnasksbnwhybnmicrobiologybnisbnimportantbntobnalliedb n healt
hbnprofessionals.bnWhichbnreplybnbestbnexplainsb n thebnprimarybnreasonbnmicrobio
logybnisbnessentialbninbnclinicalb n practice?
A. Itbnprovidesbnabncompletebnlistbnofbnallbnpathogenicbnorganisms.
B. Itbnexplainsb n howbnmicroorganismsb n causebndiseasebnandbnhowbntobnprevent
bntheirbnspread.

C. Itbnteachesbnsurgicalbnproceduresbnrequiredbntobntreatbninfections.
D. Itbnfocusesbnonbneconomicbnimpactsbnofbninfectiousb n diseasebncontrol.
Answer:bnB.
Rationale:bnMicrobiologybnhelpsbncliniciansb n understandbnpathogenbnbiology,bnmodes
bnofbntransmission,b n hostbnresponse,bnandbnprevention/controlbnstrategiesb n (e.g.,bnaseps

is,bnvaccines,bnantibiotics).bnOptionsbnA,bnC,bnandbnDbnarebneitherb n incompletebnorbnirrele
vantb n tobnwhybnmicrobiologybnisbnessentialbninbnclinicalb n care.
2. Whichbnonebnofbnthebnfollowingb n bestbndescribesbnthebnconceptbnofbn―eme
rgingbninfectiousbndisease‖?
A. Abndiseasebnthatbnisbneradicatedbnworldwide.
B. Anbninfectionbnthatbnbecomesbnclinicallyb n lessbnseverebnoverbntime.
C. Abndiseasebnthatbnappearsbninbnabnpopulationbnforbnthebnfirstbntimeb n orbnreappea
rsbnafterbnabnsignificantb n decline.
D. Anybndiseasebncausedbnbybnvirusesb n only.
Answer:bnC.
Rationale:bnEmergingb n infectiousb n diseasesbnnewlyb n appearbnorbnreappearbn(e.g.,bn
Ebola,bnSARS-CoV-
2).bnTheybnarebnnotbnlimitedb n tobnvirusesb n andbnarebnnotbneradicatedb n diseases.
3. Abnpatientbndevelopsbnabnsecondarybninfectionbnafterbninfluenzab n duebntobncolo
nizingbnbacteria.bnWhichbntermbnbestbnfitsbnthebnbacterialbninfection?
A. Latentbninfection
B. Primarybnpathogen
C. Opportunisticbninfection
D. Congenitalbninfection
Answer:bnC.

,Rationale:bnAnbnopportunisticbninfectionb n occursbnwhenbnnormalbndefensesbnarebncom
promisedbn(influenzab n damagesbnrespiratorybnepithelium),b n allowingb n normallyb n non-
bninvasiveb n organismsbntobncausebndisease.bnPrimaryb n pathogensbncausebndiseasebninbnhe

althybnhosts;bnlatentb n isbndormant;bncongenitalbnisbnpresentbnatbnbirth.
4. Whichbnofbnthebnfollowingb n statementsbnaboutbnnormalbnmicrobiotabn(microflor
a)bnisbnTRUE?
A. Theybnarebnalwaysbnharmfulbnandbnshouldbnbebneliminated.
B. Theybnprovidebnbenefitsbnsuchbnasbncompetitivebnexclusionbnandbnvita
minbnproduction.
C. Theybnarebnthebnsamebnforbneverybnhumanb n being.
D. Theybnonlybnexistbnonbnthebnskin.
Answer:bnB.
Rationale:bnNormalbnmicrobiotabnbenefitbnhostsbnbybncompetitiveb n exclusion,bnvitami
nbnsynthesis,bnandbnimmunebnsystembndevelopment.bnTheybnvarybnbetweenbnindividualsb
n andbnoccurbnonbnmanyb n bodybnsitesbn(gut,bnskin,bnmucosa).


5. Abnsmallbnoutbreakbnofbnfoodbornebnillnessb n occurredbnafterbnabncateredb n even
t.bnThebninstructorbnasksbnwhatbnpublicbnhealthb n rolebnepidemiologyb n played
.bnWhichbnstatementbnisbncorrect?
A. Epidemiologybnisbnresponsiblebnforbntreatingbnthebnsick.
B. Epidemiologybntracesbnpatterns,bncauses,bnandbncontrolbnmeasuresbnforbndisea
sebninbnpopulations.
C. Epidemiologyb n onlybndocumentsbndeaths.
D. Epidemiologybn onlybnstudiesbnchronicbndiseases.
Answer:bnB.
Rationale:bnEpidemiologybninvestigatesb n distributionbnandbndeterminantsb n ofbnhealth
bnevents,bnhelpingbnidentifyb n sourcesbn(e.g.,bncontaminatedbn food),bnmodesbnofbntransmis

sion,bnandbninterventions.b n It’sbnnotbnlimitedb n tobntreatment,b n deaths,bnorbnchronicbndis
ease.
6. Whichbncharacteristicb n separatesbnvirusesbnfrombncellularb n life?
A. PresencebnofbnDNAbnorbnRNAbngenome
B. Capabilitybntobnreplicatebnonlybninsidebnabnhostbncell

, C. Havingbnabnproteinbncoat
D. Abilitybntobnevolve
Answer:bnB.
Rationale:bnVirusesbnarebnobligatebnintracellularb n parasites—
theybnrequirebnhostbnmachinerybntobnreplicate.bnCellularb n lifebnconductsbnindepende
ntbnmetabolism;bnvirusesbnmaybnhavebnDNAbnorbnRNAbnandbncanbnevolve,b n andbnma
nybnhavebnabnproteinbncapsid,bnbutbnobligatebnintracellularb n replicationbnisbndefining
.
7. Abnclinicianb n hearsbnthebnphrasebn―infectionbndoesbnnotbnalwaysb n equalbndis
ease.‖bnWhichbnexampleb n supportsbnthatbnstatement?
A. Symptomaticbninfluenzab n infectionbninbnabnpatientbnwithbnfever.
B. CarriagebnofbnStaphylococcusbnaureusbninbnthebnanteriorb n naresbnofbnabnh
ealthybnperson.
C. Deathbncausedbnbybnsepsis.
D. Severebnpneumoniab n inbnanbnimmunocompromisedb n patient.
Answer:bnB.
Rationale:bnCarriagebn(colonization)bnshowsbninfectionbnwithoutb n clinicalb n diseas
e.bnInfectionbncanbnbebnasymptomatic;bndiseasebnoccursbnwhenbnhostbndamagebnor bnsy
mptomsbnmanifest.
8. Whichbnofbnthebnfollowingb n bestbnreflectsb n Koch’sbnpostulates’bnmainb n contributi
onbntobnmicrobiology?
A. Measuringbnmicrobialbngrowthbnratesbninbnthebnlab.
B. Establishingbncriteriabntobnlinkbnabnspecificbnmicroorganismbntobnabnparti
cularbndisease.
C. Describingbnadaptivebnimmuneb n responses.
D. Explainingbn howbnantibioticsbn work.
Answer:bnB.
Rationale:bnKoch’sbnpostulatesbnwerebnfoundationalbninbndemonstratingbncausationbnb
etweenbnmicrobesbnandbndiseasebn(isolateb n organism,bnreproducebndiseasebninbnmodel,bnr
e-bnisolate).b n Theybndobnnotbncoverbnimmunityb n orbnantibiotics.
9. Abnnewlyb n discoveredbnbacteriumbnisbnunableb n tobnbebnculturedb n onbnstandardbn
mediabnbutbnisbnconsistentlybnfoundbninbnpatientsbn withbnabndisease.bnWhichbnmod
ernbntechniquebnhelpsbnassociatebnthebnbacteriumbnwithb n diseasebndespitebnKoch
’sbnpostulates