,Chapter 01: Nursing Today
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Potter: Fundamentals of Nursing, 11th Edition
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MULTIPLE CHOICE ED
1. Which nurse most likely kept records on sanitation techniques and the effects on health?
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a. Florence Nightingale ED
b. Mary Nutting ED
c. Clara Barton ED
d. Lillian Wald ED
ANS: A ED
Nightingale was the first practicing nurse epidemiologist. Her statistical analyses connec
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ted poor sanitation with cholera and dysentery. Mary Nutting, Clara Barton, and Lillian
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED E
DWald came after Nightingale, each contributing to the nursing profession in her own w
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
ay. Mary Nutting was instrumental in moving nursing education into universities. Clara
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Barton founded the American Red Cross. Lillian Wald helped open the Henry Street Se
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
ttlement.
DIF:Understand (comprehension) ED
OBJ:Discuss the influence of social, historical, political, and economic changes on nursing practices.
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
TOP: Evaluation MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance ED ED ED ED
2. The nurse prescribes strategies and alternatives to attain expected outcome. Which standa
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rd of nursing practice is the nurse following?
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a. Assessment
b. Diagnosis
c. Planning
d. Implementation
ANS: C ED
In planning, the registered nurse develops a plan that prescribes strategies and alternativ
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es to attain expected outcomes. During assessment, the registered nurse collects compre
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
hensive data pertinent to the patient’s health and/or the situation. In diagnosis, the regis
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
tered nurse analyzes the assessment data to determine the diagnoses or issues. During im
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
plementation, the registered nurse implements (carries out) the identified plan.
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
DIF:Understand (comprehension) ED
OBJ:Discuss the development of professional nursing roles.
ED ED ED ED ED ED
TOP: Plannin
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g MSC: Management of Care
ED E D ED ED
3. An experienced medical-
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surgical nurse chooses to work in obstetrics. Which level of proficiency is the
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nurse upon initial transition to the obstetrical floor?
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a. Novice
b. Proficient
c. Competent
d. Advanced beginner ED
ANS: A ED
, A beginning nursing student or any nurse entering a situation in which there is no prev
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
ious level of experience (e.g., an experienced operating room nurse chooses to now pra
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
ctice in home health) is an example of a novice nurse. A proficient nurse perceives a pa
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
tient’s clinical situation as a whole, is able to assess an entire situation, and can readily
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
EDtransfer knowledge gained from multiple previous experiences to a situation. A compet
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
ent nurse understands the organization and specific care required by the type of patient
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
s (e.g., surgical, oncology, or orthopedic patients). This nurse is a competent practitione
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
r who is able to anticipate nursing care and establish long-
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
range goals. A nurse who has had some level of experience with the situation is an ad
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
vanced beginner. This experience may only be observational in nature, but the nurse is
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED E
Dable to identify meaningful aspects or principles of nursing care.
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
DIF:Apply (application) ED
OBJ:Discuss the development of professional nursing roles.
ED ED ED ED ED ED
TOP: Evaluatio
ED
n MSC: Management of Care
ED E D ED ED
4. A nurse assesses a patient’s fluid status and decides that the patient needs to drink more
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
fluids. The nurse then encourages the patient to drink more fluids. Which concept is th
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
e nurse demonstrating?
ED ED
a. Licensure
b. Autonomy
c. Certification
d. Accountability
ANS: B ED
Autonomy is an essential element of professional nursing that involves the initiation of
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
independent nursing interventions without medical orders. To obtain licensure in the Un
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
ited States, the RN candidate must pass the NCLEX-RN. Beyond the NCLEX-
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
RN, the nurse may choose to work toward certification in a specific area of nursing pr
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
actice. Accountability means that you are responsible, professionally and legally, for the
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
type and quality of nursing care provided.
ED ED ED ED ED ED
DIF:Apply (application) ED
OBJ:Discuss the roles and career opportunities for nurses.
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
TOP: Implementatio
ED
n MSC: Management of Care
ED E D ED ED
5. A nurse prepares the budget and policies for an intensive care unit. Which role is the
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
ED nurse implementing?
ED
a. Educator
b. Manager
c. Advocate
d. Caregiver
ANS: B ED
, A manager coordinates the activities of members of the nursing staff in delivering nursi
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
ng care and has personnel, policy, and budgetary responsibility for a specific nursing u
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
nit or facility. As an educator, you explain concepts and facts about health, describe th
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
e reason for routine care activities, demonstrate procedures such as self-
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care activities, reinforce learning or patient behavior, and evaluate the patient’s progress
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED E
Din learning. As a patient advocate, you protect your patient’s human and legal rights an
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
d provide assistance in asserting these rights if the need arises. As a caregiver, you help
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
EDpatients maintain and regain health, manage disease and symptoms, and attain a maxi
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
mal level function and independence through the healing process.
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
DIF:Apply (application) ED
OBJ:Discuss the roles and career opportunities for nurses.
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
TOP: Implementatio ED
n MSC: Management of Care
ED E D ED ED
6. The nurse has been working in the clinical setting for several years as an advanced p
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
ractice nurse. However, the nurse has a strong desire to pursue research and theory dev
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
elopment. To fulfill this desire, which program should the nurse attend?
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a. Doctor of Nursing Science degree (DNSc)
ED ED ED ED ED
b. Doctor of Philosophy degree (PhD) ED ED ED ED
c. Doctor of Nursing Practice degree (DNP)
ED ED ED ED ED
d. Doctor in the Science of Nursing degree (DSN)
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
ANS: B ED
Some doctoral programs prepare nurses for more rigorous research and theory develop
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
ment and award the research-
ED ED ED ED
oriented Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in nursing. Professional doctoral programs in nursin
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
g (DSN or DNSc) prepare graduates to apply research findings to clinical nursing. The
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
DNP is a practice doctorate that prepares advanced practice nurses such as nurse practiti
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
oners.
DIF:Understand (comprehension) ED
OBJ:Compare and contrast the educational programs available for professional registered nurse
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
(RN) education. ED TOP: Teaching/Learning MSC: Management of Care E D E D ED ED
7. A nurse attends a workshop on current nursing issues provided by the American N
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
urses Association. Which type of education did the nurse receive?
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
a. Graduate education ED
b. Inservice education ED
c. Continuing education ED
d. Registered nurse education ED ED
ANS: C ED
Continuing education involves formal, organized educational programs offered by univer
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
sities, hospitals, state nurses associations, professional nursing organizations, and educati
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
onal and health care institutions. After obtaining a baccalaureate degree in nursing, you c
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
an pursue graduate education leading to a master’s or doctoral degree in any number of
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
graduate fields, including nursing. Inservice education programs are instruction or traini
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
ng provided by a health care facility or institution. Registered nurse education is the ed
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
ucation preparation for an individual intending to be an RN.
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
DIF:Apply (application) ED
OBJ:Compare and contrast the educational programs available for professional registered nurse (RN
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
)
ED ED ED
Potter: Fundamentals of Nursing, 11th Edition
ED ED ED ED ED
MULTIPLE CHOICE ED
1. Which nurse most likely kept records on sanitation techniques and the effects on health?
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
a. Florence Nightingale ED
b. Mary Nutting ED
c. Clara Barton ED
d. Lillian Wald ED
ANS: A ED
Nightingale was the first practicing nurse epidemiologist. Her statistical analyses connec
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
ted poor sanitation with cholera and dysentery. Mary Nutting, Clara Barton, and Lillian
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED E
DWald came after Nightingale, each contributing to the nursing profession in her own w
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
ay. Mary Nutting was instrumental in moving nursing education into universities. Clara
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
Barton founded the American Red Cross. Lillian Wald helped open the Henry Street Se
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
ttlement.
DIF:Understand (comprehension) ED
OBJ:Discuss the influence of social, historical, political, and economic changes on nursing practices.
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
TOP: Evaluation MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance ED ED ED ED
2. The nurse prescribes strategies and alternatives to attain expected outcome. Which standa
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
rd of nursing practice is the nurse following?
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
a. Assessment
b. Diagnosis
c. Planning
d. Implementation
ANS: C ED
In planning, the registered nurse develops a plan that prescribes strategies and alternativ
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
es to attain expected outcomes. During assessment, the registered nurse collects compre
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
hensive data pertinent to the patient’s health and/or the situation. In diagnosis, the regis
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
tered nurse analyzes the assessment data to determine the diagnoses or issues. During im
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
plementation, the registered nurse implements (carries out) the identified plan.
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
DIF:Understand (comprehension) ED
OBJ:Discuss the development of professional nursing roles.
ED ED ED ED ED ED
TOP: Plannin
ED
g MSC: Management of Care
ED E D ED ED
3. An experienced medical-
ED ED
surgical nurse chooses to work in obstetrics. Which level of proficiency is the
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
nurse upon initial transition to the obstetrical floor?
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
a. Novice
b. Proficient
c. Competent
d. Advanced beginner ED
ANS: A ED
, A beginning nursing student or any nurse entering a situation in which there is no prev
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
ious level of experience (e.g., an experienced operating room nurse chooses to now pra
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
ctice in home health) is an example of a novice nurse. A proficient nurse perceives a pa
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
tient’s clinical situation as a whole, is able to assess an entire situation, and can readily
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
EDtransfer knowledge gained from multiple previous experiences to a situation. A compet
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
ent nurse understands the organization and specific care required by the type of patient
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
s (e.g., surgical, oncology, or orthopedic patients). This nurse is a competent practitione
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
r who is able to anticipate nursing care and establish long-
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
range goals. A nurse who has had some level of experience with the situation is an ad
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
vanced beginner. This experience may only be observational in nature, but the nurse is
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED E
Dable to identify meaningful aspects or principles of nursing care.
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
DIF:Apply (application) ED
OBJ:Discuss the development of professional nursing roles.
ED ED ED ED ED ED
TOP: Evaluatio
ED
n MSC: Management of Care
ED E D ED ED
4. A nurse assesses a patient’s fluid status and decides that the patient needs to drink more
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
fluids. The nurse then encourages the patient to drink more fluids. Which concept is th
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
e nurse demonstrating?
ED ED
a. Licensure
b. Autonomy
c. Certification
d. Accountability
ANS: B ED
Autonomy is an essential element of professional nursing that involves the initiation of
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
independent nursing interventions without medical orders. To obtain licensure in the Un
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
ited States, the RN candidate must pass the NCLEX-RN. Beyond the NCLEX-
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
RN, the nurse may choose to work toward certification in a specific area of nursing pr
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
actice. Accountability means that you are responsible, professionally and legally, for the
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
type and quality of nursing care provided.
ED ED ED ED ED ED
DIF:Apply (application) ED
OBJ:Discuss the roles and career opportunities for nurses.
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
TOP: Implementatio
ED
n MSC: Management of Care
ED E D ED ED
5. A nurse prepares the budget and policies for an intensive care unit. Which role is the
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
ED nurse implementing?
ED
a. Educator
b. Manager
c. Advocate
d. Caregiver
ANS: B ED
, A manager coordinates the activities of members of the nursing staff in delivering nursi
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
ng care and has personnel, policy, and budgetary responsibility for a specific nursing u
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
nit or facility. As an educator, you explain concepts and facts about health, describe th
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
e reason for routine care activities, demonstrate procedures such as self-
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
care activities, reinforce learning or patient behavior, and evaluate the patient’s progress
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED E
Din learning. As a patient advocate, you protect your patient’s human and legal rights an
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
d provide assistance in asserting these rights if the need arises. As a caregiver, you help
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
EDpatients maintain and regain health, manage disease and symptoms, and attain a maxi
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
mal level function and independence through the healing process.
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
DIF:Apply (application) ED
OBJ:Discuss the roles and career opportunities for nurses.
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
TOP: Implementatio ED
n MSC: Management of Care
ED E D ED ED
6. The nurse has been working in the clinical setting for several years as an advanced p
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
ractice nurse. However, the nurse has a strong desire to pursue research and theory dev
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
elopment. To fulfill this desire, which program should the nurse attend?
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
a. Doctor of Nursing Science degree (DNSc)
ED ED ED ED ED
b. Doctor of Philosophy degree (PhD) ED ED ED ED
c. Doctor of Nursing Practice degree (DNP)
ED ED ED ED ED
d. Doctor in the Science of Nursing degree (DSN)
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
ANS: B ED
Some doctoral programs prepare nurses for more rigorous research and theory develop
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
ment and award the research-
ED ED ED ED
oriented Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in nursing. Professional doctoral programs in nursin
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
g (DSN or DNSc) prepare graduates to apply research findings to clinical nursing. The
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
DNP is a practice doctorate that prepares advanced practice nurses such as nurse practiti
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
oners.
DIF:Understand (comprehension) ED
OBJ:Compare and contrast the educational programs available for professional registered nurse
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
(RN) education. ED TOP: Teaching/Learning MSC: Management of Care E D E D ED ED
7. A nurse attends a workshop on current nursing issues provided by the American N
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
urses Association. Which type of education did the nurse receive?
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
a. Graduate education ED
b. Inservice education ED
c. Continuing education ED
d. Registered nurse education ED ED
ANS: C ED
Continuing education involves formal, organized educational programs offered by univer
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
sities, hospitals, state nurses associations, professional nursing organizations, and educati
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
onal and health care institutions. After obtaining a baccalaureate degree in nursing, you c
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
an pursue graduate education leading to a master’s or doctoral degree in any number of
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
graduate fields, including nursing. Inservice education programs are instruction or traini
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
ng provided by a health care facility or institution. Registered nurse education is the ed
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
ucation preparation for an individual intending to be an RN.
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
DIF:Apply (application) ED
OBJ:Compare and contrast the educational programs available for professional registered nurse (RN
ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED ED
)
