HESI + NGN Pharmacology Practice Exam (100
Questions)
🟦 PART I — NGN-STYLE CASE STUDIES (25 QUESTIONS)
=============================
📘 CASE STUDY 1 — HEART FAILURE (5 NGN QUESTIONS)
Patient:
72-year-old male with acute decompensated heart failure.
Meds: Furosemide IV, Lisinopril PO, Metoprolol succinate, Potassium chloride.
1. (Matrix — Expected vs Unexpected Findings)
Drag each assessment finding to the correct column.
Dizziness
Potassium 3.0 mEq/L
BP 162/92
Dry cough
HR 58 bpm
Expected: (Normal effects of meds)
Unexpected: (Adverse/complications)
Answer:
Expected: HR 58 bpm, Dry cough
Unexpected: K⁺ 3.0, BP 162/92, Dizziness
,HESI + NGN Pharmacology Practice Exam (100
Questions)
Rationale:
ACE inhibitors → dry cough (expected).
Beta-blockers → bradycardia (expected if mild).
Hypokalemia, hypertension, dizziness indicate problems.
2. (Multiple-response)
Which findings indicate furosemide is working?
A. Decreased crackles
B. Weight loss
C. K⁺ 2.9 mEq/L
D. BP 198/110
E. Increased urine output
Answer: A, B, E
Rationale: Diuretics improve breathing, promote diuresis, and reduce fluid
weight.
3. (Cloze — Fill-in trend)
,HESI + NGN Pharmacology Practice Exam (100
Questions)
Before next furosemide dose, the nurse should prioritize monitoring ______.
Answer: Potassium level
Rationale: Loop diuretics cause significant K⁺ loss → life-threatening
arrhythmias.
4. (Single-response)
Which statement indicates correct patient teaching?
A. “I will avoid foods high in potassium.”
B. “I may feel a little dizzy when standing.”
C. “I should stop metoprolol if my heart rate drops below 60.”
D. “ACE inhibitors may cause swelling of the ankles.”
Answer: B
Rationale: Orthostatic hypotension is expected with these meds.
5. (Priority)
Which symptom requires immediate action?
A. Fatigue
, HESI + NGN Pharmacology Practice Exam (100
Questions)
B. Nonproductive cough
C. Facial swelling
D. Mild dizziness
Answer: C
Rationale: Angioedema from ACE inhibitors is LIFE-THREATENING.
📘 CASE STUDY 2 — TYPE 1 DIABETES (5 QUESTIONS)
Patient:
21-year-old admitted with glucose 428 mg/dL.
Receiving regular insulin IV drip.
6. (Matrix)
Match insulin type to onset:
Regular insulin
NPH
Lispro
Onsets:
15 min
Questions)
🟦 PART I — NGN-STYLE CASE STUDIES (25 QUESTIONS)
=============================
📘 CASE STUDY 1 — HEART FAILURE (5 NGN QUESTIONS)
Patient:
72-year-old male with acute decompensated heart failure.
Meds: Furosemide IV, Lisinopril PO, Metoprolol succinate, Potassium chloride.
1. (Matrix — Expected vs Unexpected Findings)
Drag each assessment finding to the correct column.
Dizziness
Potassium 3.0 mEq/L
BP 162/92
Dry cough
HR 58 bpm
Expected: (Normal effects of meds)
Unexpected: (Adverse/complications)
Answer:
Expected: HR 58 bpm, Dry cough
Unexpected: K⁺ 3.0, BP 162/92, Dizziness
,HESI + NGN Pharmacology Practice Exam (100
Questions)
Rationale:
ACE inhibitors → dry cough (expected).
Beta-blockers → bradycardia (expected if mild).
Hypokalemia, hypertension, dizziness indicate problems.
2. (Multiple-response)
Which findings indicate furosemide is working?
A. Decreased crackles
B. Weight loss
C. K⁺ 2.9 mEq/L
D. BP 198/110
E. Increased urine output
Answer: A, B, E
Rationale: Diuretics improve breathing, promote diuresis, and reduce fluid
weight.
3. (Cloze — Fill-in trend)
,HESI + NGN Pharmacology Practice Exam (100
Questions)
Before next furosemide dose, the nurse should prioritize monitoring ______.
Answer: Potassium level
Rationale: Loop diuretics cause significant K⁺ loss → life-threatening
arrhythmias.
4. (Single-response)
Which statement indicates correct patient teaching?
A. “I will avoid foods high in potassium.”
B. “I may feel a little dizzy when standing.”
C. “I should stop metoprolol if my heart rate drops below 60.”
D. “ACE inhibitors may cause swelling of the ankles.”
Answer: B
Rationale: Orthostatic hypotension is expected with these meds.
5. (Priority)
Which symptom requires immediate action?
A. Fatigue
, HESI + NGN Pharmacology Practice Exam (100
Questions)
B. Nonproductive cough
C. Facial swelling
D. Mild dizziness
Answer: C
Rationale: Angioedema from ACE inhibitors is LIFE-THREATENING.
📘 CASE STUDY 2 — TYPE 1 DIABETES (5 QUESTIONS)
Patient:
21-year-old admitted with glucose 428 mg/dL.
Receiving regular insulin IV drip.
6. (Matrix)
Match insulin type to onset:
Regular insulin
NPH
Lispro
Onsets:
15 min
