OB Exam #2
Helps keep alveoli open, very important for baby's breathing
Surfactant -Prevents alveolar collapse (atelectasis)
-Preemies don't have enough of this
Bethamethasone Stimulates surfactant release for newborns
Respirations are initiated at birth from fluid filled to gaseous extrauterine
-Stimulates to cry
Respiratory adaptation of newborns
-30-60 breaths/min
-Irregular, shallow
Yes, normal in newborns if less than 15 seconds
Are short periods of apnea normal -Irregularity is normal
-More than 20 seconds require intervention
Best way to get fluid out of lungs Vaginal delivery helps push fluid out of lungs
Increases pulmonary blood flow
When breathing begins, it .... Which increases pressure in the left atrium
Causes foramen ovale to close
Opening between the 2 atria of the heart in
newborns
Foramen ovale
-Closes shortly after birth
, OB Exam #2
reduces blood flow to umbilical vein/arteries
The increase in O2...
which causes the ductus venosus to close
Connects the umbilical vein to the inferior vena
cava
Ductus venosus
-Closes within days
-Starts hepatic blood circulation
An increase in aortic pressure causes the ductus arteriosus (within 10-15 hrs after birth)
closure of...
Vessel that connects the pulmonary artery to
the aorta, bypassing the lungs
-Closes in newborns a few hours to 10-15 hours
Ductus arteriosus
after birth
-Becomes a ligament
-Initiates blood flow to extremities
1. Foramen ovale
Order of structures closing 2. Ductus venosus
3. Ductus arteriosus
-Catecholamines are released: Epi, norepinephrine, and dopamine
CV changes in newborn
-HR stabilizes to around 120-130 vs 110-160s
The placenta has 2 arteries and 1 vein
, OB Exam #2
-Liver is immature at birth
-Overabundance of RBCs causing yellow/orange pigmentation
Hepatic system
-Important to have BM so baby can excrete bili/RBCs through bowels
-Breastfeeding babies have a higher risk of jaundice
-Bruising
Jaundice in baby causes -Immaturity
-Not wanting to feed
Iron than breastmilk
Formula has more
-Can make babies constipated
Birth weight changes Lose 5-10% of birth weight within 1st week
Greenish black, tarry consistency
Meconium -Passed 12-24 hours of birth
-Tells you that GI system is normal
Yellow/gold, loose, stringy to pasty
Normal stool in breastfed babies
-Seedy and sour smelling
Yellow/yellow green, loose, pasty
-More likely to be formed earlier on
Normal stool in formula fed babies
-Foul milk smell/unpleasant odor
Helps keep alveoli open, very important for baby's breathing
Surfactant -Prevents alveolar collapse (atelectasis)
-Preemies don't have enough of this
Bethamethasone Stimulates surfactant release for newborns
Respirations are initiated at birth from fluid filled to gaseous extrauterine
-Stimulates to cry
Respiratory adaptation of newborns
-30-60 breaths/min
-Irregular, shallow
Yes, normal in newborns if less than 15 seconds
Are short periods of apnea normal -Irregularity is normal
-More than 20 seconds require intervention
Best way to get fluid out of lungs Vaginal delivery helps push fluid out of lungs
Increases pulmonary blood flow
When breathing begins, it .... Which increases pressure in the left atrium
Causes foramen ovale to close
Opening between the 2 atria of the heart in
newborns
Foramen ovale
-Closes shortly after birth
, OB Exam #2
reduces blood flow to umbilical vein/arteries
The increase in O2...
which causes the ductus venosus to close
Connects the umbilical vein to the inferior vena
cava
Ductus venosus
-Closes within days
-Starts hepatic blood circulation
An increase in aortic pressure causes the ductus arteriosus (within 10-15 hrs after birth)
closure of...
Vessel that connects the pulmonary artery to
the aorta, bypassing the lungs
-Closes in newborns a few hours to 10-15 hours
Ductus arteriosus
after birth
-Becomes a ligament
-Initiates blood flow to extremities
1. Foramen ovale
Order of structures closing 2. Ductus venosus
3. Ductus arteriosus
-Catecholamines are released: Epi, norepinephrine, and dopamine
CV changes in newborn
-HR stabilizes to around 120-130 vs 110-160s
The placenta has 2 arteries and 1 vein
, OB Exam #2
-Liver is immature at birth
-Overabundance of RBCs causing yellow/orange pigmentation
Hepatic system
-Important to have BM so baby can excrete bili/RBCs through bowels
-Breastfeeding babies have a higher risk of jaundice
-Bruising
Jaundice in baby causes -Immaturity
-Not wanting to feed
Iron than breastmilk
Formula has more
-Can make babies constipated
Birth weight changes Lose 5-10% of birth weight within 1st week
Greenish black, tarry consistency
Meconium -Passed 12-24 hours of birth
-Tells you that GI system is normal
Yellow/gold, loose, stringy to pasty
Normal stool in breastfed babies
-Seedy and sour smelling
Yellow/yellow green, loose, pasty
-More likely to be formed earlier on
Normal stool in formula fed babies
-Foul milk smell/unpleasant odor
