NSG 100 Ultimate Review 2025/2026: Organized Practice Questions with Detailed, Worked-Out Solutions

NSG 100 - NEWEST EXAM 4 2025/2026
WITH MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
AND DETAILED SOVLVED
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which brain structures influence bladder function - THE CORRECT
ANSWER-cerebral cortex

hypothalamus
thalamus
brain stem


capacity of bladder - THE CORRECT ANSWER-600-1000 mL
voids every 2 to 4 hours


factors affecting urinary elimination - THE CORRECT ANSWER-
developmental considerations
fluid and food intake
muscle tone
psychosocial factors
pathologic conditions
surgical and diagnostic procedures

,medications


developmental considerations- children- urinary elim - THE
CORRECT ANSWER-toilet training at 2 to 5 years old

enuresis-incontinence past age of toilet training
can be culturally dependent


effects on aging- urinary elim - THE CORRECT ANSWER--nocturia-
voiding at night
-increased frequency r/t decreased ability to concentrate urine
and decreased muscle tone
-urine retention and stasis- decreased bladder contractility-
increased UTI
-voluntary control affected by physical problems


is child ready to toilet train - THE CORRECT ANSWER--can child hold
urine for 2 hours
-can child recognize bladder fullness
-can child comm need to void
can they sit on toilet


Disease Conditions Affecting Urination - THE CORRECT ANSWER--DM
and neuro diseases such as MS
-BPH
-cognitive impairments (alzheimers) that affect voluntary
control

,-diseases that slow or hinder physical activity (arthritis- affect
ability to reach toilet and muscle tone)
-conditions that make it difficult to reach and use toilet
(parkinsons)
-end stage renal disease, uremic syndrome (affect volume load
and fluid/electrolyte balance)
-meds


diuretics - THE CORRECT ANSWER-prevent reabsorption of water and
certain electrolytes in tubules
increase production
increase frequency


cholinergic meds - THE CORRECT ANSWER-stimulate contraction of
detrusor muscle, producing urination


analgesics and tranquilizers - THE CORRECT ANSWER-suppress CNS,
diminish effectiveness of neural reflex
decrease awareness of need to void


Anti-cholinergics - THE CORRECT ANSWER-anti-spasmodic


anticoagulants- urine color - THE CORRECT ANSWER-make sure you
don't see red (blood)


diuretics- urine color - THE CORRECT ANSWER-result in pale yellow

, pyridium (analgesic) urine color - THE CORRECT ANSWER-orange-
orange red


elavil (antidepressant, B vitamins) urine color - THE CORRECT
ANSWER-shade of green



levodopa urine color - THE CORRECT ANSWER-brown or black urine


surgical procedures affect on urine - THE CORRECT ANSWER-
restriction of fluid intake lowers urine output (NPO status)
stress causes fluid retention (increased ADH= reabsorption and
retention of water)


diagnosic procedures affect on urine (IVP, cytoscopy) - THE
CORRECT ANSWER--restriction of fluid intake lowers urine output

-direct visualization causes localized trauma and edema; pts
may have difficulty voiding


Anesthetics/Analgesics and uringe - THE CORRECT ANSWER--slow
glomerulation filtration rates
-decrease urine output, decrease sensory inputs
-spinal anesthetics- risk of urinary retention


polyuria - THE CORRECT ANSWER--excessive production of urine
-can cause excessive fluid loss->intense thirst, dehydration,
weight loss