UVic Biol 334 - Plants & People - Final
Exam
Sappho, the Greek poetess, wrote 2500 years ago that the rose is what? - Answers-the Queen of the
Flowers.
What are roses used for? Name 3 of the possible 6. - Answers-1) Beauty
2) Smell
3) Fruits (rose-hips)
4) Rose oil
5) Medicinal properties
6) Rose petals
True or false, all roses have thorns? - Answers-False, all roses have prickles or bristles (more flexible
versions of prickles). Technically speaking, roses do not possess thorns which are modified branches, or
spines which are modified leaves.
The biggest rose in the world was planted in 1885 in Tombstone, Arizona. What types of rose is it? -
Answers-It is a Lady Banksia rose sent from Scotland to the wife of a mining engineer names Gee.
What is evolution? - Answers-Evolution is the change of heritable characteristics over time, only
operating at the species level.
Evolution is considered a numbers game, what does this mean? - Answers-Those who survive and
reproduce, versus those that fail to reproduce and therefore contribute to new numbers.
,What characteristics of individuals within a population allow natural selection to act? - Answers-
Differences in inherited characteristics of individuals within a population. This allows, under selective
conditions, for change as offspring survive and prosper or fail.
When it is said that a species has a past and perhaps a future, what characteristic of evolution is being
referred to? - Answers-That evolution is dynamic and unpredictable. It indicates that a species arose
from an ancestral species and may well, in time, either give rise to one or many species, or it may go
extinct.
What is the scientific name for the Dog Rose? - Answers-Rosa Canina L
What is the Kingdom, Order, Family, Genus, and Species of the Dog Rose? - Answers-Kingdom - Plantae
Order - Rosales
Family - Rosaceae
Genus - Rosa
Species - Rose canina L
What is the only level that evolution works at? - Answers-The species level.
Who introduced binomial nomenclature, the hierarchy of life by Latin binomial (two-part) names? -
Answers-a famously anal-retentive 18th century Swede, Carl von Linné, or as he is often referred to,
Linnaeus. Linnaeus was a latinization of his Swedish name.
What does the L behind the Dog Roses scientific name, Rosa Canina L, denote? - Answers-The L denotes
Linnaeus, who classified the Dog Rose. This denotation indicates whoever classified the organism.
What does a species name denote? - Answers-It means that all organisms that are given this name are
thought to be able to reproduce with one another.
,What does the genus name do denote? - Answers-It identifies that the species attached to it form a
natural group based on shared characteristics with other organisms. These generally are not considered
to reproduce with each other.
What is a "holotype" specimen? - Answers-A single type specimen upon which the description and name
of a new species is based.
What ancient belief is the idea of a holotype specimen based on? - Answers-Platonism, the Platonist
view, or idealist view, is that there is a typical specimen or individual that shows the typical
characteristics of that species. It represents the species ideal, which you can appreciate is a little bit like
vitalism. In short, an ideal representative of a species encompasses the essential "spieciesness", i.e. all
the typical characteristics of that species. The ideal representative is identified by an authority, that is a
human expert. This is called a "holotype" representative, because it is on the basis of this particular
plant that a species description depends.
Where is the holotype of the Dog Rose, Rosa Canina L, kept? - Answers-The rose holotype pressed by
Linnaeus is kept in the collection (HERBARIUM) in Uppsala University
Who did Linnaeus declared to be the holotype of humans? - Answers-It is, of course, a male Swede
buried in Uppsala Cathedral - Linnaeus himself.
How does reproduction work? - Answers-Simple - Male and female gametes are created that have equal
numbers of chromosomes, which have all the genes. Half of every male chromosome set comes
together with half of every female chromosome set during fertilization and the results are offspring that
have double set of genes.
What does speciation depend on? - Answers-Reproduction
Differing copies of a gene are called what? - Answers-Alleles
, Where do domestic roses come from? - Answers-Modern garden roses were artificially selected from a
number of wild roses.
If roses come from wild roses, how many species of wild roses are there and which ones where used to
breed the roses that you see in gardens? - Answers-There is still great confusion. Today, there are
thought to be 190 species in the genus Rosa. These species can be divided into 11 sections, of which 6
species are thought to have gave rise to most modern hybrids.
What is the species concept generally? - Answers-The concept of "species" facilitates the naming,
describing, and classifying of plants into a uniform manner. Often it is a history of record-keeping of
true-breeding species (A kind of breeding in which the parents with a particular phenotype produce
offspring only with the same phenotype).
What is meant when there are "synonyms" determining taxonomy and the number of species? -
Answers-We mean species that get looked at by experts and reassigned to new species.
What is the genetic level at which selection occurs? - Answers-Alleles can be selected over time and new
ones can arise.
Selection of alleles is evident when doing what? - Answers-DNA sequencing
What is the name of a Rose expert? - Answers-Rhodologist
Recent studies of Rose taxonomy has focused on the gene sequence of what gene? - Answers-The gene
sequences of GAPDH (glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase), an enzyme common to all these
roses.
What does monophyletic mean? - Answers-A taxon ( agroup of organisms) which consists of an ancestral
species and all its descendants.
Exam
Sappho, the Greek poetess, wrote 2500 years ago that the rose is what? - Answers-the Queen of the
Flowers.
What are roses used for? Name 3 of the possible 6. - Answers-1) Beauty
2) Smell
3) Fruits (rose-hips)
4) Rose oil
5) Medicinal properties
6) Rose petals
True or false, all roses have thorns? - Answers-False, all roses have prickles or bristles (more flexible
versions of prickles). Technically speaking, roses do not possess thorns which are modified branches, or
spines which are modified leaves.
The biggest rose in the world was planted in 1885 in Tombstone, Arizona. What types of rose is it? -
Answers-It is a Lady Banksia rose sent from Scotland to the wife of a mining engineer names Gee.
What is evolution? - Answers-Evolution is the change of heritable characteristics over time, only
operating at the species level.
Evolution is considered a numbers game, what does this mean? - Answers-Those who survive and
reproduce, versus those that fail to reproduce and therefore contribute to new numbers.
,What characteristics of individuals within a population allow natural selection to act? - Answers-
Differences in inherited characteristics of individuals within a population. This allows, under selective
conditions, for change as offspring survive and prosper or fail.
When it is said that a species has a past and perhaps a future, what characteristic of evolution is being
referred to? - Answers-That evolution is dynamic and unpredictable. It indicates that a species arose
from an ancestral species and may well, in time, either give rise to one or many species, or it may go
extinct.
What is the scientific name for the Dog Rose? - Answers-Rosa Canina L
What is the Kingdom, Order, Family, Genus, and Species of the Dog Rose? - Answers-Kingdom - Plantae
Order - Rosales
Family - Rosaceae
Genus - Rosa
Species - Rose canina L
What is the only level that evolution works at? - Answers-The species level.
Who introduced binomial nomenclature, the hierarchy of life by Latin binomial (two-part) names? -
Answers-a famously anal-retentive 18th century Swede, Carl von Linné, or as he is often referred to,
Linnaeus. Linnaeus was a latinization of his Swedish name.
What does the L behind the Dog Roses scientific name, Rosa Canina L, denote? - Answers-The L denotes
Linnaeus, who classified the Dog Rose. This denotation indicates whoever classified the organism.
What does a species name denote? - Answers-It means that all organisms that are given this name are
thought to be able to reproduce with one another.
,What does the genus name do denote? - Answers-It identifies that the species attached to it form a
natural group based on shared characteristics with other organisms. These generally are not considered
to reproduce with each other.
What is a "holotype" specimen? - Answers-A single type specimen upon which the description and name
of a new species is based.
What ancient belief is the idea of a holotype specimen based on? - Answers-Platonism, the Platonist
view, or idealist view, is that there is a typical specimen or individual that shows the typical
characteristics of that species. It represents the species ideal, which you can appreciate is a little bit like
vitalism. In short, an ideal representative of a species encompasses the essential "spieciesness", i.e. all
the typical characteristics of that species. The ideal representative is identified by an authority, that is a
human expert. This is called a "holotype" representative, because it is on the basis of this particular
plant that a species description depends.
Where is the holotype of the Dog Rose, Rosa Canina L, kept? - Answers-The rose holotype pressed by
Linnaeus is kept in the collection (HERBARIUM) in Uppsala University
Who did Linnaeus declared to be the holotype of humans? - Answers-It is, of course, a male Swede
buried in Uppsala Cathedral - Linnaeus himself.
How does reproduction work? - Answers-Simple - Male and female gametes are created that have equal
numbers of chromosomes, which have all the genes. Half of every male chromosome set comes
together with half of every female chromosome set during fertilization and the results are offspring that
have double set of genes.
What does speciation depend on? - Answers-Reproduction
Differing copies of a gene are called what? - Answers-Alleles
, Where do domestic roses come from? - Answers-Modern garden roses were artificially selected from a
number of wild roses.
If roses come from wild roses, how many species of wild roses are there and which ones where used to
breed the roses that you see in gardens? - Answers-There is still great confusion. Today, there are
thought to be 190 species in the genus Rosa. These species can be divided into 11 sections, of which 6
species are thought to have gave rise to most modern hybrids.
What is the species concept generally? - Answers-The concept of "species" facilitates the naming,
describing, and classifying of plants into a uniform manner. Often it is a history of record-keeping of
true-breeding species (A kind of breeding in which the parents with a particular phenotype produce
offspring only with the same phenotype).
What is meant when there are "synonyms" determining taxonomy and the number of species? -
Answers-We mean species that get looked at by experts and reassigned to new species.
What is the genetic level at which selection occurs? - Answers-Alleles can be selected over time and new
ones can arise.
Selection of alleles is evident when doing what? - Answers-DNA sequencing
What is the name of a Rose expert? - Answers-Rhodologist
Recent studies of Rose taxonomy has focused on the gene sequence of what gene? - Answers-The gene
sequences of GAPDH (glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase), an enzyme common to all these
roses.
What does monophyletic mean? - Answers-A taxon ( agroup of organisms) which consists of an ancestral
species and all its descendants.
