GCSU Microbiology
GCSU Microbiology Test 1 (BACHOON)
Exam Questions with Detailed Solutions 2026
Microbiology
the study of living things that individually are too small to be seen with the naked
eye
Who created the system of nomenclature?
Carolus Linnaeus (1735)
genus
the first name and is always CAPITALIZED
specific epithet
follows the genus and is not capitalized
Prokaryote
genetic material is not enclosed in a special nuclear membrane.
Which microorganisms are prokaryotes?
- bacteria
- archaea
Eukaryote
organism's who's cells have a distinct nucleus containing the cell's genetic material
(DNA), surrounded by a special envelope called the nuclear membrane.
Which microorganisms are eukaryotes?
GCSU Microbiology
,GCSU Microbiology
- fugi
- protozoa
- algae
Although animal parasites are not strictly microorganisms, they are also eukaryotic
Bacteria (ex. cell type, cell wall, reproduction, and nutrition?)
- unicellular
- cell walls contain peptidoglycan
- reproduce through binary fission (dividing into 2 equal cells)
- Acquire nutrients through organic chemicals (dead or living), or manufacture
their own by photosynthesis, or can derive nutrition from inorganic substances.
- move via flagella
Archaea
- unicellular
- cell walls lack peptidoglycan
- found in extreme environments (methanogens, extreme halophiles, extreme
thermophiles)
Fungi
- unicellular (yeasts) or multicellular (mushrooms)
- chitin in their cell walls
- reproduce sexually or asexually
- obtain nourishment by absorbing solutions of organic material from the
environment
Protozoa
GCSU Microbiology
, GCSU Microbiology
- unicellular
- move via pseudopods (aid in motility and phagocytosis), flagella, cillia
- live either as free entities or as parasites (derive nutrients from living hosts) or
absorb or ingest organic compounds from their environment.
- some are photosynthetic (Euglena)
- reproduce sexually or asexually
Algae
- unicellular
- cell walls composed of cellulose
- reproduce sexually or asexually
- photosynthesizers (they need light water and carbon dioxide for food and growth
but don't generally require organic compound from the environment)
- produce oxygen and carbohydrates that are utilized by other organisms (play
important role in the balance of nature)
Viruses
- acellular (not cellular)
- reproduce only by using cellular machinery of other organisms
- only considered living when they multiply within the host they infect (inert
outside living host)
- contains a core made up of only one type of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA)
- core surrounded by protein coat, sometimes encased by a lipid membrane
(envelope)
Animal Parasites
- multicellular
- parasitic worms (flatworms and roundworms "called helminths"
GCSU Microbiology
GCSU Microbiology Test 1 (BACHOON)
Exam Questions with Detailed Solutions 2026
Microbiology
the study of living things that individually are too small to be seen with the naked
eye
Who created the system of nomenclature?
Carolus Linnaeus (1735)
genus
the first name and is always CAPITALIZED
specific epithet
follows the genus and is not capitalized
Prokaryote
genetic material is not enclosed in a special nuclear membrane.
Which microorganisms are prokaryotes?
- bacteria
- archaea
Eukaryote
organism's who's cells have a distinct nucleus containing the cell's genetic material
(DNA), surrounded by a special envelope called the nuclear membrane.
Which microorganisms are eukaryotes?
GCSU Microbiology
,GCSU Microbiology
- fugi
- protozoa
- algae
Although animal parasites are not strictly microorganisms, they are also eukaryotic
Bacteria (ex. cell type, cell wall, reproduction, and nutrition?)
- unicellular
- cell walls contain peptidoglycan
- reproduce through binary fission (dividing into 2 equal cells)
- Acquire nutrients through organic chemicals (dead or living), or manufacture
their own by photosynthesis, or can derive nutrition from inorganic substances.
- move via flagella
Archaea
- unicellular
- cell walls lack peptidoglycan
- found in extreme environments (methanogens, extreme halophiles, extreme
thermophiles)
Fungi
- unicellular (yeasts) or multicellular (mushrooms)
- chitin in their cell walls
- reproduce sexually or asexually
- obtain nourishment by absorbing solutions of organic material from the
environment
Protozoa
GCSU Microbiology
, GCSU Microbiology
- unicellular
- move via pseudopods (aid in motility and phagocytosis), flagella, cillia
- live either as free entities or as parasites (derive nutrients from living hosts) or
absorb or ingest organic compounds from their environment.
- some are photosynthetic (Euglena)
- reproduce sexually or asexually
Algae
- unicellular
- cell walls composed of cellulose
- reproduce sexually or asexually
- photosynthesizers (they need light water and carbon dioxide for food and growth
but don't generally require organic compound from the environment)
- produce oxygen and carbohydrates that are utilized by other organisms (play
important role in the balance of nature)
Viruses
- acellular (not cellular)
- reproduce only by using cellular machinery of other organisms
- only considered living when they multiply within the host they infect (inert
outside living host)
- contains a core made up of only one type of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA)
- core surrounded by protein coat, sometimes encased by a lipid membrane
(envelope)
Animal Parasites
- multicellular
- parasitic worms (flatworms and roundworms "called helminths"
GCSU Microbiology
