,Chapter 01: Introduction to Imaging and Radiologic Sciences
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
Adler: Introduction to Radiologic and Imaging Sciences and Patient Care, 8th Edition
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
MULTIPLE CHOICE %@
1. The use of x-rays to create a medical image on patients is referred to as
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
a. electrocardiography.
b. radiography.
c. sonography.
d. magnetic resonance imaging. %@ %@
ANS: B %@%@
Radiography is the making of records of internal structures of the body by passage
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
of x-
%@ %@
rays or gamma rays through the body. These records or images are typically refer
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
red to as radiographs.
%@ %@ %@
REF: p. 4 %@
2. Particular care must be taken when using radiation for medical imaging. This is th
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
e result of radiation’s ability to create
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
in human tissue and possible biochemical cha %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
nges.
a. ionizations
b. radio waves %@
c. sound waves %@
d. thermal changes %@
ANS: A %@%@
Some forms of electromagnetic energy, including x-
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
rays, have the ability to ionize atoms in matter. These ionizations have the ability
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %
@to disrupt the composition of matter and are capable of disrupting life processes.
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %
@Special protection should be provided to prevent excessive exposure to ionizing r
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
adiation.
REF: p. 3 %@
3. In the diagnosis of patient disease states, physicians can select from an array of
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
medical diagnostic modalities. A few of these involve the use of ionizing energy
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
to create a medical image. If a physician is concerned about the use of ionizing
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
radiation, he or she may choose to order any of the following diagnostic modaliti
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
es EXCEPT%@
a. thermograms.
b. medical sonography. %@
c. radiography.
d. magnetic resonance imaging. %@ %@
ANS: C %@%@
Radiography involves the use of x- %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
rays for the production of medical images. Medical procedures such as thermogram
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
s, sonograms, and magnetic resonance scans use nonionizing energy forms and cons
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
equently do not produce ionizations in human tissue. They are regarded as nonioni
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
zing modalities for imaging and offer excellent alternatives to physicians concerned
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %
@about radiation exposure to patients.
%@ %@ %@ %@
, REF: % @ % @ pp. 3-4 %@
4. The Greek physician Hippocrates is regarded as the father of Western medicine.
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
All of the following choices represent his medical beliefs EXCEPT the
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
a. use of high ethical standards of conduct.
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
b. important medical value of sorcery and witchcraft.
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
c. importance of closely monitoring a patient’s condition and recovery.
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
d. value of diet and exercise and allowing nature to take its course in recovery.
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
ANS: B %@%@
The Hippocratic Corpus is writings that they emphasize rational and natural explana
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
tions for the treatment of disease and reject sorcery and magic. The Hippocratic o
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
ath still governs the ethical conduct of physicians today.
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
REF: p. 5 %@
5. Throughout the history of medicine, remarkable achievements have been recorded
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
. These events have led to our current understanding of the human organism a
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
nd disease. As this research continues, much of it will most likely focus on
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
a. proper sanitation and public health.
%@ %@ %@ %@
b. immunology and the development of vaccines. %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
c. germ theory and infection.
%@ %@ %@
d. human genes and genetic engineering.
%@ %@ %@ %@
ANS: D %@%@
Although the Human Genome Project is finished, analyses of the data will contin
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
ue for many years. The replacement of faulty genes through gene therapy offers p
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
romises of cures for a variety of hereditary diseases, and through genetic engineer
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
ing, important pharmaceuticals continue to be developed. Medical research will con
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
tinue to focus on the genetic code in all cells.
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
REF: p. 6 %@
6. Wilhelm C. Roentgen’s discovery of ―the x-
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
ray‖ is regarded as one of medicine’s most significant achievements. Although hi
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
s discovery was accidental, his early research was so thorough that no significant
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
%@findings have been added to his original theories. This in itself is a true tribute
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
%@to the brilliance of Roentgen as a scientist. One of the most famous early ima
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
ges he created was an x-ray image of his
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
a. colon.
b. laboratory assistant’s foot. %@ %@
c. wife’s hand. %@
d. kidneys.
ANS: C %@%@
November 8, 1895, is believed by historians to be the day that Roentgen created t
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
he famous image of the hand of his wife. Through his investigative methods, Ro
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
entgen identified the properties of x-rays.
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@
REF: p. 6 %@
, 7. A %@ valuable x-ray procedure used to diagnose a myocardial infarction is
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
a. mammography.
b. myelography.
c. arthrography.
d. coronary arteriography. %@
ANS: D %@%@
Coronary arteriography is an extremely valuable tool in diagnosing atherosclerosis,
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
which can block the coronary arteries and cause a heart attack (myocardial infarcti
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
on). By way of a special catheter with a balloon tip, effective treatment of athero
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
sclerosis is possible. This treatment of a blocked blood vessel is termed angioplast
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
y. Angioplasty is used to treat patients without having to use invasive open-
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
heart surgery.%@
REF: p. 8 %@
8. All of the following are true of the diagnostic procedure of mammography EXCEPT
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
a. it is very valuable for the detection of early breast cancers.
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
b. the procedures may be performed using a general radiographic machine.
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
c. radiographers need to be specially trained in order to perform mammography.
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
d. radiographers must be certified by the ARRT to qualify for the mamm
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
ography examination. %@
ANS: B %@%@
Special breast imaging centers have been built to accommodate the demand for ma
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
mmography procedures. Equipment and supplies, such as a specially designed x-
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
ray tube and high-resolution digital imaging detectors, are used to create high-
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
quality breast images. Mammography cannot be performed using general x-
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
ray equipment.
%@
REF: p. 8 %@
9. To study the blood vessels of the brain, kidneys, liver, and other organs, contrast
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
material is administered into these vessels by using
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
a. catheters.
b. stents.
c. balloons.
d. none of the above. %@ %@ %@
ANS: A %@%@
Angiography is the term for radiologic examination of the blood vessels after inje
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
ction of a contrast medium. Most often, the contrast material is injected through
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
a catheter, which can be directed to a variety of major arteries or veins for visu
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
alization of these structures.
%@ %@ %@
REF: p. 8 %@
10. Radiologic science continues to be one of the most exciting professions in me
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
dicine. An imaging modality that uses no ionizing radiation and the energy of
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %
@radio waves and magnetic fields is
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@
a. nuclear imaging. %@
b. thermography.
c. CVIT.
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
Adler: Introduction to Radiologic and Imaging Sciences and Patient Care, 8th Edition
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
MULTIPLE CHOICE %@
1. The use of x-rays to create a medical image on patients is referred to as
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
a. electrocardiography.
b. radiography.
c. sonography.
d. magnetic resonance imaging. %@ %@
ANS: B %@%@
Radiography is the making of records of internal structures of the body by passage
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
of x-
%@ %@
rays or gamma rays through the body. These records or images are typically refer
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
red to as radiographs.
%@ %@ %@
REF: p. 4 %@
2. Particular care must be taken when using radiation for medical imaging. This is th
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
e result of radiation’s ability to create
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
in human tissue and possible biochemical cha %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
nges.
a. ionizations
b. radio waves %@
c. sound waves %@
d. thermal changes %@
ANS: A %@%@
Some forms of electromagnetic energy, including x-
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
rays, have the ability to ionize atoms in matter. These ionizations have the ability
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %
@to disrupt the composition of matter and are capable of disrupting life processes.
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %
@Special protection should be provided to prevent excessive exposure to ionizing r
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
adiation.
REF: p. 3 %@
3. In the diagnosis of patient disease states, physicians can select from an array of
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
medical diagnostic modalities. A few of these involve the use of ionizing energy
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
to create a medical image. If a physician is concerned about the use of ionizing
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
radiation, he or she may choose to order any of the following diagnostic modaliti
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
es EXCEPT%@
a. thermograms.
b. medical sonography. %@
c. radiography.
d. magnetic resonance imaging. %@ %@
ANS: C %@%@
Radiography involves the use of x- %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
rays for the production of medical images. Medical procedures such as thermogram
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
s, sonograms, and magnetic resonance scans use nonionizing energy forms and cons
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
equently do not produce ionizations in human tissue. They are regarded as nonioni
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
zing modalities for imaging and offer excellent alternatives to physicians concerned
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %
@about radiation exposure to patients.
%@ %@ %@ %@
, REF: % @ % @ pp. 3-4 %@
4. The Greek physician Hippocrates is regarded as the father of Western medicine.
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
All of the following choices represent his medical beliefs EXCEPT the
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
a. use of high ethical standards of conduct.
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
b. important medical value of sorcery and witchcraft.
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
c. importance of closely monitoring a patient’s condition and recovery.
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
d. value of diet and exercise and allowing nature to take its course in recovery.
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
ANS: B %@%@
The Hippocratic Corpus is writings that they emphasize rational and natural explana
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
tions for the treatment of disease and reject sorcery and magic. The Hippocratic o
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
ath still governs the ethical conduct of physicians today.
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
REF: p. 5 %@
5. Throughout the history of medicine, remarkable achievements have been recorded
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
. These events have led to our current understanding of the human organism a
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
nd disease. As this research continues, much of it will most likely focus on
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
a. proper sanitation and public health.
%@ %@ %@ %@
b. immunology and the development of vaccines. %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
c. germ theory and infection.
%@ %@ %@
d. human genes and genetic engineering.
%@ %@ %@ %@
ANS: D %@%@
Although the Human Genome Project is finished, analyses of the data will contin
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
ue for many years. The replacement of faulty genes through gene therapy offers p
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
romises of cures for a variety of hereditary diseases, and through genetic engineer
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
ing, important pharmaceuticals continue to be developed. Medical research will con
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
tinue to focus on the genetic code in all cells.
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
REF: p. 6 %@
6. Wilhelm C. Roentgen’s discovery of ―the x-
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
ray‖ is regarded as one of medicine’s most significant achievements. Although hi
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
s discovery was accidental, his early research was so thorough that no significant
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
%@findings have been added to his original theories. This in itself is a true tribute
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
%@to the brilliance of Roentgen as a scientist. One of the most famous early ima
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
ges he created was an x-ray image of his
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
a. colon.
b. laboratory assistant’s foot. %@ %@
c. wife’s hand. %@
d. kidneys.
ANS: C %@%@
November 8, 1895, is believed by historians to be the day that Roentgen created t
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
he famous image of the hand of his wife. Through his investigative methods, Ro
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
entgen identified the properties of x-rays.
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@
REF: p. 6 %@
, 7. A %@ valuable x-ray procedure used to diagnose a myocardial infarction is
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
a. mammography.
b. myelography.
c. arthrography.
d. coronary arteriography. %@
ANS: D %@%@
Coronary arteriography is an extremely valuable tool in diagnosing atherosclerosis,
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
which can block the coronary arteries and cause a heart attack (myocardial infarcti
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
on). By way of a special catheter with a balloon tip, effective treatment of athero
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
sclerosis is possible. This treatment of a blocked blood vessel is termed angioplast
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
y. Angioplasty is used to treat patients without having to use invasive open-
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
heart surgery.%@
REF: p. 8 %@
8. All of the following are true of the diagnostic procedure of mammography EXCEPT
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
a. it is very valuable for the detection of early breast cancers.
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
b. the procedures may be performed using a general radiographic machine.
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
c. radiographers need to be specially trained in order to perform mammography.
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
d. radiographers must be certified by the ARRT to qualify for the mamm
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
ography examination. %@
ANS: B %@%@
Special breast imaging centers have been built to accommodate the demand for ma
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
mmography procedures. Equipment and supplies, such as a specially designed x-
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
ray tube and high-resolution digital imaging detectors, are used to create high-
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
quality breast images. Mammography cannot be performed using general x-
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
ray equipment.
%@
REF: p. 8 %@
9. To study the blood vessels of the brain, kidneys, liver, and other organs, contrast
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
material is administered into these vessels by using
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
a. catheters.
b. stents.
c. balloons.
d. none of the above. %@ %@ %@
ANS: A %@%@
Angiography is the term for radiologic examination of the blood vessels after inje
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
ction of a contrast medium. Most often, the contrast material is injected through
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
a catheter, which can be directed to a variety of major arteries or veins for visu
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
alization of these structures.
%@ %@ %@
REF: p. 8 %@
10. Radiologic science continues to be one of the most exciting professions in me
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@
dicine. An imaging modality that uses no ionizing radiation and the energy of
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %@ %
@radio waves and magnetic fields is
%@ %@ %@ %@ %@
a. nuclear imaging. %@
b. thermography.
c. CVIT.
