Test Bank Campbell Biology 9th Edition, All Chapters
Chapter 1: Introduction: Themes in the Study of Life
1. The process that transforms solar energy into chemical energy in the bonds of organic
molecules is:
a) Homeostasis
b) Evolution
c) Photosynthesis ✓
d) Metabolism
2. The fundamental unit of structure and function in living organisms is the:
a) Organelle
b) Cell ✓
c) Tissue
d) Molecule
Chapter 2: The Chemical Context of Life
3. Which of the following subatomic particles has a positive charge?
a) Proton ✓
b) Neutron
c) Electron
d) Isotope
4. A covalent bond is characterized by the:
a) Transfer of electrons from one atom to another
b) Attraction between oppositely charged ions
c) Sharing of a pair of valence electrons between atoms ✓
d) Attraction between a hydrogen and an electronegative atom
Chapter 3: Water and Life
5. The cohesion of water molecules at the surface of a body of water is known as:
a) Adhesion
b) Surface tension ✓
c) Heat of vaporization
d) Specific heat
6. A substance that increases the hydrogen ion (H⁺) concentration of a solution is a(n):
a) Acid ✓
, b) Base
c) Buffer
d) Salt
Chapter 4: Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life
7. The chemical group that acts as an acid is the:
a) Amino group
b) Carbonyl group
c) Carboxyl group ✓
d) Hydroxyl group
8. Molecules that are mirror images of each other and differ in shape due to an asymmetric
carbon are called:
a) Geometric isomers
b) Structural isomers
c) Enantiomers ✓
d) Isotopes
Chapter 5: The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules
9. Lactose, a disaccharide found in milk, is composed of:
a) Two glucose molecules
b) Glucose and fructose
c) Glucose and galactose ✓
d) Many glucose molecules
10. The level of protein structure that is determined by the sequence of amino acids is the:
a) Primary structure ✓
b) Secondary structure
c) Tertiary structure
d) Quaternary structure
Chapter 6: A Tour of the Cell
11. Which organelle is the primary site of ATP synthesis in eukaryotic cells?
a) Golgi apparatus
b) Lysosome
c) Mitochondrion ✓
d) Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
, 12. The theory that states mitochondria and chloroplasts were originally free-living
prokaryotes is the:
a) Fluid Mosaic Model
b) Endosymbiont Theory ✓
c) Induced Fit Model
d) Cell Theory
Chapter 7: Membrane Structure and Function
13. The model that describes the plasma membrane as a mosaic of components is the:
a) Endosymbiont model
b) Fluid mosaic model ✓
c) Induced fit model
d) Lock and key model
14. The movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane is called:
a) Active transport
b) Facilitated diffusion
c) Osmosis ✓
d) Dialysis
Chapter 8: An Introduction to Metabolism
15. The energy of motion is known as:
a) Potential energy
b) Kinetic energy ✓
c) Chemical energy
d) Free energy
16. The primary role of ATP in cellular metabolism is to:
a) Act as an enzyme
b) Store genetic information
c) Couple energy-releasing reactions to energy-requiring reactions ✓
d) Provide structural support
Chapter 9: Cellular Respiration and Fermentation
17. The final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain of aerobic respiration is:
a) NAD⁺
b) Water (H₂O)
, c) Oxygen (O₂) ✓
d) Pyruvate
18. In the absence of oxygen, yeast cells can obtain energy by:
a) Lactic acid fermentation
b) Alcoholic fermentation ✓
c) Oxidative phosphorylation
d) The Krebs cycle
Chapter 10: Photosynthesis
19. The light reactions of photosynthesis occur in the:
a) Stroma
b) Thylakoid membranes ✓
c) Cytoplasm
d) Inner mitochondrial membrane
20. The Calvin cycle directly requires the products of the light reactions:
a) Sugar and O₂
b) CO₂ and ATP
c) ATP and NADPH ✓
d) H₂O and NADP⁺
Chapter 11: Cell Communication
21. A signaling molecule that binds to a receptor is generally referred to as a:
a) Kinase
b) Ligand ✓
c) Transcriptional factor
d) Secondary messenger
22. The type of local signaling where a cell secretes a signal that affects neighboring cells is:
a) Endocrine signaling
b) Synaptic signaling
c) Paracrine signaling ✓
d) Autocrine signaling
Chapter 12: The Cell Cycle
23. The division of the cytoplasm is called:
a) Mitosis
b) Cytokinesis ✓
Chapter 1: Introduction: Themes in the Study of Life
1. The process that transforms solar energy into chemical energy in the bonds of organic
molecules is:
a) Homeostasis
b) Evolution
c) Photosynthesis ✓
d) Metabolism
2. The fundamental unit of structure and function in living organisms is the:
a) Organelle
b) Cell ✓
c) Tissue
d) Molecule
Chapter 2: The Chemical Context of Life
3. Which of the following subatomic particles has a positive charge?
a) Proton ✓
b) Neutron
c) Electron
d) Isotope
4. A covalent bond is characterized by the:
a) Transfer of electrons from one atom to another
b) Attraction between oppositely charged ions
c) Sharing of a pair of valence electrons between atoms ✓
d) Attraction between a hydrogen and an electronegative atom
Chapter 3: Water and Life
5. The cohesion of water molecules at the surface of a body of water is known as:
a) Adhesion
b) Surface tension ✓
c) Heat of vaporization
d) Specific heat
6. A substance that increases the hydrogen ion (H⁺) concentration of a solution is a(n):
a) Acid ✓
, b) Base
c) Buffer
d) Salt
Chapter 4: Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life
7. The chemical group that acts as an acid is the:
a) Amino group
b) Carbonyl group
c) Carboxyl group ✓
d) Hydroxyl group
8. Molecules that are mirror images of each other and differ in shape due to an asymmetric
carbon are called:
a) Geometric isomers
b) Structural isomers
c) Enantiomers ✓
d) Isotopes
Chapter 5: The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules
9. Lactose, a disaccharide found in milk, is composed of:
a) Two glucose molecules
b) Glucose and fructose
c) Glucose and galactose ✓
d) Many glucose molecules
10. The level of protein structure that is determined by the sequence of amino acids is the:
a) Primary structure ✓
b) Secondary structure
c) Tertiary structure
d) Quaternary structure
Chapter 6: A Tour of the Cell
11. Which organelle is the primary site of ATP synthesis in eukaryotic cells?
a) Golgi apparatus
b) Lysosome
c) Mitochondrion ✓
d) Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
, 12. The theory that states mitochondria and chloroplasts were originally free-living
prokaryotes is the:
a) Fluid Mosaic Model
b) Endosymbiont Theory ✓
c) Induced Fit Model
d) Cell Theory
Chapter 7: Membrane Structure and Function
13. The model that describes the plasma membrane as a mosaic of components is the:
a) Endosymbiont model
b) Fluid mosaic model ✓
c) Induced fit model
d) Lock and key model
14. The movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane is called:
a) Active transport
b) Facilitated diffusion
c) Osmosis ✓
d) Dialysis
Chapter 8: An Introduction to Metabolism
15. The energy of motion is known as:
a) Potential energy
b) Kinetic energy ✓
c) Chemical energy
d) Free energy
16. The primary role of ATP in cellular metabolism is to:
a) Act as an enzyme
b) Store genetic information
c) Couple energy-releasing reactions to energy-requiring reactions ✓
d) Provide structural support
Chapter 9: Cellular Respiration and Fermentation
17. The final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain of aerobic respiration is:
a) NAD⁺
b) Water (H₂O)
, c) Oxygen (O₂) ✓
d) Pyruvate
18. In the absence of oxygen, yeast cells can obtain energy by:
a) Lactic acid fermentation
b) Alcoholic fermentation ✓
c) Oxidative phosphorylation
d) The Krebs cycle
Chapter 10: Photosynthesis
19. The light reactions of photosynthesis occur in the:
a) Stroma
b) Thylakoid membranes ✓
c) Cytoplasm
d) Inner mitochondrial membrane
20. The Calvin cycle directly requires the products of the light reactions:
a) Sugar and O₂
b) CO₂ and ATP
c) ATP and NADPH ✓
d) H₂O and NADP⁺
Chapter 11: Cell Communication
21. A signaling molecule that binds to a receptor is generally referred to as a:
a) Kinase
b) Ligand ✓
c) Transcriptional factor
d) Secondary messenger
22. The type of local signaling where a cell secretes a signal that affects neighboring cells is:
a) Endocrine signaling
b) Synaptic signaling
c) Paracrine signaling ✓
d) Autocrine signaling
Chapter 12: The Cell Cycle
23. The division of the cytoplasm is called:
a) Mitosis
b) Cytokinesis ✓
