CCC2 Exam 2 Questions and Answers Already Passed
Normal PH - Answers 7.35-7.45
<7.35 Acid (less than 7.35)
>7.45 alkalosis (greater than 7.45)
Normal PaCO2 - Answers 35-45
Normal HCO3 - Answers 22-26
What are arterial blood gasses? - Answers -PH
-PACO2
-HCO3
What is acid-base balance? - Answers -necessary for homeostasis
-Maintanence of hydrogen ion concentration in the blood and tissue fluids, so the body
functions right
What makes bodily fluid acidic? - Answers -PH under 7.35
-More H+ ions= lower PH=acidic
-CNS depressor
What makes bodily fluid basic (alkalotic)? - Answers -PH over 7.45
-Less H+ ions= higher PH=alkaline
-CNS irritant
Which body systems regulate acid-base balance? - Answers -Buffers
-Respiratory system
-Renal system
Buffers (1st line of defense) - Answers Maintain PH by combining excess acids or bases
EX: bicarbonate, phosphate + protein
Respiratory system (2nd line of defense) - Answers Regulate carbon dioxide in the blood
-Responds within minutes
, Renal System (3rd line of defense) - Answers Absorbs or excretes acid and bases in response
to PH
-Response delayed, takes up to 24 hours
-produce bicarbonate to neutralize the blood
What is respiratory Acidosis? - Answers A drop in blood pH due to hypoventilation (too little
breathing) and a resulting accumulation of Co2.
-PH lower than 7.35
-CO2 is high
Common causes of respiratory acidosis? - Answers -Difficulty breathing
-Asthma
-COPD exacerbation
What is respiratory Alkalosis? - Answers High pH/ Low PaCO2 ,
High RR
hyperventilation
Common causes of respiratory alkalosis? - Answers -Hyperventilation
-Mechanical ventilation
What is Metabolic acidosis? - Answers Addition of an acid or loss of a base
PH less than 7.35, HCO3 less than 22
Common causes of metabolic acidosis? - Answers -GI issues
-High blood sugar (diabetes)
-Chronic diarrhea
-DKA
-Renal failure
-Shock
-Alcoholism
-Hyperkalemia
Normal PH - Answers 7.35-7.45
<7.35 Acid (less than 7.35)
>7.45 alkalosis (greater than 7.45)
Normal PaCO2 - Answers 35-45
Normal HCO3 - Answers 22-26
What are arterial blood gasses? - Answers -PH
-PACO2
-HCO3
What is acid-base balance? - Answers -necessary for homeostasis
-Maintanence of hydrogen ion concentration in the blood and tissue fluids, so the body
functions right
What makes bodily fluid acidic? - Answers -PH under 7.35
-More H+ ions= lower PH=acidic
-CNS depressor
What makes bodily fluid basic (alkalotic)? - Answers -PH over 7.45
-Less H+ ions= higher PH=alkaline
-CNS irritant
Which body systems regulate acid-base balance? - Answers -Buffers
-Respiratory system
-Renal system
Buffers (1st line of defense) - Answers Maintain PH by combining excess acids or bases
EX: bicarbonate, phosphate + protein
Respiratory system (2nd line of defense) - Answers Regulate carbon dioxide in the blood
-Responds within minutes
, Renal System (3rd line of defense) - Answers Absorbs or excretes acid and bases in response
to PH
-Response delayed, takes up to 24 hours
-produce bicarbonate to neutralize the blood
What is respiratory Acidosis? - Answers A drop in blood pH due to hypoventilation (too little
breathing) and a resulting accumulation of Co2.
-PH lower than 7.35
-CO2 is high
Common causes of respiratory acidosis? - Answers -Difficulty breathing
-Asthma
-COPD exacerbation
What is respiratory Alkalosis? - Answers High pH/ Low PaCO2 ,
High RR
hyperventilation
Common causes of respiratory alkalosis? - Answers -Hyperventilation
-Mechanical ventilation
What is Metabolic acidosis? - Answers Addition of an acid or loss of a base
PH less than 7.35, HCO3 less than 22
Common causes of metabolic acidosis? - Answers -GI issues
-High blood sugar (diabetes)
-Chronic diarrhea
-DKA
-Renal failure
-Shock
-Alcoholism
-Hyperkalemia
