EXAC - COST MANAGEMENT (CHOP 2.3.3)
What is an Area Cost Method (per m2/ft2)? - Answer -This method should be used in
pre-design stage, when providing general cost advice and for calculation of overall
project costs.
Which are the Area Cost Method (per m2/ft2) advantages? - Answer -- Concept of
"floor area" easily understood;
- Costs are straightforward to calculate;
- Historic cost information, expressed in these terms, is
available for many different building types.
Which are the Area Cost Method (per m2/ft2) disadvantages? - Answer -- Does not
account for unique conditions or special
construction;
- Is simplistic and can be misinterpreted.
Is Value Analysis or Value Engineering part of architectural scope of services? -
Answer -No. Sometimes a project will be subjected to value analysis or value
engineering. This service is not a Basic Service of the architect.
Which project delivery method is better suited for Value Engineering? - Answer -
Design-build. The aim of the design builder is to finish the construction with minimum
requirements to satisfy the time of delivery.
What are the possible outcome of Value Engineering? - Answer -This approach can
sometimes result in the substitution of inferior or inappropriate products simply because
they are cheaper, however this is not true value engineering but rather cost-cutting. In
these circumstances, the architect must be informed and given the opportunity to advise
the owner on the consequences of the proposed changes.
Which design stage the Value Analysis should be done? - Answer -Earlier stages such
Pre-design and Schematic Design.
What does a successful Cost Estimation method depends on? - Answer -- The
reliability of the raw historic data;
- The ability to adjust the data to suit the characteristics of the new project and to market
conditions;
- The similarity of the new project in as many ways as possible to the examples from
which data are available;
- The extent to which the analysis is broken down into a large number of small
components, instead of a few large unit headings.
Which stage of a project a Class D (Cost Estimation Method) is used? - Answer -During
Functional Programming.
, Based on:
1. Functional program and historic data;
2. Adjusted to take into account assumptions regarding inflation, location, risk, quality,
size and project timing;
3. A rough order of magnitude.
Which stage of a project a Class C (Cost Estimation Method) is used? - Answer -During
Schematic Design. It is
prepared at an early stage in the project, when drawings are preliminary in nature.
Based on:
1. Type of construction;
2. Quantities of materials;
3. Includes all assumptions or qualifications to the estimate;
4. Includes a relatively large design contingency allowance which is used to provide for
changes in scope and because information is more limited.
Which stage of a project a Class B (Cost Estimation Method) is used? - Answer -During
Design Development.
The estimating process is repeated when additional specification and drawing
information becomes available, using an expanded format under the original headings.
The reduction in uncertainty made possible by better information from the design team
allows for a reduced design contingency allowance.
Which stage of a project a Class A (Cost Estimation Method) is used? - Answer -During
Construction Documentation.
As the construction documents become more complete, the process continues and the
contingency allowance is reduced further.
Which are some Class A (Cost Estimation Method) advantages? - Answer -1. The most
reliable method if undertaken carefully from the start;
2. Well-suited when cost advice is being supplied to the architect by
contractor/construction managers and suppliers;
3. The information stays current and relevant throughout pre-construction;
4. Project leaders can build up a history of, and the knowledge and skills for, cost
estimating — especially if building projects are similar within the architectural practice.
Which are some Class A (Cost Estimation Method) disadvantages? - Answer -1.
Requires an estimator with both design and construction experience;
2. Requires the ability to foresee all the typical trades needed to complete the building.
How is the stage on a construction on a Class A (Cost Estimation Method)? - Answer -
The drawings are being finalized for construction, most of the details and information on
the project has been finalized. The specification are finalized.
What is an Area Cost Method (per m2/ft2)? - Answer -This method should be used in
pre-design stage, when providing general cost advice and for calculation of overall
project costs.
Which are the Area Cost Method (per m2/ft2) advantages? - Answer -- Concept of
"floor area" easily understood;
- Costs are straightforward to calculate;
- Historic cost information, expressed in these terms, is
available for many different building types.
Which are the Area Cost Method (per m2/ft2) disadvantages? - Answer -- Does not
account for unique conditions or special
construction;
- Is simplistic and can be misinterpreted.
Is Value Analysis or Value Engineering part of architectural scope of services? -
Answer -No. Sometimes a project will be subjected to value analysis or value
engineering. This service is not a Basic Service of the architect.
Which project delivery method is better suited for Value Engineering? - Answer -
Design-build. The aim of the design builder is to finish the construction with minimum
requirements to satisfy the time of delivery.
What are the possible outcome of Value Engineering? - Answer -This approach can
sometimes result in the substitution of inferior or inappropriate products simply because
they are cheaper, however this is not true value engineering but rather cost-cutting. In
these circumstances, the architect must be informed and given the opportunity to advise
the owner on the consequences of the proposed changes.
Which design stage the Value Analysis should be done? - Answer -Earlier stages such
Pre-design and Schematic Design.
What does a successful Cost Estimation method depends on? - Answer -- The
reliability of the raw historic data;
- The ability to adjust the data to suit the characteristics of the new project and to market
conditions;
- The similarity of the new project in as many ways as possible to the examples from
which data are available;
- The extent to which the analysis is broken down into a large number of small
components, instead of a few large unit headings.
Which stage of a project a Class D (Cost Estimation Method) is used? - Answer -During
Functional Programming.
, Based on:
1. Functional program and historic data;
2. Adjusted to take into account assumptions regarding inflation, location, risk, quality,
size and project timing;
3. A rough order of magnitude.
Which stage of a project a Class C (Cost Estimation Method) is used? - Answer -During
Schematic Design. It is
prepared at an early stage in the project, when drawings are preliminary in nature.
Based on:
1. Type of construction;
2. Quantities of materials;
3. Includes all assumptions or qualifications to the estimate;
4. Includes a relatively large design contingency allowance which is used to provide for
changes in scope and because information is more limited.
Which stage of a project a Class B (Cost Estimation Method) is used? - Answer -During
Design Development.
The estimating process is repeated when additional specification and drawing
information becomes available, using an expanded format under the original headings.
The reduction in uncertainty made possible by better information from the design team
allows for a reduced design contingency allowance.
Which stage of a project a Class A (Cost Estimation Method) is used? - Answer -During
Construction Documentation.
As the construction documents become more complete, the process continues and the
contingency allowance is reduced further.
Which are some Class A (Cost Estimation Method) advantages? - Answer -1. The most
reliable method if undertaken carefully from the start;
2. Well-suited when cost advice is being supplied to the architect by
contractor/construction managers and suppliers;
3. The information stays current and relevant throughout pre-construction;
4. Project leaders can build up a history of, and the knowledge and skills for, cost
estimating — especially if building projects are similar within the architectural practice.
Which are some Class A (Cost Estimation Method) disadvantages? - Answer -1.
Requires an estimator with both design and construction experience;
2. Requires the ability to foresee all the typical trades needed to complete the building.
How is the stage on a construction on a Class A (Cost Estimation Method)? - Answer -
The drawings are being finalized for construction, most of the details and information on
the project has been finalized. The specification are finalized.
