SPCE 630 PRACTICE EXAM 1 QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS
_____________________ helps us to suggest a hypothesis or research question and
scientists systematically observe a particular phenomenon and accurately describe their
observation. - Answer -Description
Which level of scientific understanding refers to reliable change produced by change in
the independent variable? - Answer -Control
Which level of scientific understanding refers to observing the correlation between two
variables? - Answer -Prediction
Single case research design differs from group design in that the participants serve as
their own ______________ - Answer -control group
_______________________ are:
-a primary source
-authors conducted an original study
-report data - Answer -Research papers
Research papers include: - Answer -Abstract
intro
methods
results
discussion
_____________________ are:
-secondary sources
-summary of findings of other researchers
-useful for understanding topics - Answer -review articles
_______________ are:
-similar to review articles
-looks at existing research, but with statistical analysis combining results of many
different research articles. - Answer -meta-analysis
Articles in which researchers report the findings of original research are: - Answer -
primary research
Articles in which the authors summarize the findings of other researchers are: - Answer
-review articles
Variables manipulated by researchers are known as: - Answer -independent variables
, ____________ refers to the exclusive focus on the behavior of the individual or case.
and is used in single subject research designs. - Answer -Idiographic
________________ refers to the focus on many cases to find generalizable laws and is
used in group research designs. - Answer -Nomothetic
Well-designed applied research studies should: - Answer -Include systematic study of
behaviors in typical environments.
The committee responsible for examining proposed studies to ensure human participant
safety and ethical compliance is the: - Answer -Institutional Review Board
Respect for persons, beneficence and justice are ethical principles outlined in the
_____________________. - Answer -Belmont Report
The same level of risk a participant would encounter in daily life is
______________________. - Answer -minimal risk
___________________ refers to maximizing potential benefits while minimizing
potential harm. - Answer -Beneficence
Articulating what is known/unknown about a topic, improving plans for future studies
and building a foundation and rationale for a study are all
________________________. - Answer -functions of a literature review
The _______________ section of a research article provides a detailed operation
description of how the study was conducted. - Answer -methods
The relevance of a study's data is outlined in the ___________________. - Answer -
Discussion
_____________________ recording provides a sample of behavior and an estimate of
the occurrences. - Answer -discontinuous
When using ___________________________ occurences of the behavior are recorded
if they happen at the end of the interval. - Answer -Momentary time sampling.
Observer bias, error, and observer drift are all examples of low _________. - Answer -
IOA
_______________ tends to underestimate behavior occurences. - Answer -Whole
interval recording
_______________________- refers to whether or not the measurement procedures
accurately reflect the target behavior being measured. - Answer -construct validity
ANSWERS
_____________________ helps us to suggest a hypothesis or research question and
scientists systematically observe a particular phenomenon and accurately describe their
observation. - Answer -Description
Which level of scientific understanding refers to reliable change produced by change in
the independent variable? - Answer -Control
Which level of scientific understanding refers to observing the correlation between two
variables? - Answer -Prediction
Single case research design differs from group design in that the participants serve as
their own ______________ - Answer -control group
_______________________ are:
-a primary source
-authors conducted an original study
-report data - Answer -Research papers
Research papers include: - Answer -Abstract
intro
methods
results
discussion
_____________________ are:
-secondary sources
-summary of findings of other researchers
-useful for understanding topics - Answer -review articles
_______________ are:
-similar to review articles
-looks at existing research, but with statistical analysis combining results of many
different research articles. - Answer -meta-analysis
Articles in which researchers report the findings of original research are: - Answer -
primary research
Articles in which the authors summarize the findings of other researchers are: - Answer
-review articles
Variables manipulated by researchers are known as: - Answer -independent variables
, ____________ refers to the exclusive focus on the behavior of the individual or case.
and is used in single subject research designs. - Answer -Idiographic
________________ refers to the focus on many cases to find generalizable laws and is
used in group research designs. - Answer -Nomothetic
Well-designed applied research studies should: - Answer -Include systematic study of
behaviors in typical environments.
The committee responsible for examining proposed studies to ensure human participant
safety and ethical compliance is the: - Answer -Institutional Review Board
Respect for persons, beneficence and justice are ethical principles outlined in the
_____________________. - Answer -Belmont Report
The same level of risk a participant would encounter in daily life is
______________________. - Answer -minimal risk
___________________ refers to maximizing potential benefits while minimizing
potential harm. - Answer -Beneficence
Articulating what is known/unknown about a topic, improving plans for future studies
and building a foundation and rationale for a study are all
________________________. - Answer -functions of a literature review
The _______________ section of a research article provides a detailed operation
description of how the study was conducted. - Answer -methods
The relevance of a study's data is outlined in the ___________________. - Answer -
Discussion
_____________________ recording provides a sample of behavior and an estimate of
the occurrences. - Answer -discontinuous
When using ___________________________ occurences of the behavior are recorded
if they happen at the end of the interval. - Answer -Momentary time sampling.
Observer bias, error, and observer drift are all examples of low _________. - Answer -
IOA
_______________ tends to underestimate behavior occurences. - Answer -Whole
interval recording
_______________________- refers to whether or not the measurement procedures
accurately reflect the target behavior being measured. - Answer -construct validity
