NAPSR/CNPR EXAM STUDY GUIDE
2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS ||
100% GUARANTEED PASS
<RECENT VERSION>
1. what does a STAT order mean? - ANSWER ✔ a drug needed immediately
and given only once
2. what information does the overdosage section of the labeling provide? -
ANSWER ✔ signs, symptoms and treatment of acute overdoses
3. types of drug-drug interactions: - ANSWER ✔ duplication, opposition
(antagonism) and alteration (p.51)
4. tolerance vs resistance - ANSWER ✔ tolerance is the diminished response
to a drug; resistance is the cells ability to resist the effects of the drug on
them.
5. abbreviated new drug application (ANDA) - ANSWER ✔ the process by
which applicants must scientifically demonstrate to the FDA that their
generic product is bioequivalent to or performs in the same way as the
innovator drug, no duplicate testing (p. 75)
,6. the Hatch-Waxman Act of 1984 - ANSWER ✔ -A.K.A. Drug Price
Competition and Patent Restoration Act
-made it easier to bring generic drugs to the market by requiring the FDA to
only look at bioavailability studies in order to approve an ANDA.
-gave protection to the research based manufacturers by providing a 30-month
automatic cooling off period once an ANDA is challenged for patent
infringement (p. 75)
7. four basic transport mechanisms - ANSWER ✔ passive diffusion, facilitated
diffusion, active transport, and pinocytosis (p. 95)
8. potency vs efficacy - ANSWER ✔ potency: amount of drug necessary to
produce desired effect
efficacy: magnitude of maximal response that can be received from a drug
*efficacy is almost always more important that potency* (p. 106)
9. the four phases of clinical trials - ANSWER ✔ phases I-IV (P. 124-126)
10.Key Parts Of A Clinical Paper (5) - ANSWER ✔ Abstract, Introduction,
methods, results, discussion/conclusions (p. 128-129)
11.reliability vs validity - ANSWER ✔ reliability = consistency and validity =
accuracy
(p. 138; 143)
12.Pharma companies must submit extensive data to the FDA demonstrating
the safety and effectiveness of new drugs before receiving approval for sale.
- ANSWER ✔ True
,13.Average review time for a new drug - ANSWER ✔ 18 months
14.Sales Team - ANSWER ✔ Pg 7
15.The "engine of innovation," focused on discovering or inventing promising
new product. - ANSWER ✔ Research & Development
16.This includes supply chain, manufacturing, trade, and distribution functions
of the business. - ANSWER ✔ Manufacturing & Operations
17.In 2012, FDA regulators approved 39 new drugs for use in the U.S. -
ANSWER ✔ True
18.3,070 new meds are in development for cancer. - ANSWER ✔ True
19.Define Off-label - ANSWER ✔ Usage of a medication for purposes other
than the specific ones appearing on the label
20.Toxicity - ANSWER ✔ The extent, quality, or degree to which a substance
is poisonous or harmful to the body
21.Institutional review Board (IRB) - ANSWER ✔ A committee of physicians,
staticians, community advocated, and others which ensure that a clinical trial
is ethical and that the rights of the study participants are protected. All
clinical trials must be approved by an IRB before they begin.
, 22.Placebo - ANSWER ✔ Inactive pill, liquid, or powder that has no treatment
value aka sugar pill
23.Edema - ANSWER ✔ Swelling
24.Asymptomatic - ANSWER ✔ Without signs or symptoms
25.Clinical Pharmacology - ANSWER ✔ The study of the effects and
movement of drugs in the human body
26.Anatomy - ANSWER ✔ The study of basic structures of the body
27.Physiology - ANSWER ✔ The study of how those body structures function
28.Basic clinical pharmacology involves 3 main concepts - ANSWER ✔
Pharmacodynamics, Pharmacokinetics, drug distribution and elimination.
29.Pharmacodynamics - ANSWER ✔ Study of the biochemical and
physiological effects of drugs and their mechanisms of action i.e. the study
of what a drug does to the body. It describes the therapeutic effects of drugs
(pain relief, blood pressure reduction, their side effects and their sites of
action.
30.Pharmacokinetics - ANSWER ✔ Study of how a drug is processed by the
body, with emphasis on the time required for absorption, duration of action,
distribution, and method of excretion. The study of how the body affects
drugs.
2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS ||
100% GUARANTEED PASS
<RECENT VERSION>
1. what does a STAT order mean? - ANSWER ✔ a drug needed immediately
and given only once
2. what information does the overdosage section of the labeling provide? -
ANSWER ✔ signs, symptoms and treatment of acute overdoses
3. types of drug-drug interactions: - ANSWER ✔ duplication, opposition
(antagonism) and alteration (p.51)
4. tolerance vs resistance - ANSWER ✔ tolerance is the diminished response
to a drug; resistance is the cells ability to resist the effects of the drug on
them.
5. abbreviated new drug application (ANDA) - ANSWER ✔ the process by
which applicants must scientifically demonstrate to the FDA that their
generic product is bioequivalent to or performs in the same way as the
innovator drug, no duplicate testing (p. 75)
,6. the Hatch-Waxman Act of 1984 - ANSWER ✔ -A.K.A. Drug Price
Competition and Patent Restoration Act
-made it easier to bring generic drugs to the market by requiring the FDA to
only look at bioavailability studies in order to approve an ANDA.
-gave protection to the research based manufacturers by providing a 30-month
automatic cooling off period once an ANDA is challenged for patent
infringement (p. 75)
7. four basic transport mechanisms - ANSWER ✔ passive diffusion, facilitated
diffusion, active transport, and pinocytosis (p. 95)
8. potency vs efficacy - ANSWER ✔ potency: amount of drug necessary to
produce desired effect
efficacy: magnitude of maximal response that can be received from a drug
*efficacy is almost always more important that potency* (p. 106)
9. the four phases of clinical trials - ANSWER ✔ phases I-IV (P. 124-126)
10.Key Parts Of A Clinical Paper (5) - ANSWER ✔ Abstract, Introduction,
methods, results, discussion/conclusions (p. 128-129)
11.reliability vs validity - ANSWER ✔ reliability = consistency and validity =
accuracy
(p. 138; 143)
12.Pharma companies must submit extensive data to the FDA demonstrating
the safety and effectiveness of new drugs before receiving approval for sale.
- ANSWER ✔ True
,13.Average review time for a new drug - ANSWER ✔ 18 months
14.Sales Team - ANSWER ✔ Pg 7
15.The "engine of innovation," focused on discovering or inventing promising
new product. - ANSWER ✔ Research & Development
16.This includes supply chain, manufacturing, trade, and distribution functions
of the business. - ANSWER ✔ Manufacturing & Operations
17.In 2012, FDA regulators approved 39 new drugs for use in the U.S. -
ANSWER ✔ True
18.3,070 new meds are in development for cancer. - ANSWER ✔ True
19.Define Off-label - ANSWER ✔ Usage of a medication for purposes other
than the specific ones appearing on the label
20.Toxicity - ANSWER ✔ The extent, quality, or degree to which a substance
is poisonous or harmful to the body
21.Institutional review Board (IRB) - ANSWER ✔ A committee of physicians,
staticians, community advocated, and others which ensure that a clinical trial
is ethical and that the rights of the study participants are protected. All
clinical trials must be approved by an IRB before they begin.
, 22.Placebo - ANSWER ✔ Inactive pill, liquid, or powder that has no treatment
value aka sugar pill
23.Edema - ANSWER ✔ Swelling
24.Asymptomatic - ANSWER ✔ Without signs or symptoms
25.Clinical Pharmacology - ANSWER ✔ The study of the effects and
movement of drugs in the human body
26.Anatomy - ANSWER ✔ The study of basic structures of the body
27.Physiology - ANSWER ✔ The study of how those body structures function
28.Basic clinical pharmacology involves 3 main concepts - ANSWER ✔
Pharmacodynamics, Pharmacokinetics, drug distribution and elimination.
29.Pharmacodynamics - ANSWER ✔ Study of the biochemical and
physiological effects of drugs and their mechanisms of action i.e. the study
of what a drug does to the body. It describes the therapeutic effects of drugs
(pain relief, blood pressure reduction, their side effects and their sites of
action.
30.Pharmacokinetics - ANSWER ✔ Study of how a drug is processed by the
body, with emphasis on the time required for absorption, duration of action,
distribution, and method of excretion. The study of how the body affects
drugs.
