BIO 161 PSU Exam 3
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_b8zllp
1. Where are neurotransmitters syn- - cell body
thesized? - axon terminal in vesicles
Where are they transported to - microtubules
and in what?
What cell structure do they use to
help transport?
2. pre-synaptic neuron a neuron that delivers a signal to a synapse
3. post-synaptic neuron the neuron on the receiving end of the synapse
4. When does secretion occur? When an action potential reaches the end of the axon
5. What steps follow the depolariza- 1. voltage-gated calcium channels open
tion of neuron at axon terminal in 2. Calcium binds to vesicles and causes the vesicle to
secretion release neurotransmitters into the synapse.
3. Vesicles are recycled and can be refilled with neuro-
transmitters
4. Neurotransmitters bind to chemical-gated ion channels
in the postsynaptic neuron cell membrane.
a. Some chemical-gated ion channels are for sodium and
some are for potassium.
5. Binding of neurotransmitters results in the movement
of ions into or out of the postsynaptic cell.
a. Movement of ions can be excitatory (if sodium chemi-
cal-gated channels bind the
neurotransmitter) or inhibitory (if potassium chemi-
cal-gated channels bind the neurotransmitter)
6. What is secretion? Process of converting the electrical signaled the presynap-
tic neuron to a chemical signal in the synapse and then
back to an electrical signal in the post synaptic neuron
, BIO 161 PSU Exam 3
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_b8zllp
7. Neurotransmitters released from B) chemical gated
a presynaptic cell bind to
__________ protein channels locat-
ed in the membrane of the post-
synaptic cell
A) voltage gated
B) chemical gated
C) A + B
D) mechanical gated
E) all of the above
8. What is summation? sum of all local potential changes at the synapses of a
postsynaptic cell
9. excitatory postsynaptic potential neurotransmitters cause depolarization of postsynaptic
(EPSP) neuron
10. inhibitory postsynaptic potential neurotransmitters cause hyperpolarization of postsynap-
(IPSP) tic neuron
11. what channels would open in A) Sodium chemical-gated
a postsynaptic cells during EPSP
(before threshold is reached)?
A) Sodium chemical-gated
B) Potassium voltage-gated
C) Sodium voltage-gated
D) Potassium chemical-gated
12. At one postsynaptic neuron, the A) Yes
total EPSP change from RMP is
+45mV and the total IPSP change
from RMP is -15mV. Will an action
potential be triggered? Assume
, BIO 161 PSU Exam 3
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_b8zllp
RMP equals -70mV and threshold
is -55mV.
A) Yes
B) No
13. How does the brain detect the frequency of action potentials is interpreted in the brain
strength of a stimulus? as the strength of the stimulus (stronger stimulus = more
action potential)
14. What are the THREE major re- Hindbrain
gions of the brain? Midbrain
Forebrain
15. Function of the hindbrain and - movement
what sections of the brain com- - primitive responses common to all animals (hear rate,
prise it breath rate)
- cerebellum, pons, medulla
16. Function of the midbrain - specialized
- integrates information from special senses and move-
ment
17. Function of the forebrain and - most specialized in brain
what sections of the comprise it - integrates information to help regulate complex organ
systems
- integrates conscious thought
- cerebrum and diencephalon
18. What are the SIX major regions of 1. cerebrum
the brain 2. cerebellum
- what regions make up the brain 3. diencephalon
stem 4. midbrain
5. pons
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_b8zllp
1. Where are neurotransmitters syn- - cell body
thesized? - axon terminal in vesicles
Where are they transported to - microtubules
and in what?
What cell structure do they use to
help transport?
2. pre-synaptic neuron a neuron that delivers a signal to a synapse
3. post-synaptic neuron the neuron on the receiving end of the synapse
4. When does secretion occur? When an action potential reaches the end of the axon
5. What steps follow the depolariza- 1. voltage-gated calcium channels open
tion of neuron at axon terminal in 2. Calcium binds to vesicles and causes the vesicle to
secretion release neurotransmitters into the synapse.
3. Vesicles are recycled and can be refilled with neuro-
transmitters
4. Neurotransmitters bind to chemical-gated ion channels
in the postsynaptic neuron cell membrane.
a. Some chemical-gated ion channels are for sodium and
some are for potassium.
5. Binding of neurotransmitters results in the movement
of ions into or out of the postsynaptic cell.
a. Movement of ions can be excitatory (if sodium chemi-
cal-gated channels bind the
neurotransmitter) or inhibitory (if potassium chemi-
cal-gated channels bind the neurotransmitter)
6. What is secretion? Process of converting the electrical signaled the presynap-
tic neuron to a chemical signal in the synapse and then
back to an electrical signal in the post synaptic neuron
, BIO 161 PSU Exam 3
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_b8zllp
7. Neurotransmitters released from B) chemical gated
a presynaptic cell bind to
__________ protein channels locat-
ed in the membrane of the post-
synaptic cell
A) voltage gated
B) chemical gated
C) A + B
D) mechanical gated
E) all of the above
8. What is summation? sum of all local potential changes at the synapses of a
postsynaptic cell
9. excitatory postsynaptic potential neurotransmitters cause depolarization of postsynaptic
(EPSP) neuron
10. inhibitory postsynaptic potential neurotransmitters cause hyperpolarization of postsynap-
(IPSP) tic neuron
11. what channels would open in A) Sodium chemical-gated
a postsynaptic cells during EPSP
(before threshold is reached)?
A) Sodium chemical-gated
B) Potassium voltage-gated
C) Sodium voltage-gated
D) Potassium chemical-gated
12. At one postsynaptic neuron, the A) Yes
total EPSP change from RMP is
+45mV and the total IPSP change
from RMP is -15mV. Will an action
potential be triggered? Assume
, BIO 161 PSU Exam 3
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_b8zllp
RMP equals -70mV and threshold
is -55mV.
A) Yes
B) No
13. How does the brain detect the frequency of action potentials is interpreted in the brain
strength of a stimulus? as the strength of the stimulus (stronger stimulus = more
action potential)
14. What are the THREE major re- Hindbrain
gions of the brain? Midbrain
Forebrain
15. Function of the hindbrain and - movement
what sections of the brain com- - primitive responses common to all animals (hear rate,
prise it breath rate)
- cerebellum, pons, medulla
16. Function of the midbrain - specialized
- integrates information from special senses and move-
ment
17. Function of the forebrain and - most specialized in brain
what sections of the comprise it - integrates information to help regulate complex organ
systems
- integrates conscious thought
- cerebrum and diencephalon
18. What are the SIX major regions of 1. cerebrum
the brain 2. cerebellum
- what regions make up the brain 3. diencephalon
stem 4. midbrain
5. pons
