STRAIGHTERLINE INTRODUCTION TO
NUTRITION EXAM REVIEW 2026 QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS STUDY GUIDE
◉ cognitive development will likely be impaired,. Answer: About 1
billion people, mostly in the developing world, are affected by iron
deficiency.-effects?
◉ are iron, vitamin A, iodide, zinc, and various B vitamins (e.g.,
folate), as well as selenium and vitamin C. Answer: The most critical
micronutrients missing from diets worldwide are
◉ Xerophthalmia-Blindness from chronic eye infections, restricted
growth, dryness, and keratinization of epithelial tissues. Answer:
Vitamin A deficiency
◉ Rickets-Poorly calcified bones, bowed legs, and other bone
deformities. Answer: Vitamin D deficiency
◉ Beriberi-Nerve degeneration, altered muscle coordination, and
cardiovascular problems. Answer: Thiamin deficiency
,◉ Ariboflavinosis-Inflammation of tongue, mouth, face, and oral
cavity; nervous system disorders. Answer: Riboflavin deficiency
◉ Pellagra-Diarrhea, dermatitis, and dementia. Answer: Niacin
deficiency
◉ Megaloblastic anemia-Enlarged red blood cells, fatigue, and
weakness. Answer: Folate deficiency
◉ Scurvy-Delayed wound healing, internal bleeding, and abnormal
formation of bones and teeth. Answer: Vitamin C deficiency
◉ Iron-deficiency anemia-Reduced work output, retarded growth,
and increased health risk in pregnancy. Answer: Iron deficiency
◉ Goiter-Enlarged thyroid gland in teenagers and adults, possible
mental retardation, and congenital hypothyroidism. Answer: Iodide
deficiency
◉ • Reduced energy and strength
• Diminished concentration
• Impaired ability to learn
• Lowered productivity
• Worsening of chronic health conditions
, • Increased susceptibility to infectious diseases
• Deterioration of mood
• Slowed recovery from illness and injury
• Decreased birthweights
• Decreased growth in infants and children. Answer: Effects semi-
starvation
◉ For low-income: Electronic benefit transfer (debit) cards are given
to purchase food at grocery stores; the amount is based on size of
household and income.. Answer: Supplemental Nutrition Assistance
Program (formerly Food Stamp Program)* program
◉ For low-income: Provides nutrition assistance to needy
Americans through distribution of USDA food commodities.. Answer:
The Emergency Food Assistance Program (TEFAP)*
◉ Pregnant women, children 0-6 and seniors: USDA surplus foods
are distributed by county agencies; not found in all states; may be
based on nutritional risk.. Answer: Commodity Supplemental Food
Program
◉ Low-income pregnant/lactating women, infants, and children less
than 5 years old at nutritional risk: Coupons are given to purchase
milk, cheese, fruit juice, cereal, infant formula, and other specific
food items at grocery stores; includes nutrition education
NUTRITION EXAM REVIEW 2026 QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS STUDY GUIDE
◉ cognitive development will likely be impaired,. Answer: About 1
billion people, mostly in the developing world, are affected by iron
deficiency.-effects?
◉ are iron, vitamin A, iodide, zinc, and various B vitamins (e.g.,
folate), as well as selenium and vitamin C. Answer: The most critical
micronutrients missing from diets worldwide are
◉ Xerophthalmia-Blindness from chronic eye infections, restricted
growth, dryness, and keratinization of epithelial tissues. Answer:
Vitamin A deficiency
◉ Rickets-Poorly calcified bones, bowed legs, and other bone
deformities. Answer: Vitamin D deficiency
◉ Beriberi-Nerve degeneration, altered muscle coordination, and
cardiovascular problems. Answer: Thiamin deficiency
,◉ Ariboflavinosis-Inflammation of tongue, mouth, face, and oral
cavity; nervous system disorders. Answer: Riboflavin deficiency
◉ Pellagra-Diarrhea, dermatitis, and dementia. Answer: Niacin
deficiency
◉ Megaloblastic anemia-Enlarged red blood cells, fatigue, and
weakness. Answer: Folate deficiency
◉ Scurvy-Delayed wound healing, internal bleeding, and abnormal
formation of bones and teeth. Answer: Vitamin C deficiency
◉ Iron-deficiency anemia-Reduced work output, retarded growth,
and increased health risk in pregnancy. Answer: Iron deficiency
◉ Goiter-Enlarged thyroid gland in teenagers and adults, possible
mental retardation, and congenital hypothyroidism. Answer: Iodide
deficiency
◉ • Reduced energy and strength
• Diminished concentration
• Impaired ability to learn
• Lowered productivity
• Worsening of chronic health conditions
, • Increased susceptibility to infectious diseases
• Deterioration of mood
• Slowed recovery from illness and injury
• Decreased birthweights
• Decreased growth in infants and children. Answer: Effects semi-
starvation
◉ For low-income: Electronic benefit transfer (debit) cards are given
to purchase food at grocery stores; the amount is based on size of
household and income.. Answer: Supplemental Nutrition Assistance
Program (formerly Food Stamp Program)* program
◉ For low-income: Provides nutrition assistance to needy
Americans through distribution of USDA food commodities.. Answer:
The Emergency Food Assistance Program (TEFAP)*
◉ Pregnant women, children 0-6 and seniors: USDA surplus foods
are distributed by county agencies; not found in all states; may be
based on nutritional risk.. Answer: Commodity Supplemental Food
Program
◉ Low-income pregnant/lactating women, infants, and children less
than 5 years old at nutritional risk: Coupons are given to purchase
milk, cheese, fruit juice, cereal, infant formula, and other specific
food items at grocery stores; includes nutrition education
