NSG 6420: QUIZ 2 REVIEW 2025 UPDATE QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS RATED 100% CORRECT
CAD major risk factors Answer - HTN, smoking, obesity, physical inactivity,
dyslipidemia, diabetes, Microalbuminuria, GFR <60, age (>55men, >65 women),
Fam hx of premature cardiac dx
Etiology of AS Answer - Congenital and senile calcifications
AR etiologies Answer - HTN, aortic dissection, syphilis, collagen vascular
disorders
MR etiologies Answer - rupture chordae tendinae, CAD, MVP, infectious
endocarditis
AS characteristics Answer - *increased with pt leaning forward
*crescendo-decrescendo/diamond shaped murmur
*radiates to neck
*Early systolic "click"
Most common cause of AS? Answer - calcification of a normal trileaflet or
congenital bicuspid valve
MR characteristics Answer - Radiates to chest and axilla
, *high pitch with blowing quality
*pansystolic regurg murmur with thrill
Standing will decrease murmur, squeezing both hands will increase murmur
MR complications Answer - afib - affects approx 75% with MR
systolic embolization
bacterial endocarditis
Most common cause of MR? Answer - MVP
Prophy antibiotics? Answer - invasive procedures and dental cleaning if MR
and MVP
CHF s/sx Answer - Cough at first nonproductive at night, progressing to
frequent cough productive of pink frothy sputum
orthopnea
What is diabetes equitable to? Answer - Heart disease
-assumed the patient with DM already has microvascular dx processes in place
HDL, Triglyceride levels Answer - >40 in males, >50 in females
Trigs <150
Secondary hyperlipidemia causes? Answer - identifiable diseases or conditions:
DM, metabolic syndrome- reversible with control or eradication
AND ANSWERS RATED 100% CORRECT
CAD major risk factors Answer - HTN, smoking, obesity, physical inactivity,
dyslipidemia, diabetes, Microalbuminuria, GFR <60, age (>55men, >65 women),
Fam hx of premature cardiac dx
Etiology of AS Answer - Congenital and senile calcifications
AR etiologies Answer - HTN, aortic dissection, syphilis, collagen vascular
disorders
MR etiologies Answer - rupture chordae tendinae, CAD, MVP, infectious
endocarditis
AS characteristics Answer - *increased with pt leaning forward
*crescendo-decrescendo/diamond shaped murmur
*radiates to neck
*Early systolic "click"
Most common cause of AS? Answer - calcification of a normal trileaflet or
congenital bicuspid valve
MR characteristics Answer - Radiates to chest and axilla
, *high pitch with blowing quality
*pansystolic regurg murmur with thrill
Standing will decrease murmur, squeezing both hands will increase murmur
MR complications Answer - afib - affects approx 75% with MR
systolic embolization
bacterial endocarditis
Most common cause of MR? Answer - MVP
Prophy antibiotics? Answer - invasive procedures and dental cleaning if MR
and MVP
CHF s/sx Answer - Cough at first nonproductive at night, progressing to
frequent cough productive of pink frothy sputum
orthopnea
What is diabetes equitable to? Answer - Heart disease
-assumed the patient with DM already has microvascular dx processes in place
HDL, Triglyceride levels Answer - >40 in males, >50 in females
Trigs <150
Secondary hyperlipidemia causes? Answer - identifiable diseases or conditions:
DM, metabolic syndrome- reversible with control or eradication
