correct answers
aggression - ANS ✔✔any physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt or destroy
instrumental aggression - ANS ✔✔aggression as a means to some goal other than causing pain;
aggression motivated by the desire to obtain a concrete goal
direct aggression - ANS ✔✔any behavior that intentionally harms another person who is
physically present
indirect aggression - ANS ✔✔behavior intended to hurt someone without face-to-face
confrontation
male aggression - ANS ✔✔1. To establish dominance over other males and secure the highest
possible status.
2. Males aggress out of sexual jealous to ensure that their mate is not having sex with other
men, thereby ensuring their own paternity.
female aggression - ANS ✔✔tends to be premeditated and thought out, less physically
aggressive and more psychological
Testosterone - ANS ✔✔the most important of the male sex hormones. Both males and females
have it, but the additional testosterone in males stimulates the growth of the male sex organs in
the fetus and the development of the male sex characteristics during puberty
testosterone and aggression - ANS ✔✔1. Testosterone linked to aggressive behavior in men.
, 2. Concluded that although testosterone, plays a role in aggression, it is not the sole cause. In
addition, it was discussed how aggression leads to more testosterone, not the other way
around.
Significance: Environmental factors and social norms also play a major role in male aggression.
Testosterone can't be blamed as the sole cause of aggression
group polarization - ANS ✔✔tendency of group members to move to an extreme position after
discussing an issue as a group
altruism - ANS ✔✔unselfish regard for the welfare of others; generosity
group altruism - ANS ✔✔The theory that groups whose members display altruistic concern
toward each other are more likely to survive and flourish than groups that do not display such
concern
outgroup homogeneity - ANS ✔✔the tendency to view members of outgroups as more similar
to each other than we see members of ingroups
ingroup bias - ANS ✔✔the tendency to favor our own group
stereotype threat - ANS ✔✔the apprehension experienced by members of a group that their
behavior might confirm a cultural stereotype
Sherif's Robbers Cave Study - ANS ✔✔study of social norms, Our attitudes predict our behaviors
imperfectly because other factors, including the external situation, also influence behavior
- a study conducted by Muzafer Sherif in 1961 where he created two groups of boys that had to
compete to get a reward. He found that these groups started insulting one another, and it later