SOP 3004 Exam 2 FSU Study
questions n answers
Attitude - correct answer ✔✔a favorable or unfavorable evaluation of a particular thing, person,
or event
Classical conditioning - correct answer ✔✔a type of learning in which one learns to link two or
more stimuli and anticipate events
We learn to like or dislike things because they are associated with things we already like or
dislike.
EXAMPLE; GOOD MOOD, TINDER
EXAMPLE: Pavolov's Dogs
1. You have a natural (unconditioned) response to a stimulus
2. There is a separate stimulus that leads to no response
3. The two stimuli are paired together and become associated
4. The original response now occurs in the presence of the stimulus that originally had no
response
Operant conditioning - correct answer ✔✔Learning occurs through reinforcement history
(rewards and punishments)
PUNISHMENTS decrease behavior
REWARDS increase behavior
Attitudes can be formed through being rewarded or punished
Observational learning - correct answer ✔✔We can learn by observing others
When we see others punished, we learn to avoid those behaviors & attitudes
, When we see others rewarded, we engage in those behaviors and adopt those attitudes
Heredity - correct answer ✔✔Attitudes have a genetic component!
Ex: Political and religious attitudes
Genetically-influenced attitudes are especially strong and resistant to change
4 ways of attitude formation - correct answer ✔✔Classical conditioning
Operant conditioning
Observational learning
Heredity/Genetics
Explicit attitudes - correct answer ✔✔consciously endorsed and easily self-reported
EX: you could tell someone whether or not you like math
Implicit attitudes - correct answer ✔✔(aka "automatic" attitudes) = involuntary, uncontrollable,
and at times unconscious
But measuring attitudes using self-report can be limiting in 2 ways: - correct answer ✔✔1.Social
desirability bias
2.People may not be fully aware of their attitudes
Measuring Implicit Attitudes: - correct answer ✔✔1.Implicit Association Task (IAT) - Calculates a
reaction-time bias to classify targets as "good" or "bad"
2.Affective Misattribution Procedure (AMP) -Reveals preferences based on how pleasant you
rate a neutral image after being primed with a target
Why are strong attitudes resistant to change? - correct answer ✔✔1. Commitment
questions n answers
Attitude - correct answer ✔✔a favorable or unfavorable evaluation of a particular thing, person,
or event
Classical conditioning - correct answer ✔✔a type of learning in which one learns to link two or
more stimuli and anticipate events
We learn to like or dislike things because they are associated with things we already like or
dislike.
EXAMPLE; GOOD MOOD, TINDER
EXAMPLE: Pavolov's Dogs
1. You have a natural (unconditioned) response to a stimulus
2. There is a separate stimulus that leads to no response
3. The two stimuli are paired together and become associated
4. The original response now occurs in the presence of the stimulus that originally had no
response
Operant conditioning - correct answer ✔✔Learning occurs through reinforcement history
(rewards and punishments)
PUNISHMENTS decrease behavior
REWARDS increase behavior
Attitudes can be formed through being rewarded or punished
Observational learning - correct answer ✔✔We can learn by observing others
When we see others punished, we learn to avoid those behaviors & attitudes
, When we see others rewarded, we engage in those behaviors and adopt those attitudes
Heredity - correct answer ✔✔Attitudes have a genetic component!
Ex: Political and religious attitudes
Genetically-influenced attitudes are especially strong and resistant to change
4 ways of attitude formation - correct answer ✔✔Classical conditioning
Operant conditioning
Observational learning
Heredity/Genetics
Explicit attitudes - correct answer ✔✔consciously endorsed and easily self-reported
EX: you could tell someone whether or not you like math
Implicit attitudes - correct answer ✔✔(aka "automatic" attitudes) = involuntary, uncontrollable,
and at times unconscious
But measuring attitudes using self-report can be limiting in 2 ways: - correct answer ✔✔1.Social
desirability bias
2.People may not be fully aware of their attitudes
Measuring Implicit Attitudes: - correct answer ✔✔1.Implicit Association Task (IAT) - Calculates a
reaction-time bias to classify targets as "good" or "bad"
2.Affective Misattribution Procedure (AMP) -Reveals preferences based on how pleasant you
rate a neutral image after being primed with a target
Why are strong attitudes resistant to change? - correct answer ✔✔1. Commitment
