PORTAGE LEARNING MICROBIOLOGY MODULE
5 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2022
◉ Differential testing for pathogen identification. Answer: - Gram
status
- chemical reactions
- plating observations, selective or differential
◉ 5 Steps to infection. Answer: 1. Entry
2. Attachment
3. Invasion
4. Evasion
5. Exit and transmission
◉ Pathogen methods of immune evasion. Answer: Becoming
intracellular and hiding through antigen masking, mimicry, or
variation
◉ Direct methods of infection. Answer: Person to person, animal,
environment, vertical
,◉ Indirect methods of infection. Answer: Airborne, mechanical
(contaminated objects), vector biological, vector mechanical
◉ Pathogenicity. Answer: ability of a microbe to cause disease
◉ Virulence. Answer: ease of a pathogen to infect host and cause
disease
◉ Paraenteral entry. Answer: Does not involve GI tract, needles most
common
◉ AIIR facility. Answer: airborne infection isolation room;
pressurized room to keep air from escaping
◉ Strep gram status. Answer: Gram-positive
◉ Strep motility status. Answer: non-motile
◉ Strep morphology. Answer: cocci in pairs or chains
◉ Strep catalase status. Answer: catalase negative, facultative
anaerobe
, ◉ Strep culturing. Answer: Blood agar plate
◉ Strep hemolysis. Answer: Alpha, Beta and Gamma hemolysis
◉ Strep virulence factors. Answer: M proteins and hyaluronic acid
capsule
◉ M proteins. Answer: Membrane proteins disrupting immune
response by suppressing opsonization and phagocytosis
◉ Hyaluronic acid capsule. Answer: hides bacteria as it is also
present in human tissue. Has a sticky carbohydrate capsule to
increase adhesion
◉ Strep groups associated with human disease. Answer: A, B, D
◉ Lancefield groupings. Answer: A, B, C, D based on similarities in
carbohydrate composition of antigens in cell walls of strep
◉ Streptococcal pharyngitis. Answer: Strep throat - group A
◉ Strep throat symptoms. Answer: Fever, red and sore throat, pus
spots on back of throat, tender and swollen glands of neck
5 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2022
◉ Differential testing for pathogen identification. Answer: - Gram
status
- chemical reactions
- plating observations, selective or differential
◉ 5 Steps to infection. Answer: 1. Entry
2. Attachment
3. Invasion
4. Evasion
5. Exit and transmission
◉ Pathogen methods of immune evasion. Answer: Becoming
intracellular and hiding through antigen masking, mimicry, or
variation
◉ Direct methods of infection. Answer: Person to person, animal,
environment, vertical
,◉ Indirect methods of infection. Answer: Airborne, mechanical
(contaminated objects), vector biological, vector mechanical
◉ Pathogenicity. Answer: ability of a microbe to cause disease
◉ Virulence. Answer: ease of a pathogen to infect host and cause
disease
◉ Paraenteral entry. Answer: Does not involve GI tract, needles most
common
◉ AIIR facility. Answer: airborne infection isolation room;
pressurized room to keep air from escaping
◉ Strep gram status. Answer: Gram-positive
◉ Strep motility status. Answer: non-motile
◉ Strep morphology. Answer: cocci in pairs or chains
◉ Strep catalase status. Answer: catalase negative, facultative
anaerobe
, ◉ Strep culturing. Answer: Blood agar plate
◉ Strep hemolysis. Answer: Alpha, Beta and Gamma hemolysis
◉ Strep virulence factors. Answer: M proteins and hyaluronic acid
capsule
◉ M proteins. Answer: Membrane proteins disrupting immune
response by suppressing opsonization and phagocytosis
◉ Hyaluronic acid capsule. Answer: hides bacteria as it is also
present in human tissue. Has a sticky carbohydrate capsule to
increase adhesion
◉ Strep groups associated with human disease. Answer: A, B, D
◉ Lancefield groupings. Answer: A, B, C, D based on similarities in
carbohydrate composition of antigens in cell walls of strep
◉ Streptococcal pharyngitis. Answer: Strep throat - group A
◉ Strep throat symptoms. Answer: Fever, red and sore throat, pus
spots on back of throat, tender and swollen glands of neck
