Common Diseases and Disorders of
the Urinary System Questions with
Correct Answers
The organs of the urinary system include the: - ANSWERSkidneys - bean-shaped
organs that remove waste from the blood and regulate the composition of the blood.
ureters - tubes that transfer urine from the kidneys to the bladder.
bladder - a sac that expands to store urine until the body is ready to expel it.
urethra - a tube that connects the bladder to the outside of the body.
These are examples of diseases and disorders that affect the urinary system -
ANSWERSUrinary tract infections
Urinary incontinence
Interstitial cystitis
Kidney stones
Renal failure
Cancer
nfection is the presence and multiplication of pathogens (harmful foreign
microorganisms) in the body. A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection of any urinary
system organ.
A UTI is usually caused by bacteria, which are single-celled microorganisms that can
cause infections. UTIs are common in the bladder. If untreated, they can spread to the
kidneys. The kidneys have a very important function, so kidney infections are
dangerous. - ANSWERSCommon UTI symptoms include a frequent urge to urinate, a
burning sensation during urination, and pain in the bladder or kidneys.
Women contract UTIs more often than men because their urethras are shorter, so
bacteria have less distance to travel to the bladder.
Urinary incontinence is involuntary urination. The most common types are:
urge incontinence - when the bladder contracts at the wrong time.
stress incontinence - when the structures around the bladder are weakened or
damaged, causing urine leakage when the body is physically stressed through
coughing, straining, or sneezing. - ANSWERSIncontinence has many causes and can
occur at any age, but it is especially common in older adults.
, Bladder muscles (tissues that contract to produce movement) become weak with aging.
Constipation is more common in older adults. Constipation is the retention of hardened
feces (solid waste) in the colon (a structure that passes the waste product of digestion
from the body). Straining to expel this feces can weaken the urinary muscles.
Interstitial cystitis is chronic inflammation of the walls of the bladder. The symptoms
associated with interstitial cystitis are pain and discomfort in the bladder, a frequent
urge to urinate, occasional pain with urination, or nocturia (getting up at night to urinate).
- ANSWERSThe cause of interstitial cystitis is unknown, so treatment is difficult.
Because the pain and discomfort of interstitial cystitis are long-term, it may cause
severe psychological or emotional distress.
Kidney stones are small stones that form from waste in the kidneys and become
trapped in the urinary tract. As the kidneys filter blood, they extract substances that,
over weeks or months, can crystallize into stones.
Examples of the many waste substances that can form stones are calcium (an element
in the body that helps harden teeth and bones) and uric acid (a waste in blood produced
during the breakdown of certain foods). - ANSWERSThe symptoms of kidney stones
include colic (intense waves of pain), vomiting, blood in the urine, or difficulty urinating.
Renal failure is the decreased ability or complete inability of the kidneys to filter waste
and toxins from blood. Renal failure can be acute or chronic. Acute renal failure is
sudden kidney failure. Chronic renal failure is gradual kidney failure.
As wastes and toxins build up in the blood, the body suffers a variety of symptoms,
which differ depending on the type and amount of wastes and toxins present. For
example, excess levels of potassium (an element that is an essential nutrient)
negatively affect the performance of muscles. - ANSWERSAcute renal failure can be
caused by a variety of conditions, including shock (when blood suddenly cannot supply
the body with enough oxygen, an element that is essential for generating energy) and
overdosage of certain medications.
Chronic renal failure is often caused by damage to blood vessels (tubes that carry blood
through the body) in the kidneys as a result of diabetes, a disease in which levels of
sugar in the blood are abnormally high.
Total loss of kidney function results in death.
Cancer is a disease in which cells multiply and grow in an unregulated fashion, invading
nearby tissues and sometimes spreading to other parts of the body. Some cancers,
such as lung cancer, form solid masses called tumors. Others may cause both tumors
and abnormal blood.
the Urinary System Questions with
Correct Answers
The organs of the urinary system include the: - ANSWERSkidneys - bean-shaped
organs that remove waste from the blood and regulate the composition of the blood.
ureters - tubes that transfer urine from the kidneys to the bladder.
bladder - a sac that expands to store urine until the body is ready to expel it.
urethra - a tube that connects the bladder to the outside of the body.
These are examples of diseases and disorders that affect the urinary system -
ANSWERSUrinary tract infections
Urinary incontinence
Interstitial cystitis
Kidney stones
Renal failure
Cancer
nfection is the presence and multiplication of pathogens (harmful foreign
microorganisms) in the body. A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection of any urinary
system organ.
A UTI is usually caused by bacteria, which are single-celled microorganisms that can
cause infections. UTIs are common in the bladder. If untreated, they can spread to the
kidneys. The kidneys have a very important function, so kidney infections are
dangerous. - ANSWERSCommon UTI symptoms include a frequent urge to urinate, a
burning sensation during urination, and pain in the bladder or kidneys.
Women contract UTIs more often than men because their urethras are shorter, so
bacteria have less distance to travel to the bladder.
Urinary incontinence is involuntary urination. The most common types are:
urge incontinence - when the bladder contracts at the wrong time.
stress incontinence - when the structures around the bladder are weakened or
damaged, causing urine leakage when the body is physically stressed through
coughing, straining, or sneezing. - ANSWERSIncontinence has many causes and can
occur at any age, but it is especially common in older adults.
, Bladder muscles (tissues that contract to produce movement) become weak with aging.
Constipation is more common in older adults. Constipation is the retention of hardened
feces (solid waste) in the colon (a structure that passes the waste product of digestion
from the body). Straining to expel this feces can weaken the urinary muscles.
Interstitial cystitis is chronic inflammation of the walls of the bladder. The symptoms
associated with interstitial cystitis are pain and discomfort in the bladder, a frequent
urge to urinate, occasional pain with urination, or nocturia (getting up at night to urinate).
- ANSWERSThe cause of interstitial cystitis is unknown, so treatment is difficult.
Because the pain and discomfort of interstitial cystitis are long-term, it may cause
severe psychological or emotional distress.
Kidney stones are small stones that form from waste in the kidneys and become
trapped in the urinary tract. As the kidneys filter blood, they extract substances that,
over weeks or months, can crystallize into stones.
Examples of the many waste substances that can form stones are calcium (an element
in the body that helps harden teeth and bones) and uric acid (a waste in blood produced
during the breakdown of certain foods). - ANSWERSThe symptoms of kidney stones
include colic (intense waves of pain), vomiting, blood in the urine, or difficulty urinating.
Renal failure is the decreased ability or complete inability of the kidneys to filter waste
and toxins from blood. Renal failure can be acute or chronic. Acute renal failure is
sudden kidney failure. Chronic renal failure is gradual kidney failure.
As wastes and toxins build up in the blood, the body suffers a variety of symptoms,
which differ depending on the type and amount of wastes and toxins present. For
example, excess levels of potassium (an element that is an essential nutrient)
negatively affect the performance of muscles. - ANSWERSAcute renal failure can be
caused by a variety of conditions, including shock (when blood suddenly cannot supply
the body with enough oxygen, an element that is essential for generating energy) and
overdosage of certain medications.
Chronic renal failure is often caused by damage to blood vessels (tubes that carry blood
through the body) in the kidneys as a result of diabetes, a disease in which levels of
sugar in the blood are abnormally high.
Total loss of kidney function results in death.
Cancer is a disease in which cells multiply and grow in an unregulated fashion, invading
nearby tissues and sometimes spreading to other parts of the body. Some cancers,
such as lung cancer, form solid masses called tumors. Others may cause both tumors
and abnormal blood.
