Mechanisms Comprehensive
Questions and Solutions
Graded A+
Halogenation/Bromination Reagents - Answer: Br2, AlBr3 (or FeBr3)
Nitration Reagents - Answer: HNO3, H2SO4
Sulfonation Reagents - Answer: H2SO4 (excess)
Friedel-Crafts Alkylation Reagents - Answer: R-Cl, AlCl3
(remember: rearrangements are possible)
Friedel-Crafts Acylation Reagents - Answer: RCOCl (acyl chloride), AlCl3
Birch Reduction Reagents - Answer: NaNH3 (aq.), ROH
Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution (NAS) Rules - Answer: 1. The ring has an EWG
2. The ring has a leaving group
3. The leaving group is o,p to EWG