ESSENTIALS OF ANATOMY AND
PHYSIOLOGY
8TH EDITION
• AUTHOR(S)VALERIE C. SCANLON;
TINA SANDERS
TEST BANK
1️⃣
Reference
Ch. 1 — Levels of Organization
Stem
A nurse notes a patient’s surgical wound is covered only by
loose connective tissue with abundant fibroblasts and collagen
fibers. Which level of organization best explains why the nurse
expects gradual tensile-strength restoration over weeks?
Options
A. Cellular — individual fibroblasts synthesize collagen.
B. Tissue — connective tissue remodeling increases wound
strength.
,C. Organ — the skin organ regains full function immediately
after closure.
D. System — integumentary system activity alone restores
tensile strength.
Correct Answer
B
Rationales
• Correct (B): Tissue-level organization describes how groups
of cells (fibroblasts) and extracellular matrix interact to
remodel connective tissue, producing collagen deposition
and gradual increase in tensile strength; this matches the
wound-healing timeline.
• Incorrect (A): Cellular processes are necessary (fibroblasts
make collagen) but tensile-strength recovery is an
emergent tissue property, not solely a single-cell function.
• Incorrect (C): Organ-level recovery (skin) involves function
restoration over time; immediate full function after closure
is incorrect physiologically.
• Incorrect (D): System-level activity contributes but is too
broad — tensile strength is determined specifically by
tissue remodeling, not the entire integumentary system
acting alone.
Teaching Point
Tissue remodeling (collagen deposition) restores wound tensile
strength over weeks.
,Citation
Scanlon, V., & Sanders, T. (2021). Essentials of Anatomy and
Physiology (8th Ed.). Ch. 1.
2️⃣
Reference
Ch. 1 — Metabolism and Homeostasis
Stem
A post-operative patient develops a fever. Which homeostatic
mechanism will the nurse expect to be triggered to lower the
elevated body temperature?
Options
A. Positive feedback, increasing metabolic heat production until
fever resolves.
B. Negative feedback, activating vasodilation and sweating to
dissipate heat.
C. Feedforward control, immediately reducing core set point in
hypothalamus permanently.
D. Reflex inhibition, shutting down thermoregulatory centers to
conserve energy.
Correct Answer
B
Rationales
, • Correct (B): Negative feedback restores set points:
hypothalamic response to hyperthermia causes
vasodilation and sweating to increase heat loss and return
temperature toward normal.
• Incorrect (A): Positive feedback amplifies a change (e.g.,
labor) and would worsen fever; it is not used to lower
elevated temperature.
• Incorrect (C): Feedforward mechanisms anticipate change
but do not permanently reduce the hypothalamic set point
— fever involves a temporary set-point shift, not
permanent reduction.
• Incorrect (D): Reflex inhibition to conserve energy would
reduce heat loss, worsening hyperthermia; this does not
correct fever.
Teaching Point
Negative feedback (vasodilation, sweating) returns elevated
body temperature toward set point.
Citation
Scanlon, V., & Sanders, T. (2021). Essentials of Anatomy and
Physiology (8th Ed.). Ch. 1.
3️⃣
Reference
Ch. 1 — Terminology and General Plan of the Body
PHYSIOLOGY
8TH EDITION
• AUTHOR(S)VALERIE C. SCANLON;
TINA SANDERS
TEST BANK
1️⃣
Reference
Ch. 1 — Levels of Organization
Stem
A nurse notes a patient’s surgical wound is covered only by
loose connective tissue with abundant fibroblasts and collagen
fibers. Which level of organization best explains why the nurse
expects gradual tensile-strength restoration over weeks?
Options
A. Cellular — individual fibroblasts synthesize collagen.
B. Tissue — connective tissue remodeling increases wound
strength.
,C. Organ — the skin organ regains full function immediately
after closure.
D. System — integumentary system activity alone restores
tensile strength.
Correct Answer
B
Rationales
• Correct (B): Tissue-level organization describes how groups
of cells (fibroblasts) and extracellular matrix interact to
remodel connective tissue, producing collagen deposition
and gradual increase in tensile strength; this matches the
wound-healing timeline.
• Incorrect (A): Cellular processes are necessary (fibroblasts
make collagen) but tensile-strength recovery is an
emergent tissue property, not solely a single-cell function.
• Incorrect (C): Organ-level recovery (skin) involves function
restoration over time; immediate full function after closure
is incorrect physiologically.
• Incorrect (D): System-level activity contributes but is too
broad — tensile strength is determined specifically by
tissue remodeling, not the entire integumentary system
acting alone.
Teaching Point
Tissue remodeling (collagen deposition) restores wound tensile
strength over weeks.
,Citation
Scanlon, V., & Sanders, T. (2021). Essentials of Anatomy and
Physiology (8th Ed.). Ch. 1.
2️⃣
Reference
Ch. 1 — Metabolism and Homeostasis
Stem
A post-operative patient develops a fever. Which homeostatic
mechanism will the nurse expect to be triggered to lower the
elevated body temperature?
Options
A. Positive feedback, increasing metabolic heat production until
fever resolves.
B. Negative feedback, activating vasodilation and sweating to
dissipate heat.
C. Feedforward control, immediately reducing core set point in
hypothalamus permanently.
D. Reflex inhibition, shutting down thermoregulatory centers to
conserve energy.
Correct Answer
B
Rationales
, • Correct (B): Negative feedback restores set points:
hypothalamic response to hyperthermia causes
vasodilation and sweating to increase heat loss and return
temperature toward normal.
• Incorrect (A): Positive feedback amplifies a change (e.g.,
labor) and would worsen fever; it is not used to lower
elevated temperature.
• Incorrect (C): Feedforward mechanisms anticipate change
but do not permanently reduce the hypothalamic set point
— fever involves a temporary set-point shift, not
permanent reduction.
• Incorrect (D): Reflex inhibition to conserve energy would
reduce heat loss, worsening hyperthermia; this does not
correct fever.
Teaching Point
Negative feedback (vasodilation, sweating) returns elevated
body temperature toward set point.
Citation
Scanlon, V., & Sanders, T. (2021). Essentials of Anatomy and
Physiology (8th Ed.). Ch. 1.
3️⃣
Reference
Ch. 1 — Terminology and General Plan of the Body
