ESSENTIALS OF ANATOMY AND
PHYSIOLOGY
8TH EDITION
• AUTHOR(S)VALERIE C. SCANLON;
TINA SANDERS
TEST BANK
Q1
Reference: Ch. 1 — Organization and General Plan of the Body
— Levels of Organization
Stem: A postoperative patient’s wound is slow to close. As the
nurse considers tissue-level factors that slow repair, which
explanation best links levels of organization to the impaired
healing?
Options:
A. An isolated organ dysfunction always causes immediate
systemic failure, delaying wound healing.
B. Poor cellular activity (cellular level) impairs tissue repair,
disrupting organ function related to wound closure.
,C. Organ systems act independently, so tissue repair is
unaffected by other system changes.
D. Whole-body metabolism does not influence local tissue
repair because healing is purely structural.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale — Correct: Slow wound closure often begins with
impaired cellular processes (e.g., reduced fibroblast activity)
which prevents effective tissue repair and compromises organ
function at the local level. This ties the cellular → tissue →
organ levels of organization.
Rationale — A: Overstates: organ dysfunction does not always
cause immediate systemic failure and is not the primary
explanation for local delayed healing.
Rationale — C: Incorrect: organ systems interact and systemic
factors frequently influence tissue repair.
Rationale — D: Incorrect: whole-body metabolic status
(nutrition, oxygenation) strongly affects cellular activity and
thus healing.
Teaching Point: Cellular dysfunction impairs tissue repair,
linking cellular → tissue → organ levels.
Citation: Scanlon, V., & Sanders, T. (2021). Essentials of
Anatomy and Physiology (8th Ed.). Ch. 1.
Q2
,Reference: Ch. 1 — Organization and General Plan of the Body
— Homeostasis
Stem: A patient with heatstroke has very high core temperature
and an altered level of consciousness. Which action by the
nurse best supports the body's negative-feedback mechanisms
for temperature regulation?
Options:
A. Stop evaporation by wrapping the patient in a dry blanket.
B. Apply cool compresses and increase evaporative cooling
while monitoring vitals.
C. Induce shivering to raise metabolic heat production.
D. Encourage ingestion of warm fluids to restore homeostasis.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale — Correct: Negative feedback for hyperthermia uses
mechanisms that reduce body temperature (vasodilation,
sweating/evaporation). Applying cool compresses and
enhancing evaporation supports heat loss and returns core
temperature toward set point.
Rationale — A: Wrapping in a dry blanket would prevent heat
loss and worsen hyperthermia—opposite of negative feedback.
Rationale — C: Inducing shivering increases heat production
and is appropriate for hypothermia, not heatstroke.
Rationale — D: Warm fluids increase core temperature;
contraindicated in hyperthermia.
, Teaching Point: Negative feedback restores set points; promote
heat loss during hyperthermia.
Citation: Scanlon, V., & Sanders, T. (2021). Essentials of
Anatomy and Physiology (8th Ed.). Ch. 1.
Q3
Reference: Ch. 1 — Organization and General Plan of the Body
— Terminology & Planes
Stem: A CT scan report describes a lesion located in the left
anterior thoracic wall in a plane parallel to the coronal (frontal)
plane. For bedside teaching, which description best orients a
student nurse to this plane?
Options:
A. The coronal plane divides the body into upper and lower
portions; the lesion is above the diaphragm.
B. The coronal plane divides the body into front (anterior) and
back (posterior); the lesion is on the front left chest.
C. The coronal plane divides the body into left and right; the
lesion is lateral to midsagittal structures.
D. The coronal plane slices the body horizontally; the lesion is in
a transverse section.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale — Correct: The coronal (frontal) plane divides
anterior and posterior; a lesion on the anterior thoracic wall is
on the front chest.
PHYSIOLOGY
8TH EDITION
• AUTHOR(S)VALERIE C. SCANLON;
TINA SANDERS
TEST BANK
Q1
Reference: Ch. 1 — Organization and General Plan of the Body
— Levels of Organization
Stem: A postoperative patient’s wound is slow to close. As the
nurse considers tissue-level factors that slow repair, which
explanation best links levels of organization to the impaired
healing?
Options:
A. An isolated organ dysfunction always causes immediate
systemic failure, delaying wound healing.
B. Poor cellular activity (cellular level) impairs tissue repair,
disrupting organ function related to wound closure.
,C. Organ systems act independently, so tissue repair is
unaffected by other system changes.
D. Whole-body metabolism does not influence local tissue
repair because healing is purely structural.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale — Correct: Slow wound closure often begins with
impaired cellular processes (e.g., reduced fibroblast activity)
which prevents effective tissue repair and compromises organ
function at the local level. This ties the cellular → tissue →
organ levels of organization.
Rationale — A: Overstates: organ dysfunction does not always
cause immediate systemic failure and is not the primary
explanation for local delayed healing.
Rationale — C: Incorrect: organ systems interact and systemic
factors frequently influence tissue repair.
Rationale — D: Incorrect: whole-body metabolic status
(nutrition, oxygenation) strongly affects cellular activity and
thus healing.
Teaching Point: Cellular dysfunction impairs tissue repair,
linking cellular → tissue → organ levels.
Citation: Scanlon, V., & Sanders, T. (2021). Essentials of
Anatomy and Physiology (8th Ed.). Ch. 1.
Q2
,Reference: Ch. 1 — Organization and General Plan of the Body
— Homeostasis
Stem: A patient with heatstroke has very high core temperature
and an altered level of consciousness. Which action by the
nurse best supports the body's negative-feedback mechanisms
for temperature regulation?
Options:
A. Stop evaporation by wrapping the patient in a dry blanket.
B. Apply cool compresses and increase evaporative cooling
while monitoring vitals.
C. Induce shivering to raise metabolic heat production.
D. Encourage ingestion of warm fluids to restore homeostasis.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale — Correct: Negative feedback for hyperthermia uses
mechanisms that reduce body temperature (vasodilation,
sweating/evaporation). Applying cool compresses and
enhancing evaporation supports heat loss and returns core
temperature toward set point.
Rationale — A: Wrapping in a dry blanket would prevent heat
loss and worsen hyperthermia—opposite of negative feedback.
Rationale — C: Inducing shivering increases heat production
and is appropriate for hypothermia, not heatstroke.
Rationale — D: Warm fluids increase core temperature;
contraindicated in hyperthermia.
, Teaching Point: Negative feedback restores set points; promote
heat loss during hyperthermia.
Citation: Scanlon, V., & Sanders, T. (2021). Essentials of
Anatomy and Physiology (8th Ed.). Ch. 1.
Q3
Reference: Ch. 1 — Organization and General Plan of the Body
— Terminology & Planes
Stem: A CT scan report describes a lesion located in the left
anterior thoracic wall in a plane parallel to the coronal (frontal)
plane. For bedside teaching, which description best orients a
student nurse to this plane?
Options:
A. The coronal plane divides the body into upper and lower
portions; the lesion is above the diaphragm.
B. The coronal plane divides the body into front (anterior) and
back (posterior); the lesion is on the front left chest.
C. The coronal plane divides the body into left and right; the
lesion is lateral to midsagittal structures.
D. The coronal plane slices the body horizontally; the lesion is in
a transverse section.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale — Correct: The coronal (frontal) plane divides
anterior and posterior; a lesion on the anterior thoracic wall is
on the front chest.
