AP Environmental Science
Final Exam Study Guide
Questions And Answers
2025/2026
a black bear eats a blackberry for nutritional value; the bear eliminates the seeds of the
blackberry in its feces and the blackberry seeds can grow in a new location - ANSWER-
mutualism
the remora attaches to the underside of a shark and eats leftover bits of food that the
shark does not consume - ANSWER-commensalism
male bighorn sheep use their horns to illustrate dominance during mating rituals -
ANSWER-competition
the Nile crocodile will open its mouth to allow the small Egyptian plover bird to enter its
mouth to clean its teeth of debris - ANSWER-mutualism
process by which atmospheric nitrogen gets converted to ammonia - ANSWER-nitrogen
fixation
nitrogenous organic compounds are converted to simpler inorganic compounds such as
ammonia - ANSWER-ammonification
bacteria convert ammonium ions in a series of steps to nitrate and nitrate ions -
ANSWER-nitrification
naturally released as living organisms carry out cellular respiration - ANSWER-carbon
dioxide
pollutant released during incomplete combustion of fossil fuels or biomass; binds red
blood cells and impairs oxygen delivery to tissues - ANSWER-carbon monoxide
pollutant that arises from gasoline combustion; may result in eutrophication - ANSWER-
nitrogen oxide
released naturally from volcanoes and can reflect sunlight back out into space -
ANSWER-sulfur dioxide
marsh plants are used to remove excess nitrates and phosphates from wastewater -
ANSWER-tertiary water treatment
, removes solids and large particles from wastewater - ANSWER-primary water treatment
used for municipal waste; can release dioxins and heavy metals - ANSWER-waste
incineration
biological process that removes the dissolved and suspended organic material from
wastewater - ANSWER-secondary water treatment
most common method of disposing of municipal solid waste in the United States -
ANSWER-sanitary landfill
method that could be used to control insect pests and decrease erosion - ANSWER-
sterile males
method used to increase soil fertility while decreasing erosion - ANSWER-Bt
method used to plant crops on areas with mountainous terrain - ANSWER-terracing
method used to control butterfly and moth larvae - ANSWER-sterile males
dumping of organic waste into surface water would increase this measurement due to
an increase in decomposition - ANSWER-salinity
measures the hydrogen ion concentration of water - ANSWER-pH
this measurement would rise in surface water due to runoff from a construction site -
ANSWER-pH
this measurement must be high in streams for species such as trout and salmon to
survive - ANSWER-biological oxygen demand
Use the graph to answer question 25. The above graph explains which type of natural
selection? - ANSWER-coevolution
Some species of mustelid carnivore, including weasel, mink, otter, martens, and
badgers, all coexist in the British Isles. Researchers have determined that they all feed
upon different sized mammal prey as evidenced by skull length and length of canine
teeth. This is an example of: - ANSWER-resource partitioning
Use the diagram below for question 27. Which of the following statements is correct? -
ANSWER-most of the organisms cannot survive in condition C
Which of the following statements is correct regarding human impacts on the earth? -
ANSWER-deforestation of tropical dry forests and tropical rainforests is contributing to
global
Final Exam Study Guide
Questions And Answers
2025/2026
a black bear eats a blackberry for nutritional value; the bear eliminates the seeds of the
blackberry in its feces and the blackberry seeds can grow in a new location - ANSWER-
mutualism
the remora attaches to the underside of a shark and eats leftover bits of food that the
shark does not consume - ANSWER-commensalism
male bighorn sheep use their horns to illustrate dominance during mating rituals -
ANSWER-competition
the Nile crocodile will open its mouth to allow the small Egyptian plover bird to enter its
mouth to clean its teeth of debris - ANSWER-mutualism
process by which atmospheric nitrogen gets converted to ammonia - ANSWER-nitrogen
fixation
nitrogenous organic compounds are converted to simpler inorganic compounds such as
ammonia - ANSWER-ammonification
bacteria convert ammonium ions in a series of steps to nitrate and nitrate ions -
ANSWER-nitrification
naturally released as living organisms carry out cellular respiration - ANSWER-carbon
dioxide
pollutant released during incomplete combustion of fossil fuels or biomass; binds red
blood cells and impairs oxygen delivery to tissues - ANSWER-carbon monoxide
pollutant that arises from gasoline combustion; may result in eutrophication - ANSWER-
nitrogen oxide
released naturally from volcanoes and can reflect sunlight back out into space -
ANSWER-sulfur dioxide
marsh plants are used to remove excess nitrates and phosphates from wastewater -
ANSWER-tertiary water treatment
, removes solids and large particles from wastewater - ANSWER-primary water treatment
used for municipal waste; can release dioxins and heavy metals - ANSWER-waste
incineration
biological process that removes the dissolved and suspended organic material from
wastewater - ANSWER-secondary water treatment
most common method of disposing of municipal solid waste in the United States -
ANSWER-sanitary landfill
method that could be used to control insect pests and decrease erosion - ANSWER-
sterile males
method used to increase soil fertility while decreasing erosion - ANSWER-Bt
method used to plant crops on areas with mountainous terrain - ANSWER-terracing
method used to control butterfly and moth larvae - ANSWER-sterile males
dumping of organic waste into surface water would increase this measurement due to
an increase in decomposition - ANSWER-salinity
measures the hydrogen ion concentration of water - ANSWER-pH
this measurement would rise in surface water due to runoff from a construction site -
ANSWER-pH
this measurement must be high in streams for species such as trout and salmon to
survive - ANSWER-biological oxygen demand
Use the graph to answer question 25. The above graph explains which type of natural
selection? - ANSWER-coevolution
Some species of mustelid carnivore, including weasel, mink, otter, martens, and
badgers, all coexist in the British Isles. Researchers have determined that they all feed
upon different sized mammal prey as evidenced by skull length and length of canine
teeth. This is an example of: - ANSWER-resource partitioning
Use the diagram below for question 27. Which of the following statements is correct? -
ANSWER-most of the organisms cannot survive in condition C
Which of the following statements is correct regarding human impacts on the earth? -
ANSWER-deforestation of tropical dry forests and tropical rainforests is contributing to
global
