NUR113 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
VERIFIED ANSWERS
\Q\.What is otitis media? - ANSWER-✔Common childhood illness, also called ear infection
Not always accompanied by actual infection
\Q\.tympanic membrane - ANSWER-✔Separates middle ear from external auditory canal
\Q\.Eustachian tube - ANSWER-✔Helps to equalize pressure in the middle ear with atmospheric
pressure
Provides route for infectious organisms
\Q\.What often precedes otitis media? - ANSWER-✔Upper respiratory infection (URI)
\Q\.What causes serous otitis media? - ANSWER-✔Occurs when obstruction of eustachian tube
is prolonged
Negative pressure causes serous fluid to move from capillaries into middle ear space
\Q\.What causes acute otitis media? What happens? - ANSWER-✔Typically follows URI
Edema impairs drainage, causing mucus, serous fluid to accumulate
Excellent environment for bacteria growth
,\Q\.What happens with chronic otitis media? - ANSWER-✔It involves permanent perforation of
tympanic membrane
\Q\.What causes chronic otitis media? - ANSWER-✔Result of recurrent acute otitis media
May result from trauma, other diseases
\Q\.What can chronic otitis media cause ? - ANSWER-✔Cholesteatoma
May cause conductive hearing loss
Marginal perforation
\Q\.What is cholesteatoma? - ANSWER-✔Small cyst caused by chronic otitis media
\Q\.How is marginal perforation repaired in chronic otitis media? - ANSWER-✔Tympanoplasty
\Q\.What are the RF for otitis media? - ANSWER-✔Age < 2 years
Participating in group care setting
Seasonal allergies
Exposure to poor air quality
\Q\.What can help to prevent otitis media for infants and children? - ANSWER-✔Breast feed for
greater than or equal to 12 months if possible
Bottle feed in upright position
Keep up to date with immunizations
Avoid air pollution, especially second-hand smoke
Use small daycare or private child care
,\Q\.Clinical manifestations of otitis media in an adult - ANSWER-✔Decreased hearing in affected
ear
Complaints of snapping or popping
Tympanic membrane: decreased motility, bulging; severe pressure differences (may cause acute
pain, hemorrhage, rupture of tympanic membrane or round window)
Hemotympanum
\Q\.Clinical manifestations of acute otitis media in children - ANSWER-✔Acute onset of ear pain
Redness of tympanic membrane on otoscopy
Middle ear effusion
Diarrhea, vomiting, fever
Pulling at eat in infants & young children
Irritability, acting out
Awakens crying at night
\Q\.What is recurrent otitis media? - ANSWER-✔Greater than or equal to 3 episodes within 6
months or greater than or equal to 4 episodes in 12 months
\Q\.Recurrent otitis media is increased in _ - ANSWER-✔Children of parents who smoke
Children who go to daycare centers
\Q\.Recurrent otitis media is more common in children with _ - ANSWER-✔Down's syndrome
Cleft palate
\Q\.Serous otitis media is NOT treated with _ - ANSWER-✔Antibiotics
, \Q\.Serious otitis media treatment - ANSWER-✔Just evaluated periodically for presence of
acute otitis media, generally improves within 3 months
\Q\.Serious otitis media is associated with - ANSWER-✔Hearing loss & cochlear damage, follow
up with audiologist
\Q\.What does a normal tympanic membrane look like? - ANSWER-✔Pearly gray, transparent,
mobile, neutral position
\Q\.What will the Tympanic Membrane look like with Otis Media? - ANSWER-✔Red, reduced
mobility, fluid or blood, bulging or retraction of tympanic membrane
Yellow or white tympanic membrane
\Q\.What will tympanic membrane look like in otitis media with effusion - ANSWER-✔Amber-
colored tympanic membrane
\Q\.What are the treatment options for otitis media? - ANSWER-✔Myringotomy
Antibiotic therapy
\Q\.What does a myringotomy do? - ANSWER-✔Relieves excess pressure in the middle ear and
prevents the rupture of the eardrum
When pressure is released, pain subsides and hearing improves
\Q\.A tip optic therapy is used to treat what type of otitis media? - ANSWER-✔Acute
VERIFIED ANSWERS
\Q\.What is otitis media? - ANSWER-✔Common childhood illness, also called ear infection
Not always accompanied by actual infection
\Q\.tympanic membrane - ANSWER-✔Separates middle ear from external auditory canal
\Q\.Eustachian tube - ANSWER-✔Helps to equalize pressure in the middle ear with atmospheric
pressure
Provides route for infectious organisms
\Q\.What often precedes otitis media? - ANSWER-✔Upper respiratory infection (URI)
\Q\.What causes serous otitis media? - ANSWER-✔Occurs when obstruction of eustachian tube
is prolonged
Negative pressure causes serous fluid to move from capillaries into middle ear space
\Q\.What causes acute otitis media? What happens? - ANSWER-✔Typically follows URI
Edema impairs drainage, causing mucus, serous fluid to accumulate
Excellent environment for bacteria growth
,\Q\.What happens with chronic otitis media? - ANSWER-✔It involves permanent perforation of
tympanic membrane
\Q\.What causes chronic otitis media? - ANSWER-✔Result of recurrent acute otitis media
May result from trauma, other diseases
\Q\.What can chronic otitis media cause ? - ANSWER-✔Cholesteatoma
May cause conductive hearing loss
Marginal perforation
\Q\.What is cholesteatoma? - ANSWER-✔Small cyst caused by chronic otitis media
\Q\.How is marginal perforation repaired in chronic otitis media? - ANSWER-✔Tympanoplasty
\Q\.What are the RF for otitis media? - ANSWER-✔Age < 2 years
Participating in group care setting
Seasonal allergies
Exposure to poor air quality
\Q\.What can help to prevent otitis media for infants and children? - ANSWER-✔Breast feed for
greater than or equal to 12 months if possible
Bottle feed in upright position
Keep up to date with immunizations
Avoid air pollution, especially second-hand smoke
Use small daycare or private child care
,\Q\.Clinical manifestations of otitis media in an adult - ANSWER-✔Decreased hearing in affected
ear
Complaints of snapping or popping
Tympanic membrane: decreased motility, bulging; severe pressure differences (may cause acute
pain, hemorrhage, rupture of tympanic membrane or round window)
Hemotympanum
\Q\.Clinical manifestations of acute otitis media in children - ANSWER-✔Acute onset of ear pain
Redness of tympanic membrane on otoscopy
Middle ear effusion
Diarrhea, vomiting, fever
Pulling at eat in infants & young children
Irritability, acting out
Awakens crying at night
\Q\.What is recurrent otitis media? - ANSWER-✔Greater than or equal to 3 episodes within 6
months or greater than or equal to 4 episodes in 12 months
\Q\.Recurrent otitis media is increased in _ - ANSWER-✔Children of parents who smoke
Children who go to daycare centers
\Q\.Recurrent otitis media is more common in children with _ - ANSWER-✔Down's syndrome
Cleft palate
\Q\.Serous otitis media is NOT treated with _ - ANSWER-✔Antibiotics
, \Q\.Serious otitis media treatment - ANSWER-✔Just evaluated periodically for presence of
acute otitis media, generally improves within 3 months
\Q\.Serious otitis media is associated with - ANSWER-✔Hearing loss & cochlear damage, follow
up with audiologist
\Q\.What does a normal tympanic membrane look like? - ANSWER-✔Pearly gray, transparent,
mobile, neutral position
\Q\.What will the Tympanic Membrane look like with Otis Media? - ANSWER-✔Red, reduced
mobility, fluid or blood, bulging or retraction of tympanic membrane
Yellow or white tympanic membrane
\Q\.What will tympanic membrane look like in otitis media with effusion - ANSWER-✔Amber-
colored tympanic membrane
\Q\.What are the treatment options for otitis media? - ANSWER-✔Myringotomy
Antibiotic therapy
\Q\.What does a myringotomy do? - ANSWER-✔Relieves excess pressure in the middle ear and
prevents the rupture of the eardrum
When pressure is released, pain subsides and hearing improves
\Q\.A tip optic therapy is used to treat what type of otitis media? - ANSWER-✔Acute
