BIO 311 Exam 2 Questions and Answers | Latest
Update | 100% Correct.
Distinguish the following types of meristems: primary shoot apical meristem, primary root
apical meristem, axillary meristem, lateral root meristem, adventitious meristem.
primary shoot: in shoot
primary root: in root
axillary: internode
lateral: stem and root, lateral growth
adventitious: injury and repair
Recognize the following structures in 3-D and 2-D representations of a shoot apical
meristem: apical dome, leaf primordia.
Describe three functions of a shoot apical meristem.
1. develop new segments
2. organization of tissues
3. maintains population of dividing cells
Recognize and describe the functions of the four zones and the three layers of a shoot apical
meristem.
Define "initial cell" and identify apical initial cells in shoot and root apical meristems of
ferns and flowering plants.
initial cell: actively dividing plant cell in a meristem
, Evaluate experimental support for the hypothesis that KNOX transcription factors
maintain meristematic cell identity and indeterminate growth.
without KNOX, there would be no meristematic growth and/or knots on leaves
Evaluate mutation analysis and promoter::reporter experiments that test the role of
CLAVATA and WUSHEL proteins in maintaining the balance between cell division and
differentiation in shoot apical meristems.
WUS = transcription factor, CLV = ligand
CLV blocks WSC transcription factor --> negative feedback loop
WUS turns on stem cell genes → stem cells make CLV → CLV turns off WUS → balance
maintained.
in SAM
Describe how the following proteins interact to maintain the balance of cell division and
differentiation in shoot apical meristems: CLAVATA1, CLAVATA2, CLAVATA3 and
WUSHEL
CLV1: RLK (below stem cells)
CLV2: RLP (below stem cells)
CLV3: Ligand (stem cells)
--> to suppress WUS
Update | 100% Correct.
Distinguish the following types of meristems: primary shoot apical meristem, primary root
apical meristem, axillary meristem, lateral root meristem, adventitious meristem.
primary shoot: in shoot
primary root: in root
axillary: internode
lateral: stem and root, lateral growth
adventitious: injury and repair
Recognize the following structures in 3-D and 2-D representations of a shoot apical
meristem: apical dome, leaf primordia.
Describe three functions of a shoot apical meristem.
1. develop new segments
2. organization of tissues
3. maintains population of dividing cells
Recognize and describe the functions of the four zones and the three layers of a shoot apical
meristem.
Define "initial cell" and identify apical initial cells in shoot and root apical meristems of
ferns and flowering plants.
initial cell: actively dividing plant cell in a meristem
, Evaluate experimental support for the hypothesis that KNOX transcription factors
maintain meristematic cell identity and indeterminate growth.
without KNOX, there would be no meristematic growth and/or knots on leaves
Evaluate mutation analysis and promoter::reporter experiments that test the role of
CLAVATA and WUSHEL proteins in maintaining the balance between cell division and
differentiation in shoot apical meristems.
WUS = transcription factor, CLV = ligand
CLV blocks WSC transcription factor --> negative feedback loop
WUS turns on stem cell genes → stem cells make CLV → CLV turns off WUS → balance
maintained.
in SAM
Describe how the following proteins interact to maintain the balance of cell division and
differentiation in shoot apical meristems: CLAVATA1, CLAVATA2, CLAVATA3 and
WUSHEL
CLV1: RLK (below stem cells)
CLV2: RLP (below stem cells)
CLV3: Ligand (stem cells)
--> to suppress WUS
