BIOD151 Module 3 EXAM Questions and Answers With Verified Solutions 2025
Two divisions of the digestive system - ✔✔alimentary canal and accessory organs
seven parts of the gastrointestinal tract - ✔✔mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large
intestine and anus
six digestive accessory organs - ✔✔teeth, tongue, gallbladder, salivary glands, liver, pancreas
mouth opening - ✔✔lips
floor of the mouth - ✔✔tongue
walls of the mouth - ✔✔cheeks
roof of mouth - ✔✔hard and soft palates
two bones and membrane the tongue is attached to - ✔✔hyoid and mandible bone and membranous
lingual frenulum
How many teeth are in the human adult and what do they do? - ✔✔thirty-two teeth work together to
tear, crush and grind food to mechanically digest food.
What are the four types of teeth? - ✔✔incisors, canines, premolars, molars
incisors - ✔✔two, chisel shaped for biting
canine - ✔✔one pointed for tearing
, pre-molars - ✔✔two fairly flat for grinding
molars - ✔✔three flat for crushing
What is the specific function of the salivary gland in the process of digestion? - ✔✔Food is mixed and
moistened with the saliva secreted from the salivary glands that contain enzymes that begin chemical
digestion process by breaking down starch.
Where are the taste buds located? - ✔✔Primarily the tongue but also the surface of the mouth and wall
of the pharynx.
Describe the function of the tongue in the digestive process - ✔✔tongue grips the food, constantly
repositioning it between the teeth and forms the bolus that is pushed back to the pharynx to be
swallowed.
bolus - ✔✔compact mass of food formed by chewing of the teeth and reposition by the tongue.
three parts of the pharynx - ✔✔nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx
through which sections of the pharynx does air travel? food? - ✔✔air travels through all three sections
food travels through oropharynx and laryngopharynx
What prevents food from entering the lungs and why is this necessary? - ✔✔The epiglottis covers the
esophagus and prevent aspiration of food and liquid.
Describe how the muscular layers in the pharynx assist with food passage. - ✔✔The two layers of
muscle, circumferential outer layer and inner longitudinal layer, alternatively contract to squeeze the
food into the esophagus by peristalsis.
Tissue layers of the esophagus - ✔✔the innermost layer is the mucosa which secretes mucus into the
interior the gastrointestinal tract, the second layer is the submucosa which contains blood and lymph
vessels, lymph nodes, nerves, and mucous glands, the third layer is the muscularis externa which is
Two divisions of the digestive system - ✔✔alimentary canal and accessory organs
seven parts of the gastrointestinal tract - ✔✔mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large
intestine and anus
six digestive accessory organs - ✔✔teeth, tongue, gallbladder, salivary glands, liver, pancreas
mouth opening - ✔✔lips
floor of the mouth - ✔✔tongue
walls of the mouth - ✔✔cheeks
roof of mouth - ✔✔hard and soft palates
two bones and membrane the tongue is attached to - ✔✔hyoid and mandible bone and membranous
lingual frenulum
How many teeth are in the human adult and what do they do? - ✔✔thirty-two teeth work together to
tear, crush and grind food to mechanically digest food.
What are the four types of teeth? - ✔✔incisors, canines, premolars, molars
incisors - ✔✔two, chisel shaped for biting
canine - ✔✔one pointed for tearing
, pre-molars - ✔✔two fairly flat for grinding
molars - ✔✔three flat for crushing
What is the specific function of the salivary gland in the process of digestion? - ✔✔Food is mixed and
moistened with the saliva secreted from the salivary glands that contain enzymes that begin chemical
digestion process by breaking down starch.
Where are the taste buds located? - ✔✔Primarily the tongue but also the surface of the mouth and wall
of the pharynx.
Describe the function of the tongue in the digestive process - ✔✔tongue grips the food, constantly
repositioning it between the teeth and forms the bolus that is pushed back to the pharynx to be
swallowed.
bolus - ✔✔compact mass of food formed by chewing of the teeth and reposition by the tongue.
three parts of the pharynx - ✔✔nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx
through which sections of the pharynx does air travel? food? - ✔✔air travels through all three sections
food travels through oropharynx and laryngopharynx
What prevents food from entering the lungs and why is this necessary? - ✔✔The epiglottis covers the
esophagus and prevent aspiration of food and liquid.
Describe how the muscular layers in the pharynx assist with food passage. - ✔✔The two layers of
muscle, circumferential outer layer and inner longitudinal layer, alternatively contract to squeeze the
food into the esophagus by peristalsis.
Tissue layers of the esophagus - ✔✔the innermost layer is the mucosa which secretes mucus into the
interior the gastrointestinal tract, the second layer is the submucosa which contains blood and lymph
vessels, lymph nodes, nerves, and mucous glands, the third layer is the muscularis externa which is
