WJEC Criminology Unit 2
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_eypox6
1. Actus reus Latin for guilty act
2. Mens rea Latin for "guilty mind," used in court to prove criminal intent
3. Caution The criminal accepts the offence (admits they did it) and
agrees to be cautioned by police. No further action is taken
4. Conditional caution The criminal accepts the offence and agrees to conditions
in relation to the caution, e.g. receiving treatment for drug
abuse.
5. Penalty notices A small fine issued by the police. These can be issued with-
out the use of court proceedings for minor crimes such as
shoplifting or being drunk and disorderly in public. No crim-
inal conviction if the fine is paid
6. Custodial sentences Being sentenced to time in prison or young offenders in-
stitute. Sentences vary from a few days to 'life' and can run
concurrently or consecutively.
7. community sentence A punishment from a court that combines punishment (giving
up time) with activities carried out in the community.
8. Fine A financial penalty of an amount determined by the court in
punishment for a criminal offence.
9. Conditional discharge Offender is found guilty but is given conditions to meet in re-
turn for not being given a formal sanction e.g drug offenders
may be given orders to attend rehabilitation. If conditions are
not met, offenders may be given another sanction
10. Absolute discharge Offender is found guilty but punishment is not deemed suit-
able e.g where a person has a medical condition that has led
to their action or has committed their crime in self defence
, WJEC Criminology Unit 2
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_eypox6
11. Deviance Actions against society's norms and values
12. Informal sanctions against de- Frowning upon someone's behaviour
viance
Labelling behaviour
Being ignored
Parents grounding a child
13. How and why do laws on adul- Adultery is legal in all European countries but illegal in many
tery vary between countries? countries which operate Islamic law, e.g. Saudi Arabia, Pak-
istan.
Reasons why laws vary: religion, status of women.
14. How and why do laws on hon- Illegal in the UK but common in many South Asian families.
our crime vary between coun-
tries? They are a custom in some cultures when a woman damages
a family's reputation.
15. How and why do laws on homo- Legal in the UK since 1967. Illegal in countries such as Saudi
sexuality vary between coun- Arabia, Iran, Yemen, Nigeria.
tries?
Religion is a major reason for the difference.
16. Statute An Act of Parliament
17. Acquittal Verdict of a court when someone is found Not Guilty.
18. How has the law on prostitution Prostitution is legal but many of its associated activities are
changed in the UK? illegal, e.g. kerb crawling, soliciting, owning a brothel.
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_eypox6
1. Actus reus Latin for guilty act
2. Mens rea Latin for "guilty mind," used in court to prove criminal intent
3. Caution The criminal accepts the offence (admits they did it) and
agrees to be cautioned by police. No further action is taken
4. Conditional caution The criminal accepts the offence and agrees to conditions
in relation to the caution, e.g. receiving treatment for drug
abuse.
5. Penalty notices A small fine issued by the police. These can be issued with-
out the use of court proceedings for minor crimes such as
shoplifting or being drunk and disorderly in public. No crim-
inal conviction if the fine is paid
6. Custodial sentences Being sentenced to time in prison or young offenders in-
stitute. Sentences vary from a few days to 'life' and can run
concurrently or consecutively.
7. community sentence A punishment from a court that combines punishment (giving
up time) with activities carried out in the community.
8. Fine A financial penalty of an amount determined by the court in
punishment for a criminal offence.
9. Conditional discharge Offender is found guilty but is given conditions to meet in re-
turn for not being given a formal sanction e.g drug offenders
may be given orders to attend rehabilitation. If conditions are
not met, offenders may be given another sanction
10. Absolute discharge Offender is found guilty but punishment is not deemed suit-
able e.g where a person has a medical condition that has led
to their action or has committed their crime in self defence
, WJEC Criminology Unit 2
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_eypox6
11. Deviance Actions against society's norms and values
12. Informal sanctions against de- Frowning upon someone's behaviour
viance
Labelling behaviour
Being ignored
Parents grounding a child
13. How and why do laws on adul- Adultery is legal in all European countries but illegal in many
tery vary between countries? countries which operate Islamic law, e.g. Saudi Arabia, Pak-
istan.
Reasons why laws vary: religion, status of women.
14. How and why do laws on hon- Illegal in the UK but common in many South Asian families.
our crime vary between coun-
tries? They are a custom in some cultures when a woman damages
a family's reputation.
15. How and why do laws on homo- Legal in the UK since 1967. Illegal in countries such as Saudi
sexuality vary between coun- Arabia, Iran, Yemen, Nigeria.
tries?
Religion is a major reason for the difference.
16. Statute An Act of Parliament
17. Acquittal Verdict of a court when someone is found Not Guilty.
18. How has the law on prostitution Prostitution is legal but many of its associated activities are
changed in the UK? illegal, e.g. kerb crawling, soliciting, owning a brothel.
