NUR 170 Exam/NUR 170 Exam (Questions and Answers)
Graded A+ 100 % Success
effects of short term (unresolved) pain - ✔✔fight or flight
causes body to address pain
can lead to long term issues
physiologic signs of chronic pain - ✔✔immobility
decreased immune response
delayed healing
prolongs stress response
increases HR/BP/O2
decreases GI motility
quality of life effects of chronic pain - ✔✔impaired ADL's
depression, anxiety, hopelessness, fear, anger, insomnia
impaired relationships
financial effects of chronic pain - ✔✔increased hospital bills
longer hospital stays
loss of income for pt and family
acute pain - ✔✔short duration, usually has a well defined cause
chronic pain - ✔✔lasts longer than 3 months, may or may not have a defined cause
localized pain - ✔✔confined to site of origin
,projected pain - ✔✔diffused around the site of origin and is not well localized
radiating pain - ✔✔felt along a specific nerve or nerves
referred pain - ✔✔felt in an area distant from the site of painful stimuli
neuropathic pain - ✔✔abnormal function due to damage or destruction of systems in the
nervous system
neuropathic sources of acute pain - ✔✔phantom limb pain
post mastectomy
nerve compression
neuropathic sources of chronic pain - ✔✔HIV related pain diabetic neuropathy
cancer related nerve injury
postherpetic neuralgia
nociceptive pain - ✔✔normal function physiologic systems in response to a noxious stimuli such
as tissue damage or inflammation
somatic pain - ✔✔cutaneous or superficial
well localized, sharp, throbbing
somatic sources of acute pain - ✔✔incisional pain, pain at insertion site of drain/tube
wound complications
,somatic sources of chronic pain - ✔✔bony metastases, osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis,
low back pain
visceral pain - ✔✔typically originates at the organ level
poorly localized
visceral sources of acute pain - ✔✔chest tubes, abdominal tubes and drains, bladder distention
or spasms
visceral sources of chronic pain - ✔✔pancreatitis, liver metastases, colitis, appendicitis
assessment of pain - ✔✔verbal/nonverbal pain scales
culture
age
psychosocial
physical dependence - ✔✔response that occurs with repeated administration of an opioid for
several days
tolerance - ✔✔response that occurs with regular administration of an opioid and consists of a
decrease in one or more effects of the opioid
addiction - ✔✔Characterized by one or more: impaired control over drug use, compulsive use,
continued use despite risk or harm
pseudo addiction - ✔✔mistaken diagnosis of addictive disease
side effects of opioid administration - ✔✔Constipation
, Nausea
Urinary retention
Vomiting
Pruritus
Sedation
Respiratory depression
opioid reversal agent - ✔✔naloxone (narcan)
interventions to prevent opioid related constipation - ✔✔Assess previous bowel habits
Keep a record of BM's
Provide privacy
interventions to prevent opioid related nausea/vomiting - ✔✔Use a multimodal antiemetic
preventative approach
Assess cause of nausea and eliminate contributing factors if possible
Reduce opioid dose if possible
interventions to prevent opioid related sedation - ✔✔Use a simple sedation scale
reduce opioid dose
Eliminate unnecessary sedating drugs
Consider switching to another opioid
interventions to prevent opioid related respiratory depression - ✔✔counting RR alone does not
constitute a comprehensive respiratory assessment
knowing that snoring indicates respiratory obstruction
Stop opioid administration immediately for clinically significant respiratory depression
Graded A+ 100 % Success
effects of short term (unresolved) pain - ✔✔fight or flight
causes body to address pain
can lead to long term issues
physiologic signs of chronic pain - ✔✔immobility
decreased immune response
delayed healing
prolongs stress response
increases HR/BP/O2
decreases GI motility
quality of life effects of chronic pain - ✔✔impaired ADL's
depression, anxiety, hopelessness, fear, anger, insomnia
impaired relationships
financial effects of chronic pain - ✔✔increased hospital bills
longer hospital stays
loss of income for pt and family
acute pain - ✔✔short duration, usually has a well defined cause
chronic pain - ✔✔lasts longer than 3 months, may or may not have a defined cause
localized pain - ✔✔confined to site of origin
,projected pain - ✔✔diffused around the site of origin and is not well localized
radiating pain - ✔✔felt along a specific nerve or nerves
referred pain - ✔✔felt in an area distant from the site of painful stimuli
neuropathic pain - ✔✔abnormal function due to damage or destruction of systems in the
nervous system
neuropathic sources of acute pain - ✔✔phantom limb pain
post mastectomy
nerve compression
neuropathic sources of chronic pain - ✔✔HIV related pain diabetic neuropathy
cancer related nerve injury
postherpetic neuralgia
nociceptive pain - ✔✔normal function physiologic systems in response to a noxious stimuli such
as tissue damage or inflammation
somatic pain - ✔✔cutaneous or superficial
well localized, sharp, throbbing
somatic sources of acute pain - ✔✔incisional pain, pain at insertion site of drain/tube
wound complications
,somatic sources of chronic pain - ✔✔bony metastases, osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis,
low back pain
visceral pain - ✔✔typically originates at the organ level
poorly localized
visceral sources of acute pain - ✔✔chest tubes, abdominal tubes and drains, bladder distention
or spasms
visceral sources of chronic pain - ✔✔pancreatitis, liver metastases, colitis, appendicitis
assessment of pain - ✔✔verbal/nonverbal pain scales
culture
age
psychosocial
physical dependence - ✔✔response that occurs with repeated administration of an opioid for
several days
tolerance - ✔✔response that occurs with regular administration of an opioid and consists of a
decrease in one or more effects of the opioid
addiction - ✔✔Characterized by one or more: impaired control over drug use, compulsive use,
continued use despite risk or harm
pseudo addiction - ✔✔mistaken diagnosis of addictive disease
side effects of opioid administration - ✔✔Constipation
, Nausea
Urinary retention
Vomiting
Pruritus
Sedation
Respiratory depression
opioid reversal agent - ✔✔naloxone (narcan)
interventions to prevent opioid related constipation - ✔✔Assess previous bowel habits
Keep a record of BM's
Provide privacy
interventions to prevent opioid related nausea/vomiting - ✔✔Use a multimodal antiemetic
preventative approach
Assess cause of nausea and eliminate contributing factors if possible
Reduce opioid dose if possible
interventions to prevent opioid related sedation - ✔✔Use a simple sedation scale
reduce opioid dose
Eliminate unnecessary sedating drugs
Consider switching to another opioid
interventions to prevent opioid related respiratory depression - ✔✔counting RR alone does not
constitute a comprehensive respiratory assessment
knowing that snoring indicates respiratory obstruction
Stop opioid administration immediately for clinically significant respiratory depression
