represent words or phrases
phoneme Correct Answer: in language, the smallest distinctive sound unit
Early Reader (Stage of Reading Development) Correct Answer: Early readers begin
understanding that reading from the printed page needs to make sense - both
from the pictures and from the print
Phoneme Manipulation Correct Answer: The ability to perform phoneme
deletion, addition, and substitution.
capitaliztion Correct Answer: the action of starting a word with a capital letter to
signify a certain characteristic
phoneme segmentation Correct Answer: ability to break down a word into
separate sounds, as they say, and count each sound words
Directionality Correct Answer: the direction in which a language is read
phoneme addition Correct Answer: the ability to make a new word(s) by adding a
phoneme to an existing word
What new word can you make by adding a sound to the beginning of at? Bat, cat,
rat, and sat.
Early Fluent/Fluent/ Proficient Reader (Stage of Reading Development) Correct
Answer: readers recognize many words and can apply phonics and word analysis
skills to figure out unfamiliar words
syllabic writing system Correct Answer: a writing system in which each character
represents a syllable
, punctuation Correct Answer: The marks, such as periods, commas, and
parentheses, are used in writing to separate sentences and their elements and to
clarify meaning.
Alphabetic Writing System Correct Answer: a writing system in which there is a
symbol for each consonant and vowel
Emergent Reader (Stage of Reading Development) Correct Answer: when children
understand that written language has meaning and gives messages
Onset and Rime Correct Answer: the ability to hear and understand that the
sound(s) before the vowel in a syllable is the onset, and the vowel and everything
that comes after it in a syllable is the rime.
Rhyme Awareness / Rhyming Correct Answer: the ability first to hear words that
rhyme and then to be able to produce a rhyme(s)
"Blue" and "Flew" rhyme
Syllable Awareness/Syllabication/Syllable Segmentation Correct Answer: the
ability to hear individual parts/syllables of words
Phoneme Isolation Correct Answer: the ability to hear and recognize the
individual sound in words
phoneme deletion Correct Answer: the ability to recognize and understand a
word or sound(s) that remain when a phoneme is removed.
"What is bat without the /b/?" "at"
Alphabetic Principle Correct Answer: The understanding that there is a
logical/systematic relationship between the sounds of spoken English and the
letters and letter-patterns of written English.
Language Interference Correct Answer: differences between a learner's native
language and the language being learned, which can cause confusion in the
acquisition of the new language
When a learner applies knowledge from one language incorrectly to another
language resulting in word, syntax or pronunciation errors.