NR507 FINAL EXAM: NR 507 ADVANCED
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY, 2025/2026 WITH
CORRECT/ACCURATE ANSWERS (WITH
ANSWERS + RATIONALES)
AT CHAMBERLAIN UNIVERSITY
NR507:
NEUROLOGY & SEIZURES, RENAL SYSTEM, CARDIOLOGY, RESPIRATORY, ENDOCRINE,
GASTROINTESTINAL, HEMATOLOGY, REPRODUCTIVE, IMMUNOLOGY,
PHARMACOLOGY
, ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Multiple Choice Questions (100)
Format 1 (Compact)
NEUROLOGY & SEIZURES
1. Ketogenic diet provides what benefit in seizure disorders?
A. Restores sodium–potassium channels
B. Provides alternative fuel for brain metabolism
C. Increases insulin sensitivity
D. Decreases CSF pressure
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ketogenic diet supplies ketone bodies, an alternative energy source that stabilizes
neuronal activity.
2. Vagus nerve stimulation controls seizures by:
A. Increasing dopamine
B. Modulating neurotransmitter release
C. Enhancing serotonin
D. Blocking calcium channels
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Vagal stimulation alters neurotransmitter pathways, reducing seizure frequency.
3. A focal seizure without dyscognitive features will:
A. Cause loss of awareness
B. Cause complete paralysis
C. Preserve consciousness
, D. Always generalize
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: By definition, focal aware seizures do not impair consciousness.
4. A tonic–clonic seizure includes all EXCEPT:
A. Loss of consciousness
B. Cyanosis
C. Jaw clenching
D. Absence staring episodes
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Absence seizures involve staring; tonic-clonic seizures involve tonic + clonic
activity.
5. The tonic phase lasts approximately:
A. 1–5 seconds
B. 10–30 seconds
C. 1 minute
D. 5 minutes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Classic tonic phase duration is 10–30 seconds before rhythmic clonic activity
starts.
6. Tonic–clonic seizures occur due to:
A. Dopamine depletion
B. Cerebellar degeneration
C. Excessive neuronal discharge in motor cortex
D. NMDA receptor blockade
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hyperexcitable neurons in the motor cortex fire synchronously.
7. Disease-modifying treatments for MS work by:
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY, 2025/2026 WITH
CORRECT/ACCURATE ANSWERS (WITH
ANSWERS + RATIONALES)
AT CHAMBERLAIN UNIVERSITY
NR507:
NEUROLOGY & SEIZURES, RENAL SYSTEM, CARDIOLOGY, RESPIRATORY, ENDOCRINE,
GASTROINTESTINAL, HEMATOLOGY, REPRODUCTIVE, IMMUNOLOGY,
PHARMACOLOGY
, ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Multiple Choice Questions (100)
Format 1 (Compact)
NEUROLOGY & SEIZURES
1. Ketogenic diet provides what benefit in seizure disorders?
A. Restores sodium–potassium channels
B. Provides alternative fuel for brain metabolism
C. Increases insulin sensitivity
D. Decreases CSF pressure
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ketogenic diet supplies ketone bodies, an alternative energy source that stabilizes
neuronal activity.
2. Vagus nerve stimulation controls seizures by:
A. Increasing dopamine
B. Modulating neurotransmitter release
C. Enhancing serotonin
D. Blocking calcium channels
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Vagal stimulation alters neurotransmitter pathways, reducing seizure frequency.
3. A focal seizure without dyscognitive features will:
A. Cause loss of awareness
B. Cause complete paralysis
C. Preserve consciousness
, D. Always generalize
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: By definition, focal aware seizures do not impair consciousness.
4. A tonic–clonic seizure includes all EXCEPT:
A. Loss of consciousness
B. Cyanosis
C. Jaw clenching
D. Absence staring episodes
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Absence seizures involve staring; tonic-clonic seizures involve tonic + clonic
activity.
5. The tonic phase lasts approximately:
A. 1–5 seconds
B. 10–30 seconds
C. 1 minute
D. 5 minutes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Classic tonic phase duration is 10–30 seconds before rhythmic clonic activity
starts.
6. Tonic–clonic seizures occur due to:
A. Dopamine depletion
B. Cerebellar degeneration
C. Excessive neuronal discharge in motor cortex
D. NMDA receptor blockade
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hyperexcitable neurons in the motor cortex fire synchronously.
7. Disease-modifying treatments for MS work by:
