Instructional strategies to promote oral language skills Correct Answer:
recommended to use vocabulary words in context, many opportunities to listen
and speak for a variety of purposes to both peers and adults
Portfolios Correct Answer: collection of completed student work selected by the
student and the teacher. can be used to track progress over time and check for
mastery of certain skills.
Oral language development Correct Answer: phonological skills: ability to
recognize and manipulate sounds in spoken words
syntactic skills: understanding grammatical rules and how to correctly arrange
words in sentences.
semantics: ability to understand meanings of words, phrases, sentences, and
longer texts.
Morphological skills: understanding meanings of word parts
pragmatics: understanding social rules of language
dysgraphia Correct Answer: disorder of written expression. difficulty holding
pencils correctly, forming letters, writing on lines, putting thoughts into written
words, and organizing writing in meaningful ways.
selecting appropriate texts to support the backgrounds and interests of diverse
learners Correct Answer: teachers should consider students' reading levels and
stages of reading development to determine how much text support is needed,
for emergent readers teachers should consider how much picture support is
present, how many words are printed on each page, and predictability of text. for
transitional and fluent readers, teachers should consider text complexity.
,reading strategies vs. reading interventions Correct Answer: reading strategies are
methods teachers use to help students learn reading skills. Interventions are
specific plans to help students make progress in targeted areas.
transitional stage of writing development Correct Answer: students begin using
mixture of capital and lowercase letters appropriately. use several different
punctuation marks, writing includes broader vocabulary than when they were in
the emergent stage.
texts at students' instructional reading levels Correct Answer: texts read with 90%
to 94% accuracy, respond correctly to 70% to 89% of comprehension questions.
These books present some challenges for readers, but they can still be read
without frustration
texts at students' independent reading levels Correct Answer: texts read with 95-
100% accuracy, respond correctly to 90 to 100& of comprehension questions.
These books can be read by the students with no assistance
analyzing and interpreting assessment data Correct Answer: creating charts and
graphs outlining different data subsets, identify students who did not
demonstrate proficiency on each standard, track individual student performance
on each standard over time.
when to respond to miscues in reading Correct Answer: overcorrection may
interfere with confidence and reading enjoyment. Teachers should strategically
choose which types of errors to respond to during each reading session. one
approach, only intervene for one error. Another approach is to intervene only
when errors effect meaning of text.
locate and identify features of expository texts Correct Answer: feature walks,
charts listing features and functions posted in the classroom, comprehension
questions that require use of text features to answer.
learning environments supportive of cultural and linguistic differences Correct
Answer: classrooms should incorporate culturally and linguistically diverse
materials from cultures of students. Reading materials, artwork, classroom labels,
and posters are examples of diverse materials that can be included.
,activities that support reading, writing, listening, and speaking development
Correct Answer: four main components of english language development, often
used together. project-based learning activities and performance assessments are
useful for integrating these four skills.
why explicitly teach nonverbal communication skills Correct Answer: sometimes
known as body language, works with verbal communication to convey desired
messages, if used inappropriately meaning of communication may be lost or
misconstrued. nonverbal communication can be interpreted differently based on
cultures, so students should be aware of messages nonverbal communication is
sending to audiences.
syntactic cues Correct Answer: readers use their knowledge about correct oral
language structures and the ways sentences are put together to decode and make
meaning of an unknown word.
texts at students' frustration levels Correct Answer: texts read with less than 90%
accuracy, respond correctly to less than 70% of comprehension questions. These
books are considered difficult for students to read.
flexible groupings Correct Answer: way to differentiate instruction, more targeted
instruction based on needs of students, groups can be small or large and the
students in the group change based on needs. formal and informal assessment
data can be used to group students.
david perkins' theory of learnable intelligence Correct Answer: three types of
intelligence: neural (IQ, can't be changed), experiential (types of experiences one
has), and reflective (ability to problem solve and reason). experiential and
reflective knowledge can be grown over time.
common characteristics of reading retention deficiencies Correct Answer:
difficulties remembering what they have read, may occur due to difficulties
transferring information to short- or long-term memory or difficulties retrieving
information previously stored in long term memory. graphic organizers can be
used to help students while they read, story maps can be used, sequencing charts,
notes, and text summaries can be used.
, instructional technology used to promote literacy development at home Correct
Answer: online games and apps that can be used to practice literacy skills, digital
storybooks, communication with others using digital tools
SQ3R Correct Answer: a study method incorporating five steps: Survey, Question,
Read, Retrieve, Review. can help students comprehend textbooks.
instructional strategies to teach word analysis skills and vocabulary to ELLs
Correct Answer: focusing on cognates is one way to help build word analysis skills
and vocabulary for ELLs. visuals can be used that show meanings of words.
context clues to figure out meanings of unknown words Correct Answer: teachers
should explicitly introduce students to different types of context clues, including
definition, antonym, synonym, and inference clues.
formative vs. summative assessment Correct Answer: -formative is embedded in
learning, giving feedback, ongoing
-summative is 'high' stakes to determine progress
family members promote love of reading at home Correct Answer: incorporate
reading time into children's lives daily. sometimes family members can read aloud
to their children, have children read aloud to them, or take turns on who reads
aloud.
role reading specialists play in improving school reading curricula Correct Answer:
have access to assessment data from multiple grade levels and time periods. can
lead data analysis teams that look for trends that may indicate gaps in their
schools' reading curricula.
help readers recognize and explore meanings of unknown vocabulary words
Correct Answer: first it's important to ID unknown vocab words, then students
need to determine which words are central to meanings of the text and worth
exploring further. Then, students can be encouraged to use strategies such as
context clues, looking for known roots or affixes, or consulting dictionaries.
specific instructional strategies to teach word analysis skills to highly proficient
readers Correct Answer: can benefit from developing same word analysis skills as
other readers, such as looking for known parts in unfamiliar vocabulary words,
recommended to use vocabulary words in context, many opportunities to listen
and speak for a variety of purposes to both peers and adults
Portfolios Correct Answer: collection of completed student work selected by the
student and the teacher. can be used to track progress over time and check for
mastery of certain skills.
Oral language development Correct Answer: phonological skills: ability to
recognize and manipulate sounds in spoken words
syntactic skills: understanding grammatical rules and how to correctly arrange
words in sentences.
semantics: ability to understand meanings of words, phrases, sentences, and
longer texts.
Morphological skills: understanding meanings of word parts
pragmatics: understanding social rules of language
dysgraphia Correct Answer: disorder of written expression. difficulty holding
pencils correctly, forming letters, writing on lines, putting thoughts into written
words, and organizing writing in meaningful ways.
selecting appropriate texts to support the backgrounds and interests of diverse
learners Correct Answer: teachers should consider students' reading levels and
stages of reading development to determine how much text support is needed,
for emergent readers teachers should consider how much picture support is
present, how many words are printed on each page, and predictability of text. for
transitional and fluent readers, teachers should consider text complexity.
,reading strategies vs. reading interventions Correct Answer: reading strategies are
methods teachers use to help students learn reading skills. Interventions are
specific plans to help students make progress in targeted areas.
transitional stage of writing development Correct Answer: students begin using
mixture of capital and lowercase letters appropriately. use several different
punctuation marks, writing includes broader vocabulary than when they were in
the emergent stage.
texts at students' instructional reading levels Correct Answer: texts read with 90%
to 94% accuracy, respond correctly to 70% to 89% of comprehension questions.
These books present some challenges for readers, but they can still be read
without frustration
texts at students' independent reading levels Correct Answer: texts read with 95-
100% accuracy, respond correctly to 90 to 100& of comprehension questions.
These books can be read by the students with no assistance
analyzing and interpreting assessment data Correct Answer: creating charts and
graphs outlining different data subsets, identify students who did not
demonstrate proficiency on each standard, track individual student performance
on each standard over time.
when to respond to miscues in reading Correct Answer: overcorrection may
interfere with confidence and reading enjoyment. Teachers should strategically
choose which types of errors to respond to during each reading session. one
approach, only intervene for one error. Another approach is to intervene only
when errors effect meaning of text.
locate and identify features of expository texts Correct Answer: feature walks,
charts listing features and functions posted in the classroom, comprehension
questions that require use of text features to answer.
learning environments supportive of cultural and linguistic differences Correct
Answer: classrooms should incorporate culturally and linguistically diverse
materials from cultures of students. Reading materials, artwork, classroom labels,
and posters are examples of diverse materials that can be included.
,activities that support reading, writing, listening, and speaking development
Correct Answer: four main components of english language development, often
used together. project-based learning activities and performance assessments are
useful for integrating these four skills.
why explicitly teach nonverbal communication skills Correct Answer: sometimes
known as body language, works with verbal communication to convey desired
messages, if used inappropriately meaning of communication may be lost or
misconstrued. nonverbal communication can be interpreted differently based on
cultures, so students should be aware of messages nonverbal communication is
sending to audiences.
syntactic cues Correct Answer: readers use their knowledge about correct oral
language structures and the ways sentences are put together to decode and make
meaning of an unknown word.
texts at students' frustration levels Correct Answer: texts read with less than 90%
accuracy, respond correctly to less than 70% of comprehension questions. These
books are considered difficult for students to read.
flexible groupings Correct Answer: way to differentiate instruction, more targeted
instruction based on needs of students, groups can be small or large and the
students in the group change based on needs. formal and informal assessment
data can be used to group students.
david perkins' theory of learnable intelligence Correct Answer: three types of
intelligence: neural (IQ, can't be changed), experiential (types of experiences one
has), and reflective (ability to problem solve and reason). experiential and
reflective knowledge can be grown over time.
common characteristics of reading retention deficiencies Correct Answer:
difficulties remembering what they have read, may occur due to difficulties
transferring information to short- or long-term memory or difficulties retrieving
information previously stored in long term memory. graphic organizers can be
used to help students while they read, story maps can be used, sequencing charts,
notes, and text summaries can be used.
, instructional technology used to promote literacy development at home Correct
Answer: online games and apps that can be used to practice literacy skills, digital
storybooks, communication with others using digital tools
SQ3R Correct Answer: a study method incorporating five steps: Survey, Question,
Read, Retrieve, Review. can help students comprehend textbooks.
instructional strategies to teach word analysis skills and vocabulary to ELLs
Correct Answer: focusing on cognates is one way to help build word analysis skills
and vocabulary for ELLs. visuals can be used that show meanings of words.
context clues to figure out meanings of unknown words Correct Answer: teachers
should explicitly introduce students to different types of context clues, including
definition, antonym, synonym, and inference clues.
formative vs. summative assessment Correct Answer: -formative is embedded in
learning, giving feedback, ongoing
-summative is 'high' stakes to determine progress
family members promote love of reading at home Correct Answer: incorporate
reading time into children's lives daily. sometimes family members can read aloud
to their children, have children read aloud to them, or take turns on who reads
aloud.
role reading specialists play in improving school reading curricula Correct Answer:
have access to assessment data from multiple grade levels and time periods. can
lead data analysis teams that look for trends that may indicate gaps in their
schools' reading curricula.
help readers recognize and explore meanings of unknown vocabulary words
Correct Answer: first it's important to ID unknown vocab words, then students
need to determine which words are central to meanings of the text and worth
exploring further. Then, students can be encouraged to use strategies such as
context clues, looking for known roots or affixes, or consulting dictionaries.
specific instructional strategies to teach word analysis skills to highly proficient
readers Correct Answer: can benefit from developing same word analysis skills as
other readers, such as looking for known parts in unfamiliar vocabulary words,
