Phoneme Correct Answer: a phoneme is the smallest part of SPOKEN language
that makes a difference in the meaning of the word. English has 44 phonemes.
Think of tapping.
Grapheme Correct Answer: smallest part of WRITTEN language. Think of line on
graph. Graphemes could be only one letter like b,d,f,p,s; or several letters such as
ch, sh, th, ck, ea, igh.
Phonics Correct Answer: the understanding that there is a predictable
relationship between phonemes (sounds of a spoken language) and graphemes
(written language).
Phonemic awareness Correct Answer: the ability to hear, identify, and manipulate
individual sounds-phonemes- in spoken words. This is purely auditory skill and
does not involve a connection to the written form of language. ONLY SPOKEN.
Lights on= alphabetic principle. Instruction must be SYSTEMATIC AND EXPLICIT.
Greatest predictors of reading success.
Phonological awareness Correct Answer: a broad umbrella term that include
phonemic awareness. In addition to phonemes, phonological awareness activities
can involve work with rhymes, words, syllables, and onsets and rimes. Lights out
its auditory. Ex. Rhyming, syllables, counting words in a sentence, hearing and
manipulating onset and rime and phonemic awareness.
Syllable Correct Answer: a word part that contains a vowel, or, in spoken
language, a vowel sound.
Onset and rime Correct Answer: parts of spoken language that are smaller than
syllables but larger than phonemes. An onset is the initial constant sound of a
, syllable; a rime is the part of the syllable that contains the vowel STOP= st= onset
and op= rime.
Instruction must be.. Correct Answer: SYSTEMATIC AND EXPLICIT.
Phoneme isolation Correct Answer: children recognize individual sounds in a
word. Teacher: what is the first sound in van? Children: The sound is v.
Phoneme identity Correct Answer: children recognize the same sounds in
different words. Teacher: What sound is the same in fall, fix and fun. Student: The
f is the same.
Phoneme categorization Correct Answer: children recognize the word that is odd
in a set. Teacher: What doesn't belong Bus, Bun and Rug?
Student: Rug.
Phoneme blending Correct Answer: children listen to a sequence of separately
spoken phonemes, and then combine the phonemes to form a word. Then they
write and read the word. Teacher: What word is b/i/g? (tapping) Children: b/i/g/
is big.
Phoneme segmenation Correct Answer: Teacher: How many sounds are in grab?
Children (tapping): g r a b. Four sounds.
Teacher: Now let's write the sounds in grab: g r a b
Teacher: writes grab on the board. Now we're going to read the word grab.
Phoneme addition Correct Answer: Children make a new word by adding a
phoneme to an existing word. Write park, now change park to spark.
Phoneme substitution Correct Answer: children substitute one phoneme for
another to make a new word. The word is bug. Change bug to bun.
Alphabetic principle Correct Answer: understanding that there are systematic and
predictable relationships between written letters and spoken sounds. A apple a.
Book handling skills Correct Answer: illustrates a children's knowledge of how
books "work". How to hold the book, tracking print from left to right, front and
back cover, title page, dedication page etc.
that makes a difference in the meaning of the word. English has 44 phonemes.
Think of tapping.
Grapheme Correct Answer: smallest part of WRITTEN language. Think of line on
graph. Graphemes could be only one letter like b,d,f,p,s; or several letters such as
ch, sh, th, ck, ea, igh.
Phonics Correct Answer: the understanding that there is a predictable
relationship between phonemes (sounds of a spoken language) and graphemes
(written language).
Phonemic awareness Correct Answer: the ability to hear, identify, and manipulate
individual sounds-phonemes- in spoken words. This is purely auditory skill and
does not involve a connection to the written form of language. ONLY SPOKEN.
Lights on= alphabetic principle. Instruction must be SYSTEMATIC AND EXPLICIT.
Greatest predictors of reading success.
Phonological awareness Correct Answer: a broad umbrella term that include
phonemic awareness. In addition to phonemes, phonological awareness activities
can involve work with rhymes, words, syllables, and onsets and rimes. Lights out
its auditory. Ex. Rhyming, syllables, counting words in a sentence, hearing and
manipulating onset and rime and phonemic awareness.
Syllable Correct Answer: a word part that contains a vowel, or, in spoken
language, a vowel sound.
Onset and rime Correct Answer: parts of spoken language that are smaller than
syllables but larger than phonemes. An onset is the initial constant sound of a
, syllable; a rime is the part of the syllable that contains the vowel STOP= st= onset
and op= rime.
Instruction must be.. Correct Answer: SYSTEMATIC AND EXPLICIT.
Phoneme isolation Correct Answer: children recognize individual sounds in a
word. Teacher: what is the first sound in van? Children: The sound is v.
Phoneme identity Correct Answer: children recognize the same sounds in
different words. Teacher: What sound is the same in fall, fix and fun. Student: The
f is the same.
Phoneme categorization Correct Answer: children recognize the word that is odd
in a set. Teacher: What doesn't belong Bus, Bun and Rug?
Student: Rug.
Phoneme blending Correct Answer: children listen to a sequence of separately
spoken phonemes, and then combine the phonemes to form a word. Then they
write and read the word. Teacher: What word is b/i/g? (tapping) Children: b/i/g/
is big.
Phoneme segmenation Correct Answer: Teacher: How many sounds are in grab?
Children (tapping): g r a b. Four sounds.
Teacher: Now let's write the sounds in grab: g r a b
Teacher: writes grab on the board. Now we're going to read the word grab.
Phoneme addition Correct Answer: Children make a new word by adding a
phoneme to an existing word. Write park, now change park to spark.
Phoneme substitution Correct Answer: children substitute one phoneme for
another to make a new word. The word is bug. Change bug to bun.
Alphabetic principle Correct Answer: understanding that there are systematic and
predictable relationships between written letters and spoken sounds. A apple a.
Book handling skills Correct Answer: illustrates a children's knowledge of how
books "work". How to hold the book, tracking print from left to right, front and
back cover, title page, dedication page etc.
