QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
◉ Generativity v. Stagnation. Answer: - adulthood
- establish concern for guiding next generation. Capacity for caring,
nurturing, and concern for others.
- Psychological Dangers: stagnation, caring only for self, artificial
intimacy, self-indulgence
◉ Ego integrity v. Despair. Answer: - late adulthood
- acceptance of life, achievements, significant relationships as
satisfactory and acceptable.
- Psychological Dangers: despair, sense that time is too short to start
over; self-criticism, regret. and fear of impending death
◉ Erikson's 8 Psychosocial Stages. Answer: 1. Hope
2. Will
3. Purpose
4. Competence
5. Fidelity
6. Love
7. Care
,8. Wisdom
◉ Ego strength. Answer: Results from overcoming of crises in each
stage of development and allows individual to maintain good mental
health despite challenges and cope with conflict.
◉ Piaget's Theory - Define Action. Answer: overt behavior
◉ Piaget's Theory - Define Operation. Answer: particular type of
action that may be internalized thought
◉ Piaget's Theory - Define Activity in Development. Answer: the
child is not a passive subject but an active contributor to the
construction of their personality/universe.
◉ Piaget's Theory - Define Adaptation. Answer: accommodation:
adapting to the characteristics of the object
assimilation: incorporation of external reality into the existing
mental organization
◉ Piaget's Stages of Cognitive and Moral Development. Answer:
Sensorimotor (birth to 2 years)
Pre-Operational (2 to 7 years)
Concrete Operational (7 to 11 years)
,Formal Operational (11 years to adolescence)
◉ Sensorimotor Stage. Answer: - birth to 2 years
- symbolic function
- can focus on objects; learns to predict events; sense of causality
◉ Pre-Operational Stage. Answer: - 2 to 7 years
- symbolic thought from sensory-motor thinking
◉ Concrete Operational Stage. Answer: - 7 to 11 years
- capacity to order and relate experience to an organized whole
- can explore several solutions and able to return to original outlook
◉ Formal Operational Stage. Answer: - 11 to adolescence
- visualize events and concepts beyond the present; can form
theories
◉ Kohlberg's Levels and Stages of Moral Development. Answer:
Stage 1: Pre-Conventional (rule following, egocentric)
Stage 2: Pre-Conventional (moral reciprocity; justify retaliation;
conventional morality)
, Stage 3: Conventional (virtue & stereotypical roles)
Stage 4: Conventional (larger social system perspective,
understanding of law)
Stage 5: Post-Conventional (not always clear cut understanding of
things)
Stage 6: Post-Conventional (developed own set of moral guidelines
and defend such)
◉ Authoritarian (Autocratic) Parenting. Answer: Obedience without
question, harsh punishment, make children obey.
These children have low self-esteem, are dependent, introverted,
and have poor social skills.
◉ Authoritative (Democratic) Parenting. Answer: Parents provide
boundaries and expect obedience, but use love when disciplining.
Discuss reasoning, encourage independence, and enforce rules.
These children have higher self-esteem, good social skills, and
confidence in self.