Pathophysiology Study Guide | Based on The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults & Children (8th Edition – McCance & Huether) | Complete System Breakdown & Clinical Concepts (2025 Updated)

TESTBANK

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
THEBIOLOGICBASISFORDISEASEINADULTSANDCHILDREN
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8thEdition
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KathrynL.McCance,SueE.Huether
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Contents
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology ...........................................................................................................................4
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Chapter 02: Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology: Environmental Agents .........................................................18
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Chapter 03: The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases .............................................31
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Chapter 04:Genes and GeneticDiseases .......................................................................................................44
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Chapter 05: Genes, Environment-Lifestyle,and Common Diseases ...............................................................55
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Chapter 06: Epigenetics and Disease ............................................................................................................63
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Chapter 07: Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing ...................................................................68
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Chapter08: Adaptive Immunity ...................................................................................................................83
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Chapter 09: Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation .................................................................................95
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Chapter 10: Infection .................................................................................................................................108
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Chapter 11: Stress and Disease ...................................................................................................................117
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Chapter 12: CancerBiology.........................................................................................................................124
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Chapter 13: Cancer Epidemiology ...............................................................................................................137
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Chapter 14: Cancerin Children....................................................................................................................143
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Chapter 15: Structure and Function ofthe Neurologic System ....................................................................148
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Chapter 16: Pain,Temperature Regulation, Sleep, andSensory Function ....................................................159
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Chapter 17: Alterationsin Cognitive Systems,Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function .....................174
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Chapter 18:Disordersofthe Centraland Peripheral Nervous Systems andthe Neuromuscular Junction
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Chapter 19: Neurobiology of Schizophrenia,Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders ...................................199
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Chapter 20: Alterations ofNeurologic Function in Children .........................................................................206
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Chapter 21:MechanismsofHormonalRegulation .......................................................................................213
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Chapter 22:Alterations ofHormonal Regulation .........................................................................................222
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Chapter 23: Obesity andDisordersof Nutrition ...........................................................................................234
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Chapter 24: Structure and Function ofthe Reproductive Systems ...............................................................239
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Chapter 25: Alterations ofthe Female Reproductive System .......................................................................249
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Chapter 26: Alterationsofthe Male Reproductive System ..........................................................................259
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Chapter 27: Sexually Transmitted Infections ..............................................................................................265
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Chapter 28: Structure and Function ofthe Hematologic System .................................................................273
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Chapter 29: Alterations ofErythrocytes, Platelets, andHemostatic Function ...............................................283
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Chapter 30: AlterationsofLeukocyte and Lymphoid Function......................................................................293
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Chapter 31: Alterations ofHematologic Function in Children .......................................................................300
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Chapter 32: Structure and Function ofthe Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems ......................................311
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Chapter 33: Alterations ofCardiovascular Function ....................................................................................324
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Chapter 34: Alterations ofCardiovascular Function inChildren ....................................................................338
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Chapter 35:Structure and Function ofthePulmonary System .....................................................................346
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Chapter 36: Alterations ofPulmonary Function .........................................................................................356
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Chapter 37: Alterations ofPulmonary Function inChildren ..........................................................................373
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Chapter 38: Structure and Function ofthe Renal andUrologic Systems........................................................381
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Chapter 39: Alterations ofRenal and Urinary Tract Function .......................................................................391
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Chapter 40:AlterationsofRenal and UrinaryTract Function in Children ........................................................401
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Chapter 41: Structure andFunction oftheDigestive System ........................................................................409
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Chapter 42: AlterationsofDigestive Function .............................................................................................421
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Chapter 43: AlterationsofDigestive Function in Children ............................................................................432
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Chapter 44: Structure and Function ofthe Musculoskeletal System ...........................................................441
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Chapter 45: Alterations ofMusculoskeletal Function ..................................................................................453
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Chapter 46: Alterations ofMusculoskeletal Function in Children .................................................................466
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Chapter 47: Structure, Function, andDisordersof the Integument ...............................................................475
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Chapter 48: Alterations ofthe Integument in Children .................................................................................486
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Chapter 49: Shock,Multiple OrganDysfunctionSyndrome, and Burnsin Adults ............................................494
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Chapter 50: Shock,Multiple OrganDysfunctionSyndrome, and Burnsin Children .........................................502
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, TestBank -Pathophysiology:TheBiologicBasisforDiseaseinAdultsand Children(8th)
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Chapter01:CellularBiology t
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MULTIPLE CHOICE .6t




1. Whichstatement best describes thecellularfunction of metabolicabsorption?
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a. Cellscanproduceproteins. .6t .6t .6t




b. Cellscansecrete digestiveenzymes. .6t .6t .6t .6t




c. Cellscantakeinandusenutrients. .6t .6t .6t .6t .6t




d. Cellscan synthesizefats. .6t .6t .6t




ANS: . 6 t C
Inmetabolic absorption,all cellstakeinand usenutrientsand othersubstances from their
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surroundings. The remainingoptions arenot inclusive in their descriptions of cellular
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metabolicabsorption.
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PTS: . 6 t . 6 t 1 DIF: CognitiveLevel:Remembering .6t .6t




2. Whereismostofacell’sgeneticinformation,includingRNAand DNA,contained?.6t .6t .6t .6t .6t .6t .6t .6t .6t .6t .6t




a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome

ANS: . 6 t C
Thenucleuscontainsthe nucleolus, asmalldense structurecomposedlargelyofRNA,most ofthe cellular
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DNA, andthe DNA-binding proteins, suchas thehistones, which regulate its activity.
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The mitochondria are responsible for cellular respiration and energyproduction.
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. Ribosomes’chieffunction isto provide sitesforcellularprotein synthesis. Lysosomesfunctionas
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the intracellular digestive system.
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PTS: . 6 t . 6 t 1 DIF: CognitiveLevel: Remembering .6t .6t




3. Whichcomponentofthecellproduceshydrogenperoxide(H2O2)byusingoxygento
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.6t removehydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction? .6t .6t .6t .6t .6t .6t .6t .6t




a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Endosome
ANS: . 6 t B