Burns’ Pediatric Primary Care (8th Ed.) — Complete Chapter-
by-Chapter Test Bank: Verified Answers & Detailed Rationales
(New Edition)
Reference: Ch. 1 — Pediatric Primary Care — Primary Care
Versus Primary Prevention
Question Stem: A 2-month-old well child presents for a routine
visit. The parent asks whether the visit is mainly “treating”
problems or preventing disease. Which statement best
distinguishes primary prevention from the broader role of
primary care?
Options:
A. Primary prevention focuses on diagnosing existing conditions
early; primary care focuses on immunizations only.
B. Primary prevention aims to prevent disease onset (e.g.,
immunizations, safe-sleep counseling); primary care includes
prevention plus ongoing diagnosis, treatment, and care
coordination.
C. Primary prevention is delivered only by public health
agencies; primary care is limited to physicians in clinics.
D. Primary prevention is the same as health screening
performed at well-child visits.
Correct Answer: B
,Rationales:
• Correct (B): Primary prevention includes interventions that
prevent disease before it occurs (immunizations, safety
counseling), while primary care encompasses prevention
as well as diagnosis, treatment, and coordination of care.
• A (incorrect): Primary prevention is not primarily about
diagnosing existing conditions; that describes secondary
prevention/screening.
• C (incorrect): Primary prevention is provided across
settings (primary care and public health), not exclusively by
public health agencies.
• D (incorrect): Screening is secondary prevention (early
detection), not primary prevention which prevents disease
onset.
Teaching Point: Primary prevention prevents disease onset;
primary care also diagnoses, treats, and coordinates care.
Citation: Burns, C. E. (2025). Burns’ Pediatric Primary Care (8th
Ed.). Ch. 1.
2
Reference: Ch. 1 — Pediatric Primary Care — Primary Care
Versus Primary Prevention
,Question Stem: A clinic is designing a program to reduce
adolescent tobacco initiation. Which intervention is the
strongest example of primary prevention within primary care?
Options:
A. Screening adolescents for nicotine exposure during annual
visits.
B. Referring adolescents with positive tobacco cotinine to
cessation specialists.
C. Delivering brief counseling and school-based education to
prevent initiation.
D. Prescribing nicotine replacement therapy to current smokers.
Correct Answer: C
Rationales:
• Correct (C): Brief counseling and education targeted to
prevent initiation are classic primary prevention strategies.
• A (incorrect): Screening is secondary prevention (detecting
exposure), not primary prevention.
• B (incorrect): Referral for cessation treats existing behavior
(tertiary/secondary care).
• D (incorrect): Pharmacologic treatment addresses
established tobacco use, not prevention of initiation.
Teaching Point: Prevention programs aim to stop problems
before they start (education/counseling).
, Citation: Burns, C. E. (2025). Burns’ Pediatric Primary Care (8th
Ed.). Ch. 1.
3
Reference: Ch. 1 — Pediatric Primary Care — Pediatric Primary
Care Providers
Question Stem: A 9-year-old with asthma is seen by a family
nurse practitioner (FNP) in your clinic for routine follow-up. The
parent asks whether the FNP can adjust the child’s controller
inhaler dose. Which statement best reflects scope-of-practice
and team-based primary care principles?
Options:
A. Only physicians may change prescription doses for children;
NPs can only reinforce teaching.
B. An FNP with appropriate training and collaborative practice
agreement can assess control and adjust inhaler dosing
following evidence-based protocols.
C. The FNP should refuse and schedule a new appointment with
a pediatric pulmonologist before any change.
D. Midlevel providers may recommend alternate therapies but
must never alter doses.
Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
by-Chapter Test Bank: Verified Answers & Detailed Rationales
(New Edition)
Reference: Ch. 1 — Pediatric Primary Care — Primary Care
Versus Primary Prevention
Question Stem: A 2-month-old well child presents for a routine
visit. The parent asks whether the visit is mainly “treating”
problems or preventing disease. Which statement best
distinguishes primary prevention from the broader role of
primary care?
Options:
A. Primary prevention focuses on diagnosing existing conditions
early; primary care focuses on immunizations only.
B. Primary prevention aims to prevent disease onset (e.g.,
immunizations, safe-sleep counseling); primary care includes
prevention plus ongoing diagnosis, treatment, and care
coordination.
C. Primary prevention is delivered only by public health
agencies; primary care is limited to physicians in clinics.
D. Primary prevention is the same as health screening
performed at well-child visits.
Correct Answer: B
,Rationales:
• Correct (B): Primary prevention includes interventions that
prevent disease before it occurs (immunizations, safety
counseling), while primary care encompasses prevention
as well as diagnosis, treatment, and coordination of care.
• A (incorrect): Primary prevention is not primarily about
diagnosing existing conditions; that describes secondary
prevention/screening.
• C (incorrect): Primary prevention is provided across
settings (primary care and public health), not exclusively by
public health agencies.
• D (incorrect): Screening is secondary prevention (early
detection), not primary prevention which prevents disease
onset.
Teaching Point: Primary prevention prevents disease onset;
primary care also diagnoses, treats, and coordinates care.
Citation: Burns, C. E. (2025). Burns’ Pediatric Primary Care (8th
Ed.). Ch. 1.
2
Reference: Ch. 1 — Pediatric Primary Care — Primary Care
Versus Primary Prevention
,Question Stem: A clinic is designing a program to reduce
adolescent tobacco initiation. Which intervention is the
strongest example of primary prevention within primary care?
Options:
A. Screening adolescents for nicotine exposure during annual
visits.
B. Referring adolescents with positive tobacco cotinine to
cessation specialists.
C. Delivering brief counseling and school-based education to
prevent initiation.
D. Prescribing nicotine replacement therapy to current smokers.
Correct Answer: C
Rationales:
• Correct (C): Brief counseling and education targeted to
prevent initiation are classic primary prevention strategies.
• A (incorrect): Screening is secondary prevention (detecting
exposure), not primary prevention.
• B (incorrect): Referral for cessation treats existing behavior
(tertiary/secondary care).
• D (incorrect): Pharmacologic treatment addresses
established tobacco use, not prevention of initiation.
Teaching Point: Prevention programs aim to stop problems
before they start (education/counseling).
, Citation: Burns, C. E. (2025). Burns’ Pediatric Primary Care (8th
Ed.). Ch. 1.
3
Reference: Ch. 1 — Pediatric Primary Care — Pediatric Primary
Care Providers
Question Stem: A 9-year-old with asthma is seen by a family
nurse practitioner (FNP) in your clinic for routine follow-up. The
parent asks whether the FNP can adjust the child’s controller
inhaler dose. Which statement best reflects scope-of-practice
and team-based primary care principles?
Options:
A. Only physicians may change prescription doses for children;
NPs can only reinforce teaching.
B. An FNP with appropriate training and collaborative practice
agreement can assess control and adjust inhaler dosing
following evidence-based protocols.
C. The FNP should refuse and schedule a new appointment with
a pediatric pulmonologist before any change.
D. Midlevel providers may recommend alternate therapies but
must never alter doses.
Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
