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There is a tremendous variety of products, from single-chip microcomputers costing a few dollars to
supercomputers costing tens of millions of dollars that can rightly claim the name "computer".
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The variety of computer products is exhibited only in cost.
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Computer organization refers to attributes of a system visible to the programmer.
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Changes in computer technology are finally slowing down.
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The textbook for this course is about the structure and function of computers.
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The number of bits used to represent various data types is an example of an architectural attribute.
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Interfaces between the computer and peripherals is an example of an organizational attribute.
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Historically the distinction between architecture and organization has not been an important one.
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A particular architecture may span many years and encompass a number of different computer
models, its organization changing with changing technology.
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A microcomputer architecture and organization relationship is not very close.
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Changes in technology not only influence organization but also result in the introduction of more
powerful and more complex architectures.
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The hierarchical nature of complex systems is essential to both their design and their description.
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Both the structure and functioning of a computer are, in essence, simple.
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A computer must be able to process, store, move, and control data.
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,When data are moved over longer distances, to or from a remote device, the process is known as
data transport.
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Computer technology is changing at a __________ pace.
A. Slow
B. Slow to medium
C. Rapid
D. Non-existent ✔Correct Answer-C
Computer _________ refers to those attributes that have a direct impact on the logical execution of
a program.
A. Organization
B. Specifics
C. Design
D. Architecture ✔Correct Answer-D
Architectural attributes include __________ .
A. I/O mechanisms
B. Control signals
C. Interfaces
D. Memory technology used ✔Correct Answer-A
_________ attributes include hardware details transparent to the programmer.
A. Interface
B. Organizational
C. Memory
D. Architectural ✔Correct Answer-B
It is a(n) _________ design issue whether a computer will have a multiply instruction.
A. Architectural
B. Memory
C. Elementary
D. Organizational ✔Correct Answer-A
It is a(n) _________ issue whether the multiply instruction will be implemented by a special multiply
unit or by a mechanism that makes repeated use of the add unit of the system.
A. Architectural
B. Memory
C. Mechanical
D. Organizational ✔Correct Answer-D
A __________ system is a set of interrelated subsystems.
A. Secondary
B. Hierarchical
C. Complex
D. Functional ✔Correct Answer-B
An I/O device is referred to as a __________.
A. CPU
,B. Control device
C. Peripheral
D. Register ✔Correct Answer-C
When data are moved over longer distances, to or from a remote device, the process is known as
__________.
A. Data communications
B. Registering
C. Structuring
D. Data transport ✔Correct Answer-A
The _________ stores data.
A. System bus
B. I/O
C. Main memory
D. Control unit ✔Correct Answer-C
The __________ moves data between the computer and its external environment.
A. Data transport
B. I/O
C. Register
D. CPU interconnection ✔Correct Answer-B
A common example of system interconnection is by means of a __________.
A. Register
B. System bus
C. Data transport
D. Control device ✔Correct Answer-B
A _________ is a mechanism that provides for communication among CPU, main memory, and I/O.
A. System interconnection
B. CPU interconnection
C. Peripheral
D. Processor ✔Correct Answer-A
_________ provide storage internal to the CPU.
A. Control units
B. ALUs
C. Main memory
D. Registers ✔Correct Answer-D
The __________ performs the computer's data processing functions.
A. Register
B. CPU interconnection
C. ALU
D. System bus ✔Correct Answer-C
The world's first general-purpose electronic digital computer was designed and constructed at The
Ohio State University.
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, John Mauchly and John Eckert designed the ENIAC.
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The major drawback of the EDVAC was that it had to be programmed manually by setting switches
and plugging and unplugging cables.
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The IAS is the prototype of all subsequent general-purpose computers.
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The IAS operates by repetitively performing an instruction cycle.
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Backward compatible means that the programs written for the older machines can be executed on
the new machine.
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A vacuum tube is a solid-state device made from silicon.
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Computers are classified into generations based on the fundamental hardware technology
employed.
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System software was introduced in the third generation of computers.
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A wafer is made of silicon and is broken up into chips which consists of many gates and/or memory
cells plus a number of input and output attachment points.
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IBM's System/360 was the industry's first planned family of computers.
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Intel's 4004 was the first chip to contain all of the components of a CPU on a single chip.
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Designers wrestle with the challenge of balancing processor performance with that of main memory
and other computer components.
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The Intel x86 evolved from RISC design principles and is used in embedded systems.
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A common measure of performance for a processor is the rate at which instructions are executed,
expressed as billions of instructions per seconds (BIPS).
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The _________ was the world's first general-purpose electronic digital computer.
A. UNIVAC
B. MARK IV