Page 1 of 92
EXAM 1: NSG318 / NSG 318 (LATEST UPDATE 2025)
INTRODUCTION TO PHARMACOLOGY EXAM |
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS | 100%
CORRECT | GRADE A - GCU
pharmacology .....ANSWER.....study of drugs
drug .....ANSWER.....Chemical that affects physiologic process of
a living organism
Nursing Implications .....ANSWER.....The concepts that a nurse must
include when they are safely administering medication
Identify the various routes of medication administration
.....ANSWER.....Sublingual (buccal), oral, transdermal (topical
creams/ lotions), instillation (eye drops/sprays), inhalation,
nasogastric and gastrostomy tubes, suppositories, parenteral
6 rights of administration .....ANSWER.....1. Right patient
2. Right drug
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3. Right dose
4. Right route
5. Right time and frequency
6. Right documentation
List the components of a drug label .....ANSWER.....Chemical
Name: structure of the drug
Generic name: the official drug name
Brand/ trade name: the easier proprietary name
Active and inactive ingredients
Warning/ possible side effects
Directions on use as well as what the drug is used for/ what it
helps treat
normal vital signs (BP) .....ANSWER.....120/80
Pharmacokinetics .....ANSWER.....what the body does to the drug
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pharmacokinetic phases .....ANSWER.....-absorption (drug
movement from GI tract into bloodstream)
-distribution (protein binding, free drugs, BBB)
-metabolism (1/2 life, loading dose; liver)
-excretion (elimination, kidneys, creatinine clearance, BUN, GFR
factors that affect drug excretion .....ANSWER.....-drugs that
affect renal excretion/decrease CO
-diuretic use
-drugs that use same excretion method
-change of urine pH
-pt. with decreased renal or hepatic function
1/2 life (T 1/2) .....ANSWER.....Time it takes to get rid of half of
the drug; gives us good time to administer rest of the dose and
when we can expect to see side effects
, Page 4 of 92
Loading dose .....ANSWER.....use of a higher dose than what is
usually used for treatment to allow the drug to reach the critical
concentration sooner
photosensitivity .....ANSWER.....- sensitivity to light
- ranges from the ability to orient to the sun to the ability to see
factors affecting absorption .....ANSWER.....Blood circulation
Pain, stress
Food texture, fat content, temperature
pH
Route of administration
factors affecting bioavailability .....ANSWER.....Drug form
Route of administration (IV is best)
Gastric mucosa and motility
Administration with food and other drugs
EXAM 1: NSG318 / NSG 318 (LATEST UPDATE 2025)
INTRODUCTION TO PHARMACOLOGY EXAM |
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS | 100%
CORRECT | GRADE A - GCU
pharmacology .....ANSWER.....study of drugs
drug .....ANSWER.....Chemical that affects physiologic process of
a living organism
Nursing Implications .....ANSWER.....The concepts that a nurse must
include when they are safely administering medication
Identify the various routes of medication administration
.....ANSWER.....Sublingual (buccal), oral, transdermal (topical
creams/ lotions), instillation (eye drops/sprays), inhalation,
nasogastric and gastrostomy tubes, suppositories, parenteral
6 rights of administration .....ANSWER.....1. Right patient
2. Right drug
,Page 2 of 92
3. Right dose
4. Right route
5. Right time and frequency
6. Right documentation
List the components of a drug label .....ANSWER.....Chemical
Name: structure of the drug
Generic name: the official drug name
Brand/ trade name: the easier proprietary name
Active and inactive ingredients
Warning/ possible side effects
Directions on use as well as what the drug is used for/ what it
helps treat
normal vital signs (BP) .....ANSWER.....120/80
Pharmacokinetics .....ANSWER.....what the body does to the drug
,Page 3 of 92
pharmacokinetic phases .....ANSWER.....-absorption (drug
movement from GI tract into bloodstream)
-distribution (protein binding, free drugs, BBB)
-metabolism (1/2 life, loading dose; liver)
-excretion (elimination, kidneys, creatinine clearance, BUN, GFR
factors that affect drug excretion .....ANSWER.....-drugs that
affect renal excretion/decrease CO
-diuretic use
-drugs that use same excretion method
-change of urine pH
-pt. with decreased renal or hepatic function
1/2 life (T 1/2) .....ANSWER.....Time it takes to get rid of half of
the drug; gives us good time to administer rest of the dose and
when we can expect to see side effects
, Page 4 of 92
Loading dose .....ANSWER.....use of a higher dose than what is
usually used for treatment to allow the drug to reach the critical
concentration sooner
photosensitivity .....ANSWER.....- sensitivity to light
- ranges from the ability to orient to the sun to the ability to see
factors affecting absorption .....ANSWER.....Blood circulation
Pain, stress
Food texture, fat content, temperature
pH
Route of administration
factors affecting bioavailability .....ANSWER.....Drug form
Route of administration (IV is best)
Gastric mucosa and motility
Administration with food and other drugs
