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EVOLVE ELSEVIER HESI MED SURG EXIT EXAM
VERSION 1 / MED SURG HESI EVOLVE ELSEVIER
NEWEST 2025/2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+||LATEST
VERSION!!!
The nurse on a medical-surgical unit is receiving a client
from the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) with a Penrose
drain. Before choosing a room for this client, which
information is most important for the nurse to obtain?
A. If suctioning will be needed for drainage of the wound
B. If the family would prefer a private or semi private room
C. If the client also has a Hemovac in place
D. If the client's wound is infected - ANSWER-Answer: D
Rationale→The fact that the client has a Penrose drain
should alert the nurse to the possibility that the surgical
wound is infected. Penrose drains provide a sinus tract or
opening and are often used to provide drainage of an
abscess. To avoid contamination of another postoperative
client, it is most important to place any client with an
infected wound in a private room. A Penrose drain does
not require option A. Although option B is helpful
information, it does not have the priority of option D. A
Hemovac is used to drain fluid from a dead space and is
not a determinant for the room assignment.
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The nurse is giving preoperative instructions to a 14-year-
old client scheduled for surgery to correct a spinal
curvature. Which statement by the client best
demonstrates that learning has taken place?
A."I will read all the teaching booklets you gave me before
surgery."
B."I have had surgery before, so I know what to expect
afterward."
C."All the things people have told me will help me take
care of my back."
D."Let me show you the method of turning I will use after
surgery." - ANSWER-Answer: D
Rationale→The outcome of learning is best demonstrated
when the client not only verbalizes an understanding but
also provides a return demonstration. A 14-year-old client
may or may not follow through with option A, and there is
no measurement of learning. Option B may help the client
understand the surgical process, but the type of surgery
may have been very different, with differing postoperative
care. In option C, the client may be saying what the nurse
wants to hear without expressing any real understanding
of what to do after surgery.
A hospitalized client is receiving nasogastric tube feedings
via a small-bore tube and a continuous pump infusion. The
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client begins to cough and produces a moderate amount
of white sputum. Which action should the nurse take first?
A.Auscultate the client's breath sounds.
B.Turn off the continuous feeding pump
C.Check placement of the nasogastric tube
D.Measure the amount of residual feeding - ANSWER-
Answer: B
Rationale→A productive cough may indicate that the
feeding has been aspirated. The nurse should first stop
the feeding to prevent further aspiration. Options A, C, and
D should all be performed before restarting the tube
feeding if no evidence of aspiration is present and the tube
is in place.
A 63-year-old client with type 2 diabetes mellitus is
admitted for treatment of an ulcer on the heel of the left
foot that has not healed with wound care. The nurse
observes that the entire left foot is darker in color than the
right foot. Which additional symptom should the nurse
expect to find?
A.Pedal pulses will be weak or absent in the left foot.
B.The client will state that the left foot is usually warm.
C.Flexion and extension of the left foot will be limited.
D.Capillary refill of the client's left toes will be brisk. -
ANSWER-Answer: A
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Rationale→Symptoms associated with decreased blood
supply are weak or absent pedal and tibial pulses. The
client with diabetes experiences vascular scarring as a
result of atherosclerotic changes in the peripheral vessels.
This results in compromised perfusion to the dependent
extremities, which further delays wound healing in the
affected foot. Although flexion and extension may be
limited, depending on the degree of damage, this is not
always the case. Options B and D are signs of adequate
perfusion of the foot, which would not be expected in this
client.
A 55-year-old male client has been admitted to the
hospital with a medical diagnosis of chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD). Which risk factor is the most
significant in the development of this client's COPD?
A.The client's father was diagnosed with COPD in his 50s
B.A close family member contracted tuberculosis last year.
C.The client smokes one to two packs of cigarettes per
day.
D.The client has been 40 pounds overweight for 15 years -
ANSWER-Answer: C
Rationale→Smoking, considered to be a modifiable risk
factor, is the most significant risk factor for the
development of COPD. The exact mechanism of genetic
and hereditary implications for the development of COPD
EVOLVE ELSEVIER HESI MED SURG EXIT EXAM
VERSION 1 / MED SURG HESI EVOLVE ELSEVIER
NEWEST 2025/2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+||LATEST
VERSION!!!
The nurse on a medical-surgical unit is receiving a client
from the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) with a Penrose
drain. Before choosing a room for this client, which
information is most important for the nurse to obtain?
A. If suctioning will be needed for drainage of the wound
B. If the family would prefer a private or semi private room
C. If the client also has a Hemovac in place
D. If the client's wound is infected - ANSWER-Answer: D
Rationale→The fact that the client has a Penrose drain
should alert the nurse to the possibility that the surgical
wound is infected. Penrose drains provide a sinus tract or
opening and are often used to provide drainage of an
abscess. To avoid contamination of another postoperative
client, it is most important to place any client with an
infected wound in a private room. A Penrose drain does
not require option A. Although option B is helpful
information, it does not have the priority of option D. A
Hemovac is used to drain fluid from a dead space and is
not a determinant for the room assignment.
,2|Page
The nurse is giving preoperative instructions to a 14-year-
old client scheduled for surgery to correct a spinal
curvature. Which statement by the client best
demonstrates that learning has taken place?
A."I will read all the teaching booklets you gave me before
surgery."
B."I have had surgery before, so I know what to expect
afterward."
C."All the things people have told me will help me take
care of my back."
D."Let me show you the method of turning I will use after
surgery." - ANSWER-Answer: D
Rationale→The outcome of learning is best demonstrated
when the client not only verbalizes an understanding but
also provides a return demonstration. A 14-year-old client
may or may not follow through with option A, and there is
no measurement of learning. Option B may help the client
understand the surgical process, but the type of surgery
may have been very different, with differing postoperative
care. In option C, the client may be saying what the nurse
wants to hear without expressing any real understanding
of what to do after surgery.
A hospitalized client is receiving nasogastric tube feedings
via a small-bore tube and a continuous pump infusion. The
,3|Page
client begins to cough and produces a moderate amount
of white sputum. Which action should the nurse take first?
A.Auscultate the client's breath sounds.
B.Turn off the continuous feeding pump
C.Check placement of the nasogastric tube
D.Measure the amount of residual feeding - ANSWER-
Answer: B
Rationale→A productive cough may indicate that the
feeding has been aspirated. The nurse should first stop
the feeding to prevent further aspiration. Options A, C, and
D should all be performed before restarting the tube
feeding if no evidence of aspiration is present and the tube
is in place.
A 63-year-old client with type 2 diabetes mellitus is
admitted for treatment of an ulcer on the heel of the left
foot that has not healed with wound care. The nurse
observes that the entire left foot is darker in color than the
right foot. Which additional symptom should the nurse
expect to find?
A.Pedal pulses will be weak or absent in the left foot.
B.The client will state that the left foot is usually warm.
C.Flexion and extension of the left foot will be limited.
D.Capillary refill of the client's left toes will be brisk. -
ANSWER-Answer: A
, 4|Page
Rationale→Symptoms associated with decreased blood
supply are weak or absent pedal and tibial pulses. The
client with diabetes experiences vascular scarring as a
result of atherosclerotic changes in the peripheral vessels.
This results in compromised perfusion to the dependent
extremities, which further delays wound healing in the
affected foot. Although flexion and extension may be
limited, depending on the degree of damage, this is not
always the case. Options B and D are signs of adequate
perfusion of the foot, which would not be expected in this
client.
A 55-year-old male client has been admitted to the
hospital with a medical diagnosis of chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD). Which risk factor is the most
significant in the development of this client's COPD?
A.The client's father was diagnosed with COPD in his 50s
B.A close family member contracted tuberculosis last year.
C.The client smokes one to two packs of cigarettes per
day.
D.The client has been 40 pounds overweight for 15 years -
ANSWER-Answer: C
Rationale→Smoking, considered to be a modifiable risk
factor, is the most significant risk factor for the
development of COPD. The exact mechanism of genetic
and hereditary implications for the development of COPD
