Questions and Correct Answers | Updated
Version | Just Released
Define peripheral arterial disease ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Narrow
artery (atherosclerosis) where oxygenated blood can't get to the distal extremities
(hands and feet) leading to ischemia and necrosis of the extremities
What are the signs and symptoms of PAD? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------
Sharp pain, poor or absent pulse, cool extremities, pale skin, gangrene, 6 P's
What are the causes of PAD? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Smoking,
diabetes, high cholesterol, hypertension, sedentary, obesity
Define Raynaud's disease ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Women,
smoking, hands - vasospasms in the cold
Define buegers disease ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Men, smoking, feet
- ischemia to vessels which can lead to necrosis and ulcers
,Define varicose veins ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Incompetent valves
and veins stay distended - no venous return
What are signs and symptoms of varicose veins? ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------
-------Leg pain and heaviness
What are the risk factors of varicose veins? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------
Prolonged standing, over 30, family hx, obesity, heart disease
What is the treatment for varicose veins? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------
Elastic compression stockings, exercise, elevation, injecting veins, surgery, ligation
and stripping, stop smoking
What is the treatment of PAD? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Dangle legs,
stop smoking, avoid tight clothing, no heating pads, medications (vasodilators,
antiplatelets)
What organs are affected with hypertension? ---------CORRECT ANSWER--------------
---Heart (CHF), brain (stroke), kidneys (renal failure), eyes (visual changes)
,What are the risk factors for hypertension? *RISKFACTORS ---------CORRECT
ANSWER-----------------race (African American), intake of sodium/alcohol, smoking,
low k+ & vit d levels, family hx, advanced age, increased cholesterol, too much
caffeine, obesity, restricted activity, sleep apnea
What are the signs and symptoms of hypertension? ---------CORRECT ANSWER------
-----------Usually asymptomatic; headache, dizziness, facial flushing
What is considered a hypertensive crisis? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------
180/120
Patient teaching for hypertension ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Limit
sodium and alcohol intake, smoking cessation, How to measure bp and keep a
diary, exercise
Define type 1 diabetes *type one we have none ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------
------No insulin production
What are the signs and symptoms of type 1 diabetes? ---------CORRECT ANSWER---
--------------Abrupt onset, polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, weight loss
, What is a fasting glucose to diagnose type 1 diabetes? ---------CORRECT ANSWER--
---------------126+
What is a normal hemoglobin A1C? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------4-6
What is the hemoglobin a1c in a type 1 diabetic? ---------CORRECT ANSWER---------
--------6.5+
What are the risk factors for type 1 diabetes? ---------CORRECT ANSWER--------------
---Less than 30, post viral infection, usually not obese, genetic
Define rapid acting insulin ---------CORRECT ANSWER------------------log; 5-15min
onset, 1 hr peak; Given prior, during or within 20 minutes after meal
Define short acting insulin ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Regular - IV or
SubQ; 30-60min onset, 2-4hr peak; only insulin used IV, used for sliding scale and
treats DKA emergencies
What are the signs and symptoms of left sided heart failure? *DROWNING ---------
CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Dyspnea, crackles, orthopnea, weakness,
nocturnal paroxysmal dyspnea, increased hr, nagging cough, gaining weight