NURS 101 NCLEX Practice Exam 2 (40 Items) - UPDATED | NURS101 NCLEX Practice Exam 2 (40 Items) - Answers and Explanations {A Grade}

NCLEX Practice Exam 2 (40 Items) Question 1 A nurse is reviewing a patient’s medication during shift change. Which of the following medication would be contraindicated if the patient were pregnant? Select all that apply: Warfarin (Coumadin) Finasteride (Propecia, Proscar) Celecoxib (Celebrex) Clonidine (Catapres) Transdermal nicotine (Habitrol) Clofazimine(Lamprene) Question 1 Explanation:  Option A: Warfarin (Coumadin). Has a pregnancy category X and associated with central nervous system defects, spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, prematurity, hemorrhage, and ocular defects when given anytime during pregnancy and a fetal warfarin syndrome when given during the first trimester. Option B: Finasteride (Propecia, Proscar). Also has a pregnancy category X which has a high risk of causing permanent damage to the fetus. Option C: Celecoxib (Celebrex). Large doses cause birth defects in rabbits; not known if the effect on people is the same. Option D: Clonidine (Catapres). Crosses the placenta but no adverse fetal effects have been observed. Option E: Transdermal nicotine (Habitrol). Nicotine replacement products have been assigned to pregnancy category C (nicotine gum) and category D (transdermal patches, inhalers, and spray nicotine products). Option F: Clofazimine (Lamprene). Clofazimine has been assigned to pregnancy category C. Question 2 A nurse is reviewing a patient’s past medical history (PMH). The history indicates the patient has photosensitive reactions to medications. Which of the following drugs is associated with photosensitive reactions? Select all that apply: Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) Sulfonamide Norfloxacin (Noroxin) Sulfamethoxazole and Trimethoprim (Bactrim) Isotretinoin (Accutane) Nitro-Dur patch Question 2 Explanation:  Photosensitivity is an extreme sensitivity to ultraviolet (UV) rays from the sun and other light sources. A type of photosensitivity called Phototoxic reactions are caused when medications in the body interact with UV rays from the sun. Antiinfectives are the most common cause of this type of reaction. Question 3 A patient tells you that her urine is starting to look discolored. If you believe this change is due to medication, which of the following of the patient’s medication does not cause urine discoloration? Sulfasalazine Levodopa Phenolphthalein Aspirin Question 3 Explanation:  Aspirin is not known to cause discoloration of the urine. Option A: Sulfasalazine may discolor the urine or skin to an orange-yellow color. Option B: Levodopa may discolor the urine, saliva, or sweat to a dark brown color. Option C: Phenolphthalein can discolor the urine to a red color. Question 4 You are responsible for reviewing the nursing unit’s refrigerator. Which of the following drug, if found inside the fridge, should be removed? Nadolol (Corgard) Opened (in-use) Humulin N injection Urokinase (Kinlytic) Epoetin alfa IV (Epogen) Question 4 Explanation:  Nadolol (Corgard) is stored at room temperature between 59 to 86 ºF (15 and 30 ºC) away from heat, moisture, and light. Do not store in the bathroom and keep bottle tightly closed. Option B: Humulin N injection if unopened (not in use) is stored in the fridge and is used until the expiration date, or stored at room temperature and used within 31 days. If opened (in-use), store the vial in a refrigerator or at room temperature and use within 31 days. Store the injection pen at room temperature (do not refrigerate) and use within 14 days. Keep it in its original container protected from heat and light. Do not draw insulin from a vial into a syringe until you are ready to give an injection. Do not freeze insulin or store it near the cooling element in a refrigerator. Throw away any insulin that has been frozen. Option C: Urokinase (Kinlytic) is refrigerated at 2–8°C. Option D: Epoetin alfa IV (Epogen) vials should be stored at 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F); Do not freeze. Do not shake. Protect from light. Question 5 A 34-year-old female has recently been diagnosed with an autoimmune disease. She has also recently discovered that she is pregnant. Which of the following is the only immunoglobulin that will provide protection to the fetus in the womb? IgA IgD IgE IgG Question 5 Explanation:   IgG is the only immunoglobulin that can cross the placental barrier. Option A: IgA antibodies protect body surfaces that are exposed to outside foreign substances. Option B: IgD antibodies are found in small amounts in the tissues that line the belly or chest. Option C: IgE antibodies cause the body to react against foreign substances such as pollen, spores, animal dander. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - Question 35 A 20-year-old female attending college is found unconscious in her dorm room. She has a fever and a noticeable rash. She has just been admitted to the hospital. Which of the following tests is most likely to be performed first? Blood sugar check CT scan Blood cultures Arterial blood gases Question 35 Explanation: Blood cultures would be performed to investigate the fever and rash symptoms. Question 36 A 28-year-old male has been found wandering around in a confused pattern. The male is sweaty and pale. Which of the following tests is most likely to be performed first? Blood sugar check CT scan Blood cultures Arterial blood gases Question 36 Explanation: With a history of diabetes, the first response should be to check blood sugar levels. Question 37 A mother is inquiring about her child’s ability to potty train. Which of the following factors is the most important aspect of toilet training? The age of the child The child's ability to understand instruction The overall mental and physical abilities of the child Frequent attempts with positive reinforcement Question 37 Explanation: Age is not the greatest factor in potty training. The overall mental and physical abilities of the child are the most important factor. Question 38 A parent calls the pediatric clinic and is frantic about the bottle of cleaning fluid her child drank 20 minutes. Which of the following is the most important instruction the nurse can give the parent? This too shall pass Take the child immediately to the ER Contact the Poison Control Center quickly Give the child syrup of ipecac Question 38 Explanation: The poison control center will have an exact plan of action for this child. Question 39 A nurse is administering a shot of Vitamin K to a 30-day-old infant. Which of the following target areas is the most appropriate? Gluteus maximus Gluteus minimus Vastus lateralis Vastus medialis Question 39 Explanation: Vastus lateralis is the most appropriate location. Question 40 A nurse has just started her rounds delivering medication. A new patient on her rounds is a 4-year-old boy who is non-verbal. This child does not have on any identification. What should the nurse do? Contact the provider Ask the child to write their name on paper Ask a coworker about the identification of the child Ask the father who is in the room the child’s name Question 40 Explanation: In this case, you can determine the name of the child by the father’s statement. You should not withhold the medication from the child after identification.