NURS 180 | ATI Pharmacology Study Guide | Allergies / Antihistamine /
Antitussives
● Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
○ Adverse effect is drowsiness
■ Take at night ● Codeine/Tessalon
○ Suppresses cough
○ Adverse effects are Hypotension, seizures, bradycardia, respiratory
○ depression, severe somnolence
● Mucinex
○ Inhibits mucus production & loosens thick bronchial secretions
Anti-Bacterials/Anti-Infectives
● Take all meds until it’s finished; do NOT stop when feeling better
● Three C’s
○ Child care
○ -Cillins
○ -Cycline
○ Oral contraceptives ineffective ; use condoms
● NO ALCOHOL
● MTF (Move The Food)
○ Macrolides - Azithromycin
○ Tetracycline - Doxycycline
○ Fluoroquinolones - Levofloxacin
○ Take on an EMPTY stomach; full glass of water
● NO SUN (AVOID Fun The Sun)
○ Fluoroquinolones - Levofloxacin
○ Tetracycline - Doxycycline
○ Sulfa drugs = SUN burns
■ Diuretics (thiazide/loops)
■ Sulfonylureas (Glyburide)
○ Photosensitivity
○ AVOID“direct sun exposure”
● Penicillin & Cephalosporins
○ Weakens cell wall
○ Bumps pill; use condom
○ Cross sensitivity (allergy to one is allergy
to both)
○ Anaphylaxis
■ Stop med
■ Assess
, ■ Epinephrine
○ Take with food to alleviate GI upset
○ Common side effects are → diarrhea, bleeding
● SUPER TOXIC FOR SUPERBUGS (Kidney & Ears)
○ Vancomycin (Glycopeptide Class) ○ Gentamicin (Aminoglycosides Class)
○ Neomycin
■ Muscle aches/cramping are normal
○ Burns when administered
○ Infused SLOWLY at least over 60 minutes
○ Assess site every 30 minutes for pain, redness & swelling
○ It’s a SIN to give MYCIN
○ Check Peaks & Troughs (too high, kidneys will die. Too low, bacteria will grow)
■ Check for vertigo, tinnitus, ototoxicity
■ Check for high creatinine & high BUN
■ Red Man's Syndrome
● Hypotension, flushing, pruritus “itching”, red rash
○ Notify if Creatine OVER 1.3, BUN OVER 20, urine output is 30mL/hr or Less ●
Secret Words for Anaphylaxis
○ Hives
○ Angioedema
○ Wheezing
○ STOP & ADMINISTER EPI PEN
● Macrolides (Thromycin, Azithromycin, Erythromycin)
○ Prolonged QT → cardiac arrest
○ Monitor ECG & report changes
■ Thromycin throws QT waves off
○ Nausea & vomiting is expected → taken on empty stomach
● Tetracyclines (Doxycyclines)
○ Not pregnancy safe
○ Tooth discoloration
○ Sun burns
○ Imagine being on a bicycles; not safe for preggos, bugs in tooth & your exposed to sun
○ Do not lay down! Sit up 30 minutes after taking
○ AVOID Dairy, antacids, Iron
● Metronidazole (Dazole; Da gut)
○ There’s nothing dazzling about C. diff or
sexually transmitted infections
○ AVOID alcohol during & 3 days after
treatment
○ Dark urine is normal
○ Metallic taste is normal
○ Report any new rash or skin peeling
■ Steven-Johnson Syndrome
, ● Fluconazole (Nazole; Nail fungus)
○ what
● Nystatin
○ Treats oral candidiasis
○ Shake well- liquid suspension. Also swish in mouth
○ Inspect mucus membranes
● Amphotericin B
○ Serious fungus
○ Serious terror on body
■ Renal injury
● Creatinine over 1.3
● Urine 30 mL/hr or less
● Oliguria: low urine
● UTI Medications
○ Sulfonamides ■ Sulfamethoxazole
● AVOID sun
● Body is dry
○ High urine specific gravity
● Drink 2-3L of water
● Take folic acid
○ Fluoroquinolones (Levofloxacin & Ciprofloxacin)
■ AVOID sun
■ Achilles tendon rupture!
● Report pain
● Tendonitis is a contraindication
■ Floxacin = FALL-xacin
○ Phenazopyridine
■ Red and orange urine is normal
■ REPORT yellow skin ■ Wear
glasses & wear a pad
Quiz Time
What is the best action for the nurse to take before administering amoxicillin to a patient with
allergies to levofloxacin & ceftriaxone?
● Clarify the order with pharmacy
● Ask the patient about the type of reaction they have to ceftriaxone
● Notify the HCP of the allergy to ceftriaxone
● Administer meds separately with normal saline in between Which medications can
cause yellow sclera & clay colored stools?
● Ciprofloxacin
● Erythromycin
● Phenazopyridine
● Neomycin
, ● Doxycycline
A patient in sepsis is prescribed several antibiotics during their hospital stay. What patient teaching
should be included
● AVOID direct sun exposure
● Oral birth control ineffective
● Take until symptoms subside
● Monitor QT interval
Which medication does the nurse anticipate when treating a patient for C.diff?
● Metronidazole
● Ketoconazole
● Omeprazole
● Ceftriaxone
A patient with oral candidiasis needs aitance in removing and soaking their dentures in this type of
solution?
● Neomycin
● Azithromycin
● Lovastatin
● Nystatin
A patient presents with creatinine of 1.8, urine output of 100mL in 4 hours & tinnitus. Which
medication can be most responsible for this? SATA
● Amphotericin ●
Azithromycin
● Vancomycin ●
Doxycycline
● Neomycin
Anti-Hyperlipidemia (-statin)
● Atorvastatin (Lipitor)
○ AVOID grapefruit juice
○ Can cause muscle aches aka rhabdomyolysis
● Cholestyramine (Questran)
○ Lowers serum-lipid levels
○ Adverse effects are bloating and constipation
Asthma
● Bronchodilators
○ Beta 2 Agonist - Albuterol
■ Acute attacks
■ Can cause tremors or tachycardia & tossing and turning
■ AVOID Beta blockers, NSAIDS (Naloxone & ibuprofen)
Antitussives
● Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
○ Adverse effect is drowsiness
■ Take at night ● Codeine/Tessalon
○ Suppresses cough
○ Adverse effects are Hypotension, seizures, bradycardia, respiratory
○ depression, severe somnolence
● Mucinex
○ Inhibits mucus production & loosens thick bronchial secretions
Anti-Bacterials/Anti-Infectives
● Take all meds until it’s finished; do NOT stop when feeling better
● Three C’s
○ Child care
○ -Cillins
○ -Cycline
○ Oral contraceptives ineffective ; use condoms
● NO ALCOHOL
● MTF (Move The Food)
○ Macrolides - Azithromycin
○ Tetracycline - Doxycycline
○ Fluoroquinolones - Levofloxacin
○ Take on an EMPTY stomach; full glass of water
● NO SUN (AVOID Fun The Sun)
○ Fluoroquinolones - Levofloxacin
○ Tetracycline - Doxycycline
○ Sulfa drugs = SUN burns
■ Diuretics (thiazide/loops)
■ Sulfonylureas (Glyburide)
○ Photosensitivity
○ AVOID“direct sun exposure”
● Penicillin & Cephalosporins
○ Weakens cell wall
○ Bumps pill; use condom
○ Cross sensitivity (allergy to one is allergy
to both)
○ Anaphylaxis
■ Stop med
■ Assess
, ■ Epinephrine
○ Take with food to alleviate GI upset
○ Common side effects are → diarrhea, bleeding
● SUPER TOXIC FOR SUPERBUGS (Kidney & Ears)
○ Vancomycin (Glycopeptide Class) ○ Gentamicin (Aminoglycosides Class)
○ Neomycin
■ Muscle aches/cramping are normal
○ Burns when administered
○ Infused SLOWLY at least over 60 minutes
○ Assess site every 30 minutes for pain, redness & swelling
○ It’s a SIN to give MYCIN
○ Check Peaks & Troughs (too high, kidneys will die. Too low, bacteria will grow)
■ Check for vertigo, tinnitus, ototoxicity
■ Check for high creatinine & high BUN
■ Red Man's Syndrome
● Hypotension, flushing, pruritus “itching”, red rash
○ Notify if Creatine OVER 1.3, BUN OVER 20, urine output is 30mL/hr or Less ●
Secret Words for Anaphylaxis
○ Hives
○ Angioedema
○ Wheezing
○ STOP & ADMINISTER EPI PEN
● Macrolides (Thromycin, Azithromycin, Erythromycin)
○ Prolonged QT → cardiac arrest
○ Monitor ECG & report changes
■ Thromycin throws QT waves off
○ Nausea & vomiting is expected → taken on empty stomach
● Tetracyclines (Doxycyclines)
○ Not pregnancy safe
○ Tooth discoloration
○ Sun burns
○ Imagine being on a bicycles; not safe for preggos, bugs in tooth & your exposed to sun
○ Do not lay down! Sit up 30 minutes after taking
○ AVOID Dairy, antacids, Iron
● Metronidazole (Dazole; Da gut)
○ There’s nothing dazzling about C. diff or
sexually transmitted infections
○ AVOID alcohol during & 3 days after
treatment
○ Dark urine is normal
○ Metallic taste is normal
○ Report any new rash or skin peeling
■ Steven-Johnson Syndrome
, ● Fluconazole (Nazole; Nail fungus)
○ what
● Nystatin
○ Treats oral candidiasis
○ Shake well- liquid suspension. Also swish in mouth
○ Inspect mucus membranes
● Amphotericin B
○ Serious fungus
○ Serious terror on body
■ Renal injury
● Creatinine over 1.3
● Urine 30 mL/hr or less
● Oliguria: low urine
● UTI Medications
○ Sulfonamides ■ Sulfamethoxazole
● AVOID sun
● Body is dry
○ High urine specific gravity
● Drink 2-3L of water
● Take folic acid
○ Fluoroquinolones (Levofloxacin & Ciprofloxacin)
■ AVOID sun
■ Achilles tendon rupture!
● Report pain
● Tendonitis is a contraindication
■ Floxacin = FALL-xacin
○ Phenazopyridine
■ Red and orange urine is normal
■ REPORT yellow skin ■ Wear
glasses & wear a pad
Quiz Time
What is the best action for the nurse to take before administering amoxicillin to a patient with
allergies to levofloxacin & ceftriaxone?
● Clarify the order with pharmacy
● Ask the patient about the type of reaction they have to ceftriaxone
● Notify the HCP of the allergy to ceftriaxone
● Administer meds separately with normal saline in between Which medications can
cause yellow sclera & clay colored stools?
● Ciprofloxacin
● Erythromycin
● Phenazopyridine
● Neomycin
, ● Doxycycline
A patient in sepsis is prescribed several antibiotics during their hospital stay. What patient teaching
should be included
● AVOID direct sun exposure
● Oral birth control ineffective
● Take until symptoms subside
● Monitor QT interval
Which medication does the nurse anticipate when treating a patient for C.diff?
● Metronidazole
● Ketoconazole
● Omeprazole
● Ceftriaxone
A patient with oral candidiasis needs aitance in removing and soaking their dentures in this type of
solution?
● Neomycin
● Azithromycin
● Lovastatin
● Nystatin
A patient presents with creatinine of 1.8, urine output of 100mL in 4 hours & tinnitus. Which
medication can be most responsible for this? SATA
● Amphotericin ●
Azithromycin
● Vancomycin ●
Doxycycline
● Neomycin
Anti-Hyperlipidemia (-statin)
● Atorvastatin (Lipitor)
○ AVOID grapefruit juice
○ Can cause muscle aches aka rhabdomyolysis
● Cholestyramine (Questran)
○ Lowers serum-lipid levels
○ Adverse effects are bloating and constipation
Asthma
● Bronchodilators
○ Beta 2 Agonist - Albuterol
■ Acute attacks
■ Can cause tremors or tachycardia & tossing and turning
■ AVOID Beta blockers, NSAIDS (Naloxone & ibuprofen)
