BIO 201 EXAM 4 ASU QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS 2025
Olfactory Nerve - CORRECT ANSWER -- Cranial Nerve: I
- Composition: Sensory
- Function: Smell
- Damaged: Impaired smell
Optic Nerve - CORRECT ANSWER -- Cranial Nerve: II
- Composition: Sensory
- Function: Vision
- Damaged: Blindness
Oculomotor Nerve - CORRECT ANSWER -- Cranial Nerve: III
- Composition: Motor
- Function: Eye movement, Opening of eyelid, and pupil constriction
- Damaged: drooping eyelid, dilated pupil, inability to move eye in some directions
Trochlear Nerve - CORRECT ANSWER -- Cranial Nerve: IV
- Composition: Motor
- Function: Eye Movement (superior oblique muscle)
- Damaged: weakened ability to look downward
Trigeminal Nerve - CORRECT ANSWER -- Cranial Nerve: V
- Composition: Two sensory divisions (Ophthalamic and Maxillary)
- Function: Sensory - face; motor - muscles of mastication
- Damaged: loss of facial sensation; impaired chewing
Abducens Nerve - CORRECT ANSWER -- Cranial Nerve: VI
,- Composition: Motor
- Function: Lateral movement of eye
- Damaged: inability to turn eye laterally
Facial Nerve - CORRECT ANSWER -- Cranial Nerve: VII
- Composition: Mixed
- Function: Sensory - taste on anterior 2/3 of tongue; Motor - various facial/neck muscles and glands
- Damaged: Inability to control facial muscles, impaired sense of taste
Vestibulocochlear Nerve - CORRECT ANSWER -- Cranial Nerve: VIII
- Composition: Sensory
- Function: Hearing and balance
- Damaged: Deafness and impaired balance
Glossopharyngeal Nerve - CORRECT ANSWER -- Cranial Nerve: IX
- Composition: Mixed
- Function: Sensory -
taste, touch, pressure, pain, and temperature on posterior 1/3 of tongue; Motor -
salivation, swallowing, and gagging
- Damaged: Loss of taste, impaired swallowing
Vagus Nerve - CORRECT ANSWER -- Cranial Nerve: X
- Composition: Mixed
- Function: Sensory - taste, hunger, and fullness; Motor -
swallowing, speech, and regulation of heart and GI tract
- Damaged: Impaired swallowing and GI motility; fatal if both Vagus nerves are damaged
Accessory Nerve - CORRECT ANSWER -- Cranial Nerve: XI
- Composition: Motor
- Function: Swallowing; head, neck, and shoulder movements
,- Damaged: Impaired movement of head, neck and shoulders
Hypoglossal Nerve - CORRECT ANSWER -- Cranial Nerve: XII
- Composition: Motor
- Function: Tongue movements for speech, food manipulation, and swallowing
- Damaged: Impaired tongue movements for speech and swallowing
Longitudinal Fissure - CORRECT ANSWER -Separates 2 cerebral hemispheres.
Central Sulcus - CORRECT ANSWER -Separates parietal and frontal lobes.
Gyri - CORRECT ANSWER -Thick folds (hills) of the brain.
Sulci - CORRECT ANSWER -Shallow grooves (valleys) of the brain.
Corpus Callosum - CORRECT ANSWER --
Thick nerve bundle at the bottom of the longitudinal fissure that connects hemispheres.
- Considered part of the cerebrum.
- Allows for communication between the hemispheres.
Gray Matter - CORRECT ANSWER -- Neuron cell bodies, dendrites, and synapses.
- Forms cortex over cerebrum and cerebellum.
- Forms nuclei deep within the brain.
White Matter - CORRECT ANSWER -- Bundles of Axons
- Forms tracts that connect parts of brain.
Dura Mater (Meninges) - CORRECT ANSWER -- Outermost, tough membrane
- Outer periosteal layer against bone
, - Inner meningeal layer
- Subdural Space
- Where separated from inner meningeal layer forms dural venous sinuses drain blood from brain.
- Supportive structures formed by dura mater
- Falx cerebri, falx Cerebelli and tentorium cerebelli
Arachnoid Mater (Meninges) - CORRECT ANSWER -Spider web filamentous layer.
Pia Mater (Meninges) - CORRECT ANSWER -Thin, vascular layer adherent to the contours of the brain.
Meningitis - CORRECT ANSWER -Inflammation of the Meninges
- Bacterial and virus invasion of the CNS by way of the nose and throat.
- Signs include high fever, stiff neck, drowsiness, and intense headache and may progress to coma
- Diagnose by examining the CSF
- Lumbar Puncture (Spinal Tap)
Internal chambers within the CNS
(In order) - CORRECT ANSWER -Lateral Ventricles - Inside Cerebral hemispheres.
Third Ventricle - A single vertical space under Corpus Callosum.
Cerebral Aqueduct - Runs through midbrain.
Fourth Ventricle - Small chamber between pons and cerebellum.
Central Canal - Runs down through spinal cord.
- Lined with ependymal cells and containing choroid plexus of capillaries that produce CSF.
Cerebrospinal Fluid - CORRECT ANSWER --
Clear liquid fills ventricles and canals and bathes its external surface (in subarachnoid space)
- Brain produces and absorbs about 500 ml/day
-Escapes from 4th ventricle to surround the brain.
CORRECT ANSWERS 2025
Olfactory Nerve - CORRECT ANSWER -- Cranial Nerve: I
- Composition: Sensory
- Function: Smell
- Damaged: Impaired smell
Optic Nerve - CORRECT ANSWER -- Cranial Nerve: II
- Composition: Sensory
- Function: Vision
- Damaged: Blindness
Oculomotor Nerve - CORRECT ANSWER -- Cranial Nerve: III
- Composition: Motor
- Function: Eye movement, Opening of eyelid, and pupil constriction
- Damaged: drooping eyelid, dilated pupil, inability to move eye in some directions
Trochlear Nerve - CORRECT ANSWER -- Cranial Nerve: IV
- Composition: Motor
- Function: Eye Movement (superior oblique muscle)
- Damaged: weakened ability to look downward
Trigeminal Nerve - CORRECT ANSWER -- Cranial Nerve: V
- Composition: Two sensory divisions (Ophthalamic and Maxillary)
- Function: Sensory - face; motor - muscles of mastication
- Damaged: loss of facial sensation; impaired chewing
Abducens Nerve - CORRECT ANSWER -- Cranial Nerve: VI
,- Composition: Motor
- Function: Lateral movement of eye
- Damaged: inability to turn eye laterally
Facial Nerve - CORRECT ANSWER -- Cranial Nerve: VII
- Composition: Mixed
- Function: Sensory - taste on anterior 2/3 of tongue; Motor - various facial/neck muscles and glands
- Damaged: Inability to control facial muscles, impaired sense of taste
Vestibulocochlear Nerve - CORRECT ANSWER -- Cranial Nerve: VIII
- Composition: Sensory
- Function: Hearing and balance
- Damaged: Deafness and impaired balance
Glossopharyngeal Nerve - CORRECT ANSWER -- Cranial Nerve: IX
- Composition: Mixed
- Function: Sensory -
taste, touch, pressure, pain, and temperature on posterior 1/3 of tongue; Motor -
salivation, swallowing, and gagging
- Damaged: Loss of taste, impaired swallowing
Vagus Nerve - CORRECT ANSWER -- Cranial Nerve: X
- Composition: Mixed
- Function: Sensory - taste, hunger, and fullness; Motor -
swallowing, speech, and regulation of heart and GI tract
- Damaged: Impaired swallowing and GI motility; fatal if both Vagus nerves are damaged
Accessory Nerve - CORRECT ANSWER -- Cranial Nerve: XI
- Composition: Motor
- Function: Swallowing; head, neck, and shoulder movements
,- Damaged: Impaired movement of head, neck and shoulders
Hypoglossal Nerve - CORRECT ANSWER -- Cranial Nerve: XII
- Composition: Motor
- Function: Tongue movements for speech, food manipulation, and swallowing
- Damaged: Impaired tongue movements for speech and swallowing
Longitudinal Fissure - CORRECT ANSWER -Separates 2 cerebral hemispheres.
Central Sulcus - CORRECT ANSWER -Separates parietal and frontal lobes.
Gyri - CORRECT ANSWER -Thick folds (hills) of the brain.
Sulci - CORRECT ANSWER -Shallow grooves (valleys) of the brain.
Corpus Callosum - CORRECT ANSWER --
Thick nerve bundle at the bottom of the longitudinal fissure that connects hemispheres.
- Considered part of the cerebrum.
- Allows for communication between the hemispheres.
Gray Matter - CORRECT ANSWER -- Neuron cell bodies, dendrites, and synapses.
- Forms cortex over cerebrum and cerebellum.
- Forms nuclei deep within the brain.
White Matter - CORRECT ANSWER -- Bundles of Axons
- Forms tracts that connect parts of brain.
Dura Mater (Meninges) - CORRECT ANSWER -- Outermost, tough membrane
- Outer periosteal layer against bone
, - Inner meningeal layer
- Subdural Space
- Where separated from inner meningeal layer forms dural venous sinuses drain blood from brain.
- Supportive structures formed by dura mater
- Falx cerebri, falx Cerebelli and tentorium cerebelli
Arachnoid Mater (Meninges) - CORRECT ANSWER -Spider web filamentous layer.
Pia Mater (Meninges) - CORRECT ANSWER -Thin, vascular layer adherent to the contours of the brain.
Meningitis - CORRECT ANSWER -Inflammation of the Meninges
- Bacterial and virus invasion of the CNS by way of the nose and throat.
- Signs include high fever, stiff neck, drowsiness, and intense headache and may progress to coma
- Diagnose by examining the CSF
- Lumbar Puncture (Spinal Tap)
Internal chambers within the CNS
(In order) - CORRECT ANSWER -Lateral Ventricles - Inside Cerebral hemispheres.
Third Ventricle - A single vertical space under Corpus Callosum.
Cerebral Aqueduct - Runs through midbrain.
Fourth Ventricle - Small chamber between pons and cerebellum.
Central Canal - Runs down through spinal cord.
- Lined with ependymal cells and containing choroid plexus of capillaries that produce CSF.
Cerebrospinal Fluid - CORRECT ANSWER --
Clear liquid fills ventricles and canals and bathes its external surface (in subarachnoid space)
- Brain produces and absorbs about 500 ml/day
-Escapes from 4th ventricle to surround the brain.
