NSC 832 Quiz 2
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1. T12: where the lungs are when you take a deep breath
2. T3: where the right mainstem and the left mainstem bifurcate and the division between the upper lobe and lower
lobe posteriorly
3. T10: the base of the lungs at rest posteriorly
4. Horizontal Fissure: 4th rib; the separation of the right upper lobe and the right middle lobe
5. Right Oblique Fissure: 6th rib; the division between the right upper and right lower lobes
6. Left Oblique Fissure: the division between the left upper and left lower lobes
7. What landmark do you use to look for retractions?: suprasternal notch
8. What is the base point for all cardiac and respiratory assessments?: angle of louis
9. Normal AP Diameter: 2:1
10. Increased AP Diameter: barrel chest; commonly caused by COPD
11. Pectus excavatum: where the breastbone sinks into the chest; think excavate, or dig
12. Pectus carinatum: pigeon chested; where the breastbone and ribs are pushed outward
13. How do you assess tactile fremitus?: say "ninety-nine", assess symmetry. it is a transmission of
vibrations from larynx to chest
14. In what conditions is tactile fremitus increased?: pneumonia (consolidated tissue)
15. In what conditions is tactile fremitus decreased?: -obstructed bronchus, thickened chest
wall
-tumor, effusion
-air (COPD, pneumothorax)
-high pitch voice (has less vibration)
(when transmission is impeded or obstructed)
16. Flat Percussion Sound: bone, muscle
17. Dull Percussion Sound: organ, e.g. liver or splenomegaly
18. Resonant Percussion Sound: lung
19. Hyper-resonant Percussion Sound: bronchus
20. Tympanic Percussion Sound: abdomen
21. Vesicular Breath Sounds: soft and low - heard over most of lung
22. Broncho-vesicular Breath Sounds: mix of vesicular and tracheal
anterior - mid-chest
posterior - between scapulae
23. Bronchial Breath Sounds: over trachea and bronchus
, NSC 832 Quiz 2
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_dqm83t
24. Upper lobes: -Apices
-2nd intercostal space
25. Middle lobes: 4th & 5th intercostal spaces
26. Lower lobes: 6th intercostal space
27. Rales/crackles: intermittent, non-musical and brief sounds
28. Rhonchi: low pitched continuous and are snoring in quality, e.g. CHF, bronchitis - any mucus buildup
29. Wheezes: high pitched continuous sounds and are musical, hissing, or shrill in quality
30. Friction rub: low-pitched, grating, or creaking sounds occur when inflamed pleural surfaces rub together
during respiration; occur on inspiration AND expiration
31. Stridor: harsh inspiratory noise from larynx or trachea when obstructed; inspiratory sound
32. Egophony: patient says "ee", sounds like "ay" over area of pneumonia
33. Bronchophony: patient says "99", positive if 99 is louder in an area - indicates consolidation (e.g. pneumo-
nia)
34. Whispered pectoriloquy: patient whispers "99", sound increased with pneumonia
35. Pleural Effusion: -may or may not cough
-fremitus decreased over effusion
-dullness over effusion
-decreased BS over effusion, may or may not have pleural friction rub
36. Pneumonia: -may appear ill; feverish with erythema, sweating; may be coughing
-fremitus increased over pneumonia
-dullness over area of pneumonia
-decreased BS over area of pneumonia; crackles over involved area
37. COPD: -barrel chest; increased AP diameter
-fremitus decreased
-hyper-resonant
-decreased (distant) BS
38. Pneumothorax: -SOA
-fremitus decreased or absent over area of pneumothorax
-hyper-resonant over area of pneumothorax (in pleural space)
-BS decreased to absent
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_dqm83t
1. T12: where the lungs are when you take a deep breath
2. T3: where the right mainstem and the left mainstem bifurcate and the division between the upper lobe and lower
lobe posteriorly
3. T10: the base of the lungs at rest posteriorly
4. Horizontal Fissure: 4th rib; the separation of the right upper lobe and the right middle lobe
5. Right Oblique Fissure: 6th rib; the division between the right upper and right lower lobes
6. Left Oblique Fissure: the division between the left upper and left lower lobes
7. What landmark do you use to look for retractions?: suprasternal notch
8. What is the base point for all cardiac and respiratory assessments?: angle of louis
9. Normal AP Diameter: 2:1
10. Increased AP Diameter: barrel chest; commonly caused by COPD
11. Pectus excavatum: where the breastbone sinks into the chest; think excavate, or dig
12. Pectus carinatum: pigeon chested; where the breastbone and ribs are pushed outward
13. How do you assess tactile fremitus?: say "ninety-nine", assess symmetry. it is a transmission of
vibrations from larynx to chest
14. In what conditions is tactile fremitus increased?: pneumonia (consolidated tissue)
15. In what conditions is tactile fremitus decreased?: -obstructed bronchus, thickened chest
wall
-tumor, effusion
-air (COPD, pneumothorax)
-high pitch voice (has less vibration)
(when transmission is impeded or obstructed)
16. Flat Percussion Sound: bone, muscle
17. Dull Percussion Sound: organ, e.g. liver or splenomegaly
18. Resonant Percussion Sound: lung
19. Hyper-resonant Percussion Sound: bronchus
20. Tympanic Percussion Sound: abdomen
21. Vesicular Breath Sounds: soft and low - heard over most of lung
22. Broncho-vesicular Breath Sounds: mix of vesicular and tracheal
anterior - mid-chest
posterior - between scapulae
23. Bronchial Breath Sounds: over trachea and bronchus
, NSC 832 Quiz 2
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_dqm83t
24. Upper lobes: -Apices
-2nd intercostal space
25. Middle lobes: 4th & 5th intercostal spaces
26. Lower lobes: 6th intercostal space
27. Rales/crackles: intermittent, non-musical and brief sounds
28. Rhonchi: low pitched continuous and are snoring in quality, e.g. CHF, bronchitis - any mucus buildup
29. Wheezes: high pitched continuous sounds and are musical, hissing, or shrill in quality
30. Friction rub: low-pitched, grating, or creaking sounds occur when inflamed pleural surfaces rub together
during respiration; occur on inspiration AND expiration
31. Stridor: harsh inspiratory noise from larynx or trachea when obstructed; inspiratory sound
32. Egophony: patient says "ee", sounds like "ay" over area of pneumonia
33. Bronchophony: patient says "99", positive if 99 is louder in an area - indicates consolidation (e.g. pneumo-
nia)
34. Whispered pectoriloquy: patient whispers "99", sound increased with pneumonia
35. Pleural Effusion: -may or may not cough
-fremitus decreased over effusion
-dullness over effusion
-decreased BS over effusion, may or may not have pleural friction rub
36. Pneumonia: -may appear ill; feverish with erythema, sweating; may be coughing
-fremitus increased over pneumonia
-dullness over area of pneumonia
-decreased BS over area of pneumonia; crackles over involved area
37. COPD: -barrel chest; increased AP diameter
-fremitus decreased
-hyper-resonant
-decreased (distant) BS
38. Pneumothorax: -SOA
-fremitus decreased or absent over area of pneumothorax
-hyper-resonant over area of pneumothorax (in pleural space)
-BS decreased to absent
